COMPUTER APPLICATION & ITS USAGE IN VARIOUS FIELD

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CONTENTS THE WORD COMPUTER computer software Types of software Application software classification The use of computer application

software in various fields Banking Traffic light control Sports Music Hospitals Business Education Accounting

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THE WORD COMPUTER

A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.

the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945)

Modern computers based on integrated circuits are

millions to billions of times more capable that the early machines, and occupy a fraction of space

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WHAT IS COMPUTER SOFTWARE?

Computer software, or just software, is the collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions telling a computer what to do and how to do it.

We can also say software refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some purposes.

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TYPES OF SOFTWARE

System software provides the basic functions for computer usage and helps run the computer hardware and system. It includes a combination of the following:

device drivers operating systems servers utilities window systems

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PROGRAMMING SOFTWARE

Programming software usually provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different programming languages in a more convenient way. The tools include:

compilers debuggers interpreters linkers

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APPLICATION SOFTWARE Application software is developed for

some certain purpose, which either can be a certain program or a collection of some programs

Application software allows end users to accomplish one or more specific (not directly computer development related) tasks

Typical applications include: industrial automation business software medical software molecular modeling software spreadsheet

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APPLICATION SOFTWARE CLASSIFICATION

An application suite consists of multiple applications bundled together. They usually have related functions, features and user interfaces, and may be able to interact with each other

E.g. Microsoft Office, OpenOffice.orgo Enterprise software addresses the needs of

organization processes and data flow, often in a large distributed environment. (Examples include financial systems

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APPLICATION SOFTWARE CLASSIFICATION

Educational software is related to content access software, but has the content and/or features adapted for use in by educators or students..

Simulation software are computer software for simulation of physical or abstract systems for either research, training or entertainment purposes.

Product engineering software is used in developing hardware and software products. This includes computer aided design (CAD), computer aided engineering (CAE), computer language editing and compiling tools, Integrated Development Environments, and Application Programmer Interfaces.

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THE USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATION SOFTWARE IN VARIOUS FIELDS:-

Banks use computers application:- For MICR (Magnetic Ink Character

Recognition). For EFTPOS (Electronic Fund Transfer at Point

Of Sale). For EDI (Electronic Data Interchange). To administer the credit and debit card

systems. To combat credit and debit card crime For clearing cheques via the BACS (Bankers’

Automated Clearing Service). To run their network of ATMs (Automatic

Teller Machines [‘hole in the wall machines’]).

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SOME ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF BANKING APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Reducing cost Convenience Efficiency Transaction speed Disadvantages Start-up may take time The trust thing Learning curve

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PACKAGES AVAILABLE IN BANKING

The IT Packages and services available in India can be broadly classified into the following 5 types: Stand- alone branch-level packages. Multi-branch solutions. Foreign Packages. Packages for specialized niche areas. Service Branch / high-volume transaction

processing packages.

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TO HELP SOLVE CRIME THE POLICE USE:

The Police National Computer (PNC) keeps computerized records (sorted into indexes) of stolen and suspect vehicles, vehicle owners, the names of convicted, wanted, or missing people, the names of disqualified drivers, fingerprints, and DNA obtained from people who have convicted of a crime. Databases to handle information gathered

during major investigations. 3D modeling programs to recreate crimes. Centrally controlled and monitored CCTV

Security cameras.

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TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL SOFTWARE : -

The normal function of traffic lights requires sophisticated control and coordination to ensure that traffic moves as smoothly and safely as possible and that pedestrians are protected when they cross the roads

A variety of different control systems are used to accomplish this, ranging from simple clockwork mechanisms to sophisticated computerized control and coordination systems that self-adjust to minimize delay to people using the road.

