Socialism in Europe RevolutionIX...Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution The Age of Social...

Socialism in Europe and the Russian

Revolution

The Age of Social Change

The Russian Revolution

The February Revolution in Petrograd

What Changed after October?

The Global Influence of the Russian Revolution and the USSR

Q. Majority of Russia’s population were

A. Industrial Workers

B. Craftsmen

C. Artisans

D. Agriculturists

The French Revolution - S2

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Time in Exam: 2-3 mins

Sprint Time: 1 min

A. Vladimir Lenin

B. Leon Trotsky

C. Stalin

D. None of the above

Q1. Who was the leader of the Bolshevik Party in 1917?

Total Marks: 1


Sprint Time: 1 min

Q2. Which demands were presented in the ‘April Theses’?

A. War to be brought to a close

B. Lands be transferred to peasants

C. Banks be nationalised

D. All the above

Total Marks: 1


Sprint Time: 1 min Q3. Which treaty marked the end of Russia’s participation in the First World

War?

SOLUTION

The Treaty of Brest Litovsk between Russia and Germany in 1918 marked the end of Russia’s participation in the First

World War.

Total Marks: 1


Sprint Time: 1 min

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Total Marks: 3


Sprint Time: 3-4 mins

Q4. What were the main events of the February Revolution?

SOLUTION

❖ In February 1917, there was a shortage of food items in workers quarters. A lockout took place at a factory on the right bank of River Neva.

❖ On February 25, the government suspended the Duma.

❖ On February 27, Police headquarters were ransacked, people demonstrated on the streets. Petrograd Soviet was formed.

❖ Tsar abdicated on March 2, Monarchy was brought down in Feb 1917.

❖ Soviet leaders and Duma leaders formed a Provisional Government to run the country.

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Total Marks: 3



Q5. Write a few lines on the Kulaks.

SOLUTION

❖ “Kulaks” are the name for well to-do peasants, whom Stalin believed to be hoarding grains to gain more profit.

❖ As the towns were facing shortages of grains, Kulaks were considered of the reason behind it.

❖ Stalin proposed to eliminate these Kulaks so that farming could be modernised. Hence, the members of the Bolshevik party raided the Kulaks and their goods were seized.

Total Marks: 3



Total Marks: 3



Q6. Write briefly about Stalin’s collectivisation programme.

SOLUTION

❖ Stalin began this program in 1929.

❖ He believed this program would help in improving grain supplies.

❖ All peasants were forced to cultivate in collective farms called ‘Kolhoz’.

❖ The profits of the farms were shared among the cultivators.

❖ But this enforcement enraged the peasants which in turn worsened the food supply situation.

Total Marks: 3



Total Marks: 5



Q7. What were the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October

Revolution?

SOLUTION

● The Bolsheviks were not in favour of any private property. Hence most industries and banks were nationalized.

● Land was declared social property and peasants were allowed to seize the land on which they worked which belonged to nobility.

● In cities Bolsheviks enforced the partition of the large houses according to family requirements.

● They banned the use of old titles of aristocracy.

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SOLUTION

❖ To assert the change Bolsheviks introduced new uniforms for the army and officials in 1918 in which the Soviet hat (budenovka) was chosen.

❖ The Bolshevik party was renamed as the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik).

❖ Russia became a one-party state and Trade unions were kept under party control.

❖ For the first time the Bolshevik introduced a Centralized Planning on the basis of which Five Year Plans were made for development of Russia.

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Total Marks: 5



Q8. Explain the impact of the Russian Revolution on Russia and the World.

SOLUTION

● Russia became the first country to establish a communist state. Soon after it, communist parties were formed in many countries.

● The Bolsheviks encouraged colonial peoples

to follow their experiment.

● Many non-Russians from outside the USSR

participated in the Conference of the Peoples

of the East (1920) and the Bolshevik-founded

Comintern, an international union of pro-

Bolshevik socialist parties.

● Some received education in the USSR's

Communist University of the Workers of the

East.

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SOLUTION

❖ Socialism became popular by the time of the outbreak of the Second World War.

❖ By the end of the 20th century, the international reputation of the USSR as a socialist country had declined though it was recognised that socialist ideals still enjoyed respect among its people.

❖ But in each country the ideas of

socialism were rethought in a number

of ways.

Total Marks: 5



Socialism in Europe and the Russian

Revolution

The Age of Social Change

The Russian Revolution

The February Revolution in Petrograd

What Changed after October?

The Global Influence of the Russian Revolution and the USSR

Q. What was the name of the ship which shelled the Winter Palace?

A. Oceania

B. Aurora

C. Navarin

D. Lusiana

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Socialism in Europe RevolutionIX...Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution The Age of Social...

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