Societal influences on children and families
Transcript of Societal influences on children and families
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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The Socialization of Children
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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SOCIALIZATIONWhat does “Socialization” Mean?
The process of learning one’s culture – the roles, rules and
behaviors that help one to live in meaningfully within it
Diverse nature of America results in a variety of cultural
influences
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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• Family • School• Peer group• Media
Family
School
Peer Group
Media
FOUR SOCIALIZING AGENTS
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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THE FAMILY
All families belong to “subcultures” and networks that reflect:
•Social class•Ethnic group •Kinship
All of these influence the way children are socialized.
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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• Families organize around…
•Occupation or interests• “Meaning” circles: religion, spiritual social justice• Focus: school / work / survival• Status
THE FAMILY (CONT.)
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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THE FAMILY (CONT.)Bias is everywhere, it hurts everyone, even
those who perpetuate it. The first step is to become aware of privilege as an aspect of bias
•Privilege: invisible / unearned assets•Classism: may be hard to see•Racism: individual / institutionalized
Do you see yourself as privileged because of your race and/or ethnicity?
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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SCHOOLS AS SOCIALIZING AGENTS
• Continuity from preschool to kindergarten (or lack thereof)
• Classroom behavioral expectations
• Capacity to respond to diversity• Inequity in schools
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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PREPARATION FOR SCHOOL• Children enter school with a wide range of
skills, background knowledge and life experiences
•Schools aim to socializechildren
•Goals for children different according tohow they are “identified” or “tracked”
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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• Feel good about themselves
• Gain knowledge from their mistakes
• Can communicate
• Can weigh alternatives and make sound choices
• Can concentrate and focus
• What other qualities can you add?
CHILDREN WHO ARE READY…
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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PEER GROUP AS SOCIALIZING AGENT
• Pairs threesomes small groups• Choices are affected by gender and
proximity• “Group mind” – behavior contagion• Informal learning from peers• Imagination increases with pretend
play
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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MEDIA AS A SOCIALIZING AGENT
• Advertising• Print media • Radio• Computers / video games• Movies• Television
TELEVISION AND YOUNG CHILDREN
• Do not expose infants to television
• Examine your own television habits
• Reduce risk of addiction by avoiding exposure altogether
• Watch with children• Do not let TV viewing
take place of active play
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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COMMERCIAL ADVERTISING
• Developmental researchers agree that exposure to media influences children.
• Commercial interests often disagree with this research.
• In 1999, $12 billion was spent on advertising aimed at children.
Do you see a disconnect?
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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• Average child has seen 8,000 murders and 100,000 acts of violence during childhood
• Eight of ten programs contain violence
• Prime-time programs average five violent act an hour
• Saturday morning cartoons average 20 acts per hour
VIOLENCE FACTS
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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EFFECTS OF VIOLENT PROGRAMS
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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LONG TERM LEGACY
Gonzalez-Mena, Child, Family, and Community: Family-Centered Early Care and Education, 6e. © 2013, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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RESOURCES ABOUT MEDIA
• Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood (CCFC)
• Effects of TV on Children• American Psychologist Associatio
n Website about Violence and Media
• TV and Children