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PACKAGES AVAILABLE IN TRAFFIC CONTROLLER

Traffic Controller Systems Fixed Time control Dynamic Control In-Pavement Detectors Non-Intrusive Detectors Non-motorized user detection Coordinated Control

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BUSINESS APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Business software is generally any software program that helps a business increase productivity or measure their productivity. The term covers a large variation of uses within the business environment, and can be categorized by using a small, medium and large matrix:

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THE USAGE OF SOFTWARE ACCORDING TO BUSINESS

The small business market generally consists of home accounting software, and office suites such as Microsoft Office

The medium size, or SME, has a broader range of software applications, ranging from accounting, groupware, customer relationship management, human resources software

The last segment covers enterprise level software applications, such as those in the fields of enterprise resource planning, enterprise content management (ECM), business process management (BPM) and product lifecycle management.

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TYPES OF BUSINESS APPLICATION SOFTWARE TOOLS

Digital Dashboards - Also known as Business Intelligence Dashboards, Enterprise Dashboards, or Executive Dashboards, these are visually-based summaries of business data that show at-a-glance understanding of conditions through metrics and Key Performance Indicators

Reporting software -generates aggregated views of data to keep the management informed about the state of their business.

Online Analytical Processing -commonly known as OLAP (including HOLAP, ROLAP and MOLAP) - a capability of some management, decision support, and executive information systems that supports interactive examination of large amounts of data

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IN HOSPITALS COMPUTERS APPLICATION ARE USED In medicine computers are used: To keep patients’ records up-to-

date. To monitor patients who are in

intensive care. To produce images or scans of

parts of the body (e.g. ultra-sound scans, CAT [Computerized Axial Tomography) scans that produces a 3D image of the inside of a patient’s body).

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TYPES OF MEDICAL SOFTWARE

Monitorso heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, use

software to interpret the sensor information and display it in a meaningful way on a monitor.

Medical and healthcare educational software Software used as an educational or study tool

for health care professionals.

Medical informatics Software for the business and informational aspect of

medicine; these include electronic medical record (EMR) and electronic health record (EHR) software

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THE MUSIC INDUSTRY USES COMPUTERS:

The music industry uses computers: To digitally record music. To produce electronic music using

synthesizers. To ‘sample’ existing recordings. To speed up the production of new recordings

(it is much easier to record each element of a recording separately and then blend them together than trying to do it all at the same time).

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OLD VS. NEW

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COMPUTER APPLICATION IN SPORTS

In sports computers are used wildly in conjunction with video cameras. These are used to record the motion of all the sports men. 3D programs are used later on to help the trainers see there movements and could improve there styles of playing.

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THE USE OF COMPUTER APPLICATION IN SPORTS

Recording performances Afterwards analysis  Monitoring performances

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ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE

It is application software that records and processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll, and trial balance. It functions as an accounting information system

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ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE IS TYPICALLY COMPOSED OF VARIOUS MODULES AMONG THE MOST COMMON ARE:

Accounts receivable—where the company enters money received

Accounts payable—where the company enters its bills and pays money it owes

General ledger—the company's "books" Billing—where the company produces invoices to

clients/customers Stock/Inventory—where the company keeps control of

its inventory Purchase Order—where the company orders inventory Sales Order—where the company records customer

orders for the supply of inventory

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CONT’D

Cash Book—where the company records collection and payment Non Core Modules

Debt Collection—where the company tracks attempts to collect overdue bills (sometimes part of accounts receivable)

Electronic payment processing Expense—where employee business-related

expenses are entered Inquiries—where the company looks up

information on screen without any edits or additions

Payroll—where the company tracks salary, wages, and related taxes

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COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION Since the 1980s, computers have been widely

available in schools, libraries, and a growing percentage of U.S. households. In fact, the percentage of U.S. public schools that had computers grew from 77.7% in the academic year 1984-85 to 97.5% in 1993-94.

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CONT’D There is no single application that is universal to

all classrooms. In some settings, students use computers for simple word processing--that is, to type reports and other documents and to print out the results. This application allows students to revise and edit easily

Another application of computers in classrooms is for so-called computer-aided instruction (CAI). Interactive programs provide practice in such basic skills as spelling, math computation, and word recognition.

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