Social Studies Instruction Models

TCH 347 Social Studies Methods

Department of Teacher EducationShippensburg University

Han Liu, Ph. D.

Overview of Instructional Theory

Behaviorism Cognitivism Constructivism

Learning Theory

Cognitive Styles Learning Styles Left-brain/Right-brain Learners Multiple Intelligence Learning Environment Online Learning

Theory PracticeSample-1

Theory(Constructivism)

Theorist(Ausubel, Piaget,

etc.)

Practical Model(Jigsaw)

Principles(Cooperative Learning, etc.)

Example(Three economicmodel with three

groups)

Theory PracticeSample-2

Theory(Taxonomy-Cognitivist)

Theorist(Bloom)

Practical Model(Objective/Question/Assessment

Design)

Principles(Six Level

of Competence)

Example(Multiple-Choice Questions

at different learning levels)

Learning Levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy

Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation

Learning Domains or Bloom's Taxonomy

Cognitive: mental skills (Knowledge) Affective: growth in feelings or

emotional areas (Attitude) Psychomotor: manual or physical

skills (Skills)

KSA vs. KSD KSA:

Knowledge, Skills, and Attitude. This taxonomy of learning behaviors can be thought of as "the goals of the training process." That is, after the training session, the learner should have acquires new skills, knowledge, and/or attitudes. http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html

KSD: Knowledge, Skills, and Dispositions NCATE Standard #1 for Teacher Candidates.

Learning Models

Cooperative Learning/Collaborative Learning (Behaviorism/Constructivism)

Affective learning (Psychology)

Goal-oriented Learning/Self-directed Learning (Intrinsic Motivation-Behaviorism)

Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary Learning (constructivism)

Authentic Learning (Cognitivism/Constructivism) Inquiry Learning Discovery Learning Problem-based Learning

Cooperative Groups Size: Pairs are good at beginning, 3-4 appropriate, 5-6 too

large Group Members: Student volunteering/assignment by the

teacher; homogeneous/heterogeneous Task: Work division/responsibilities: time keeper, writer,

presenter, facilitator… Break up tasks in small chunks; piecemeal strategy

Questions: Concise, focused Activity Time Range: Depending grade level and tasks Monitor Carefully: Make sure every member is engaged

and doing the work in the group Assessment: Make sure kids are assessed individually and

for their group work

Motivation Intrinsic Motivation

Personal interests Personal goals Curiosity Appreciation of learning

Extrinsic Motivation Rewards & Punishments Multimedia materials Successful role models Career expectations Individualized instruction & learning activities

Technology Integration Offline Sources

Slides, pictures, movie, drama, documentary, song, and lecture video tapes, etc.

Online Sources Supplementary Curricula materials Lesson plans Interactive online quizzes

Communication Tools Discussion room Emails Webpages

Teacher self-created teaching aids

Important Terminology in Social Studies

Themes, Strand, Topics Concept, Facts,

Generalizations Goals & Objectives Evaluation vs. Assessment