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Soil: An Essential Ingredient to Healthy Food and Nutrition · An essential ingredient to ... to...
Transcript of Soil: An Essential Ingredient to Healthy Food and Nutrition · An essential ingredient to ... to...
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Soil
An essential ingredient to healthy food and nutrition
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Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security (2009): “Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food, which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”
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The 4 dimensions of food security:
Food production and availability through
agronomic management of soil resources
Stability of food production and
availability at all times
Food safety and
utilization through nutritious and biological
quality
Food access through
economic and physical capacity of households
or communities
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However our soils are under threat
Soil degradation: 75% due to unsustainable agricultural practices
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Soil degradation affects especially:
Food production and availability through
agronomic management of soil resources
Stability of food production and
availability at all times
Food safety and
utilization through nutritious and biological
quality
Food access through
economic and physical capacity of households
or communities
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Erosión costera en Granada
Badlands in Guatemala Removal of soil cover, Italy
Soil sealing in Bolivia Nutrient depletion in Kenya Flooding in Honduras
Soil erosion in Haiti
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HOW ???
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Affecting food production: lower soil productivity, lower yields and sometimes crop failure (due to soil infertility). Affecting food quality content: crops with lower nutritious content.
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Food safety and utilization
There are 18 essential elements that plants must have in order to grow and have nutrient-rich tissues
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But soil degradation does not only affect the nutrient content of our food…
SOIL POLLUTION
The soil is where our food grow…
Uptake of pollutants (e.g. heavy metals)
Accumulation in the food chain
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Food production, availability and stability
URBANISATION & SOIL SEALING: availability of arable land
EROSION, POLLUTION, ACIDIFICATION, SALINIZATION & SODIFICATION: soil fertility, pH and salt content
COMPACTION: soil structure porosity & water availability, soil biodiversity
- Availability of micro- and macro nutrients - Top-soil
• Primary driving agents of nutrient cycling • Regulate the dynamics of soil organic matter, soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emission • Modify soil physical structure and water regimes • Enhance the amount and efficiency of nutrient
acquisition by the vegetation and enhancing plant health
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What can be done to prevent soil degradation and ensure
food security ???
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To promote Sustainable Soil Management
Beyond 2015
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Sustainable soil management also part of the
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3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that […] progressively improve land and soil quality
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12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment
15.3 By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world
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Beyond 2015
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Thanks for your attention