Sociodemographic Factors Affecting Anc Practices in Urban Slums Og Asr

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Open Access Journal www.njcmindia.org pISSN 0976 3325eISSN 2229 6816

National Journal of Community MedicineVolume 4Issue 4Oct Dec 2013 Page 574

Original Article

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS INFLUENCINGANTENATAL CARE PRACTICES IN URBAN SLUMS OF

AMRITSAR CITY, PUNJAB, INDIAKanwal Preet Gill1, Priyanka Devgun2

Financial Support: None declaredConflict of interest: None declared

Copy right: The Journal retains thecopyrights of this article. However,reproduction of this article in the part ortotal in any form is permissible with dueacknowledgement of the source.

How to cite this article:

Gill KP, Devgun P. Socio-Demographic Factors InfluencingAntenatal Care Practices in UrbanSlums of Amritsar City, Punjab,India. Natl J Community Med 2013;4(4): 574-8.

Authors Affiliation:1Assistant Professor; 2Professor andHead, Department of CommunityMedicine, Sri Guru Ram Das Insti-tute of Medical Sciences and Re-search, Amritsar

Correspondence:Dr. Kanwal Preet Kaur GillE-mail: [email protected]

Date of Submission: 25-09-13Date of Acceptance: 16-12-13Date of Publication: 31-12-13

ABSTRACT

Objective:The study was conducted to explore socio - demographic fac-tors influencing antenatal care in various slum areas of Amritsar city inPunjab.

Methods: A total of 30 clusters of 7 units each were taken to make a sam-ple of 210 units. The women who had delivered within one year before

the interview were taken as study units. They were interviewed with thehelp of a pretested proforma and regression analysis was applied toevaluate the effect of various socio-demographic factors on antenatalcare.

Results: On univariate analysis nativity, possession of identity proof,socio-economic status of women, type of family, age of women, literacystatus of women and their husbands, parity and pre-planning of preg-nancy emerged as significant factors influencing antenatal care practicesof the women. But, multivariate regression analysis identified only liter-acy of the women (OR=3.02, CI=1.36 - 7.57, p=


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Those women were interviewed with the help of apretested proforma. Modified Udai Pareek (MUP)scale7was used to assess the socio-economic status ofthe study subjects. The data was compiled and ana-lyzed with the help of SPSS 15.0 v for windows. Vari-ous socio-demographic factors were studied for

adequate antenatal care. Minimum four antenatalcheckups during pregnancy were considered as ade-quate antenatal care. The factors found to be signifi-cant were evaluated further by applying logisticregression analysis and odds ratios (ORs) with 95%confidence interval (CI) were generated.

RESULTS

Table 1: Distribution of households according totheir socio-demographic characteristics

Parameters No. (n=210) (%)

Current age


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Table 3: Distribution of women according to their socio-demographic characteristics and adequate antenatalcare

Parameters Adequate

ANC (n=89)

Non-adequate

ANC(n= 121)

Chi square, df, (p value)

Nativity Native (95) 53 42 X2=12.75, df=1 p


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It is highly desirable that women should have mini-mum four antenatal checkups during pregnancy. Butin the present study, though 73.3% of respondentscontacted a health provider at least once, only 42.4% ofthem had adequate number of antenatal checkups(ANC) putting the recommendations on the back

burner. These figures are on lower side when com-pared with figures for Punjab which is 64%.8

Iron folic acid (IFA) tablets were taken regularly onlyby 21.4% of study subjects (Table- 2). These findingsare in conformity with the results of NFHS III whichshowed that 18.5% women among urban poor con-sumed IFA for 90 days or more whereas the figure forurban non-poor is 41.8%.6 Nearly ninety percent(89.5%) of study subjects were immunized againsttetanus which is close to the percentage for urban non-poor.6

Various socio-demographic factors were studied foradequate antenatal care (Table-3). It was observed thatnativity (p


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12. Ajayi IO, Osakinle DC. Socio-demographic factors de-termining the adequacy of antenatal care among preg-nant women visiting Ekiti State Primary Health Centers.Online J Health Allied Scs.2013;12(2):4. Available From:http://www.ojhas.org/issue46/2013- 2-4.html

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14. Sarode VM. Does illiteracy influence pregnancy compli-cations among women in the slums of greater Mumbai.International Journal of Sociology & Anthropology. 2010[cited 2013 Jan 18]; 2 (5): 84-94. Available fromhttp://www.academicjournals.org/ijsa

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Sociodemographic Factors Affecting Anc Practices in Urban Slums Og Asr

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