alendronate sodium tablet fosamax - alendronate sodium tablet ...
Sodium
-
Upload
amandadecruiz -
Category
Documents
-
view
6 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Sodium
![Page 1: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Hyponatremia/HypernatremiaBy Surijdei Amanda DeCruiz
![Page 2: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Sodium Overview
Na+ regulation is associated with H2O homeostasis (Independent Mechanisms)
Change in Na+ conc. = H2O homeostasis
Change in Na+ content = Na+ homeostasis Na+ is actively pumped out of cells ECF An increase in Na+ intake increase ECF volume
increase GFR; increase Na+ excretion A decrease in Na+ intake decrease ECF volume
decrease GFR; decrease Na+ excretion
![Page 3: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Sodium Homeostasis
![Page 4: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Water Homeostasis
![Page 5: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Sodium
Decrease in Renal Perfusion Pressure Stimulates RAAS Aldosterone Na+ reabsorption/K+ excretion (Late DT)
Decrease Plasma tone ADH suppression
Steady State Preservation H2O intake = H2O output (Renal, GI, Resp, Skin)
No Steady State = Hypo/Hypernatremia
![Page 6: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Hyponatremia
Too much H2O in relation to serum Na+ (Plasma Na+ conc. <135 mmol/L)
Clinical symptoms Na+ < 120 mEq/L; Exception increase in ICP i.e. after head trauma (decrease ECF H2O shifts into the brain increase ICP thus critical to keep Na+ Normal/Slightly increase) Neuro: H2O intoxication increases ICF volume cerebral
edema, headache, delirium, irritability, muscle twitching, weakness, hyperactive DTR, increase ICP, seizures, coma.
GI: Nausea, vomiting, ileus, watery diarrhea, salivation Cardiovascular: HTN Renal:Oliguria progressing to Anuria if delayed therapy
![Page 7: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Hyponatremia
![Page 8: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Hyponatremia
![Page 9: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Hyponatremia
![Page 10: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis
Dx: Osmolality:
Low Plasma “True Hyponatremia” Low Urine “Diluting Urine” Primary Polydipsia High Urine (Incr. ADH) SIADH, Hypothyroidism, CHF
Urine Na+ Conc: >20mmol/L Salt Wasting, Hypoaldosteronism,
Diuretics <40mmol/L SIADH
![Page 11: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hyponatremia Treatment
![Page 12: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hypernatremia
Too much serum Na+ in relation to H2O (Plasma Na+ conc. >145 mmol/L) Neuro: AMS, weakness, restlessness, focal neuro deficit,
confusion, seizure, coma GI: dry mucosa/ tissue membrane, decrease salivation
![Page 13: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hypernatremia
![Page 14: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Hypernatremia Diagnosis
Dx: Osmolality >800mosm/kg: Urine Volume decreased:
Kidneys respond appropriately Give Desmopressin
Increase = Central DI Decrease= Nephrogenic DI
![Page 15: Sodium](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051316/55cf8c755503462b138ca319/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Hypernatremia Treatment