Importance of Socialization

Ch. 4, Sec. 1 pp. 108-114

Describe the self concept you have of yourself and the looking glass self others have for you. Are they different?

Socialization and Personality

Socialization is the cultural process of learning to participate in group life

Youth is most important time for socialization

Personal and social development occurs only through prolonged social contact with others

Socialization and the Self

Ch. 4, Sec. 2, pp.115-119

Symbolic Interactionism

Self Concept: image of yourself as having an identity separate from other people

Looking Glass Self 1. How do we appear to others (imagined)2. What is their reaction to our appearance3. Evaluate ourselves based on this imagined

perception Distortions? Significant others?

Role Taking Imitation Stage Play Stage Game Stage

Generalized Other-Have you reached this stage?

REACTIONS OF THE SELF “ME”-created through socialization ~“Ego” “I”-spontaneous impulses~ “Id”

Agents of Socialization

Ch. 4, Sec. 3&4, pp. 121-132

Family

Learn norms, values, and beliefs

Learn to develop relationships Acquire self image Obtain social class

Schools

Children are cared for by someone other than parents

More impersonal relationships

Schools

Hidden Curriculum-unofficial skills children are taught in preparation for life

Extracurricular Activities

Peer Group

Composed of individuals of roughly the same age and interests

Provide sense of belonging Not under adult control Experience in areas of conflict,

competition, and cooperation

Peer Group Independence, freedom to express

yourself May develop values that conflict with

the adult world Relationships with the opposite sex Peer pressure

Mass Media Methods of communication to reach

the general population Either helps sustain status quo or

moves society towards change Display role models to imitate Teach Values Show achievement, success, and

hard work

Violence and Mass Media By 16 years of age you will have

seen 20,000 homicides Correlation between watching

violence and aggressive behavior?

Processes of Socialization

Ch. 4 Sec. 4

Process of Socialization Total Institutions are used to change

previously learned behavior Desocialization-process of giving up old

norms, values, and attitudes. Destroys your personal identity

Resocialization-process by which you adopt new norms, values, beliefs, and attitudes.

Process of Socialization Anticipatory Socialization-process of

preparing in advance for new norms, values, and attitudes.

Reference Group-A group you use to evaluate yourself and where you gain your norms, beliefs, and values