Software architectureSoftware architecture

Fiction provides a fundamental analysis Fiction provides a fundamental analysis prospect, effective to describe an prospect, effective to describe an emotional term.emotional term.

Starting from a text it is possible to build Starting from a text it is possible to build the relationships among the words the relationships among the words inside a linguistic system,inside a linguistic system,considered as an isolated systemconsidered as an isolated system

The meaning of the term is completely The meaning of the term is completely organized in the context.organized in the context.

We build a model and a metalanguage, We build a model and a metalanguage, both of which allow the description of both of which allow the description of emotional words: from the context to emotional words: from the context to the extra contextthe extra context

Preliminary Preliminary remarks remarks

Software architectureSoftware architecture The Database, processed from a The Database, processed from a

descriptive model, allows data descriptive model, allows data processing, data comparison and data processing, data comparison and data filing. One of its most important filing. One of its most important functions is to rapidly process indexes functions is to rapidly process indexes and concordances.and concordances.

A dedicated software links the text and A dedicated software links the text and the data in an easy, univocal way, the data in an easy, univocal way, allowing both an automatic input of the allowing both an automatic input of the chosen item and the context in the chosen item and the context in the database, and identifying the room used database, and identifying the room used from the item in a wider context than from the item in a wider context than the databasethe database

Starting from the textStarting from the text To link up texts to DB we chose the To link up texts to DB we chose the

logic of the projectlogic of the project: :

Using a wizard, it is created a project Using a wizard, it is created a project file: a file containing the information file: a file containing the information where are one or more where are one or more Word Word files files containing the textcontaining the text and where is the and where is the linked database.linked database.

It is also possible to create a new It is also possible to create a new database automatically linked to the database automatically linked to the text. text.

The databaseThe database

Relational normalized db with 4 tables:

1. Archive table: contains the data

2. Emotion list table: contains the list of emotions

3. Item type table e 4. Type 2 table contain classifications of the descriptive model

Relationships between Relationships between tablestables

What is the lexicon made of?

Genericemotiveprocess

Description givenby the item

Itemclassification

Perception of anobject/situation in

its emotive meaning

Evaluation anddescription

Action/manifestation

Evaluation ofwhat is

happenedWhat we want

or not to do

Internal idea of the feeling

It describe the action or

manifestation

Antecedents

Emotions, states of mind

Manifestations

Objective description

Causative

Dispositions

Causative termCausative term - - terms describing a quality or terms describing a quality or an action that provokes an emotional reaction in an action that provokes an emotional reaction in other personother person

Objective descriptionObjective description - - terms which do not terms which do not refer directly to inner states but, however, have refer directly to inner states but, however, have strong affective content; strong affective content; these terms describe these terms describe only the conditions where an emotion could be only the conditions where an emotion could be developeddeveloped

Manifestation, representation and gestureManifestation, representation and gesture - - any external expression of an emotion or state of any external expression of an emotion or state of mindmind

DispositionDisposition - - permanent quality or humoural permanent quality or humoural tendency towards a certain emotion or state of tendency towards a certain emotion or state of mindmind

Bodily sensationBodily sensation – – physical sensationsphysical sensations

Emotion, state of mindEmotion, state of mind

ExampleExample

您刚才用的这些词让我们很您刚才用的这些词让我们很震惊震惊，因为我，因为我们觉得这些词是不应该用在他们身上的，们觉得这些词是不应该用在他们身上的，比如比如善良善良，比如，比如可爱可爱 (…)(…)

Categories at the same conceptual level

Information about term type

Information about term typeInformation about term type

象征性的表达法 象征性的表达法 symbolic descriptionssymbolic descriptions 成语成语 , , 俗语，谚语俗语，谚语 chengyu, suyu, yanyu chengyu, suyu, yanyu 带有感情色彩的称谓或诨名或感叹词带有感情色彩的称谓或诨名或感叹词 appellations, appellations,

epithets, interjections, onomatopoeia epithets, interjections, onomatopoeia 身体的知觉身体的知觉 bodily sensationsbodily sensations We decided to include generic terms, We decided to include generic terms, labelling labelling

the phenomena of emotion in general, such the phenomena of emotion in general, such as “emotion”, “passion”, “feeling”, “heart”as “emotion”, “passion”, “feeling”, “heart”

Emotions and states of mind Emotions and states of mind as core elements of the as core elements of the

modelmodel Subdivision: two hierarchically Subdivision: two hierarchically

organized levels are differentiatedorganized levels are differentiated

A first, upper level groups the A first, upper level groups the categories of the basic level into categories of the basic level into wide emotional complexes referring wide emotional complexes referring to both the classical Chinese to both the classical Chinese tradition and to several psychology tradition and to several psychology studies.studies.

The upper level is defined comparing the basic The upper level is defined comparing the basic emotions in the Chinese and the Western emotions in the Chinese and the Western

traditiontradition Basic Emotions

Plutchik Acceptance, anger, anticipation, disgust, joy, fear, sadness, surprise

Arnold Anger, aversion, courage, dejection, desire, despair, fear, hate, hope, love, sadness

Ekman, Friesen, and Ellsworth

Anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise

Frijda Desire, happiness, interest, surprise, wonder, sorrow

Gray Rage and terror, anxiety, joy

Izard Anger, contempt, disgust, distress, fear, guilt, interest, joy, shame, surprise

James Fear, grief, love, rage

Oatley and Johnson-Laird

Anger, disgust, anxiety, happiness, sadness

Upper level categoriesUpper level categories

爱爱 //欲欲 positive expectations and positive expectations and interactionsinteractions

喜喜 // 乐乐 satisfactory affectssatisfactory affects

哀哀 // 悲悲 // 忧忧 unsatisfactory affectsunsatisfactory affects

恐恐 //惊惊 negative projectionsnegative projections

怒怒 //恶恶 aggressive-opposing emotionsaggressive-opposing emotions

In the second one we find more precise In the second one we find more precise distinctions than the super tidy concepts distinctions than the super tidy concepts

of emotionof emotion

The emotions and the states of mind are The emotions and the states of mind are ordered in categories with vague borders ordered in categories with vague borders whose members are grouped by familiarity whose members are grouped by familiarity around a typical central element.around a typical central element.

These categories are the elements of a These categories are the elements of a metalanguage allowing the description of metalanguage allowing the description of the semantic spaces of the terms. This the semantic spaces of the terms. This metalanguage is thus the basis of the metalanguage is thus the basis of the comparison among different linguistic comparison among different linguistic systems.systems.

EmotionEmotionss

ExampleExample

您刚才用的这些词让我们很您刚才用的这些词让我们很震惊震惊，因为我们觉得，因为我们觉得这些词是不应该用在他们身上的，比如这些词是不应该用在他们身上的，比如善良善良，比，比如如可爱可爱 (…)(…)

震惊 震惊 should be classified belonging to thisshould be classified belonging to this groupgroup

The cardThe card

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ExampleExample