Soil Properties.ppt

8/9/2019 Soil Properties.ppt

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Types of SoilTypes of Soil

Based on Particle SizeBased on Particle Size

Engr. Hanif UllahEngr. Hanif Ullah


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Types of SoilTypes of Soil

**Types of soil based on engineeringTypes of soil based on engineering

considerations depends on particle sizeconsiderations depends on particle size

**As engineering properties of soil change withAs engineering properties of soil change withchange in particle size, different naes arechange in particle size, different naes areassigned to partic!lar range of particle sizesassigned to partic!lar range of particle sizes

**The range of particle size specified for each soilThe range of particle size specified for each soiltype "ary aong the agenciestype "ary aong the agencies


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Soil types Based #n $%T &lassificationSoil types Based #n $%T &lassification

ClayClay::

''&oposed of "ery fine particles, less than (.(()&oposed of "ery fine particles, less than (.(()in sizein size

''la+y in shape th!s ha"ing considerable s!rfacela+y in shape th!s ha"ing considerable s!rfaceareaarea

''Ha"e high inter particle attraction and th!s ha"ingHa"e high inter particle attraction and th!s ha"ing

s!fficient cohesions!fficient cohesion''S!sceptible to swelling and shrin+age, ha"e lowS!sceptible to swelling and shrin+age, ha"e low

pereability pereability

''&oonly ha"e brown colo!r &oonly ha"e brown colo!r


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Soil types Based #n $%TSoil types Based #n $%T

&lassification&lassification

SiltSilt::

&oposed of particles ranging in size fro (.(() to&oposed of particles ranging in size fro (.(() to

(.((.(Ha"e high capillarity and "ery low dry strengthHa"e high capillarity and "ery low dry strength

Particle size interediate between clay and sandParticle size interediate between clay and sand

th!s possessing properties of both sand and claysth!s possessing properties of both sand and claysi. e. it show slight cohesion and also frictioni. e. it show slight cohesion and also friction

The colo!r of silty soil is ostly brownThe colo!r of silty soil is ostly brown


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SandSand::

Particle size ranging fro (.( to ) , ay beParticle size ranging fro (.( to ) , ay be

ro!nded to ang!lar in shape, grey in colo!r ro!nded to ang!lar in shape, grey in colo!r -o plasticity, high strength in confined state and -o plasticity, high strength in confined state and

has considerable frictional resistancehas considerable frictional resistance

Ang!lar particles ha"e high frictional resistanceAng!lar particles ha"e high frictional resistancethan ro!nded onesthan ro!nded ones

%t has high pereability and low capillarity%t has high pereability and low capillarity


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GravelGravel::

Particle size ranging fro ) to ( Particle size ranging fro ) to (

or good fo!ndation aterialor good fo!ndation aterialShow high frictional resistanceShow high frictional resistance

Ang!lar particles ha"e high frictional resistanceAng!lar particles ha"e high frictional resistance

than ro!nded onesthan ro!nded ones

The gra"els prod!ced by cr!shing of roc+s areThe gra"els prod!ced by cr!shing of roc+s areang!lar in shape while those ta+en froang!lar in shape while those ta+en frori"erbeds are s!bro!nded to ro!ndedri"erbeds are s!bro!nded to ro!nded


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Cobbles or BouldersCobbles or Boulders::

Particles larger than gra"els are coonlyParticles larger than gra"els are coonly

+nown as cobbles or bo!lders+nown as cobbles or bo!lders&obbles range in size fro ( to )((&obbles range in size fro ( to )((

The aterial larger than )(( are designatedThe aterial larger than )(( are designated

as bo!ldersas bo!lders


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Soil types According to AST$ andSoil types According to AST$ and

AASHT#AASHT#

Soil TypeSoil Type Range of SizesRange of Sizes

ASTMASTM AASHTOAASHTO

/ra"el/ra"el 0101to 2.01to 2.01 3arger than )3arger than )

&oarse sand&oarse sand 2.012.01to )to ) ) to (.2)1) to (.2)1

$edi! Sand$edi! Sand ))to (.2)1to (.2)1

ine sandine sand (.2)1(.2)1(.(01(.(01 (.2)1(.2)1 4 4(.(01(.(01SiltSilt (.(01(.(01to (.((1to (.((1 (.(01(.(01 5 5 (.(()(.(()

&lay&lay 66(.((1(.((1 66(.(()(.(()

&olloids&olloids 66(.((7(.((7 66(.((7(.((7


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%nde8 Properties of Soil%nde8 Properties of Soil

The soil properties on which theirThe soil properties on which their

classification and identification are based areclassification and identification are based are

+nown as inde8 properties. The inde8+nown as inde8 properties. The inde8

properties which are !sed are properties which are !sed are99

/rain Size :istrib!tion/rain Size :istrib!tion

3i;!id 3iit3i;!id 3iit

Plasticity %nde8Plasticity %nde8


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/rain Size :istrib!tion


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Atterberg or &onsistency liitsAtterberg or &onsistency liits

Soil Properties.ppt

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