Social influence Spaced Learning. What is conformity? ‘A change in behaviour or belief as a result...
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Transcript of Social influence Spaced Learning. What is conformity? ‘A change in behaviour or belief as a result...
Social influenceSpaced Learning
What is conformity?‘A change in behaviour or belief as a result of
real or imagined group pressure’
Definition for 2 AO1:
Mention whether private beliefs are changed or not and whether the change is long lasting.Give an example.
• Refers to instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people but the person actually privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or behaviour. This type of conformity therefore does not lead to a change in a person’s private beliefs and is temporary.
Compliance
• Refers to instances when the individual takes on the views of a group they join or they admire. It does not necessarily result in a change of a person’s private beliefs.
Identification
• refers to instances where a person behaves or agrees with a group of people because they have actually accepted the group’s point of view or beliefs. This type of conformity does result in a change in the persons’ private beliefs and attitudes as a result it may have longer lasting effects than public compliance (conversion).
Internalisation
Shallowest
Deepest
Types of conformity
Studies into complianceAsch (1951)Sherif (1935)
Asch’s Results
VariationsAt one point the experiment was modified to determine if the size of the group affected the participants’ reactions. (the confederate group varied in size from one to fifteen)
Studies into minority influenceInternalisation
Moscovici (1969) Clark (1998/1999)
Conditions for ConversionConsistency
The minority must be consistent in their opinion
FlexibilityThe minority must not appear to be rigid & dogmatic
RelevanceThe minority will be more successful if their views are
in line with social trends
CommitmentA committed minority will lead people to rethink their
position.
Study into identification
Zimbardo (1973)
Why do we conform?Normative influence This refers to instances where someone conforms in order to fit in and gain approval or avoid disapproval from other group members. Leads to conformity.
Informational social influence This refers to instances where people conform because they are uncertain about what to do in a particular situation, so they look to others for guidance. This explanation tends to lead to internalisation.
Factors influencing conformity
Size of the majorityHow did the results change when Asch
changed the number of confederates?
The importance of timeWhen Asch carried out his
research, the USA was very conservative, schools
were more hierarchical than they are now
Gender: Larsen et al. (1979)Males conform more in higher status groups, Women conform more in peer groups
Individual characteristics: confidencePerrin & Spencer (1981)
Culture: Smith and Bond (1996)
Brain Break
Social influenceSpaced Learning
What is …………………?‘A change in ………………… or …………………. as a
result of real or imagined group pressure’
Definition for 2 AO1:
Mention whether …………………. beliefs are changed or not and whether the change is ………………….Give an ………………………...
• Refers to instances where a person may ………….. in public with a group of people but the person actually ………… ………………………..with the group’s viewpoint or behaviour. This type of conformity therefore ……………….lead to a change in a person’s private beliefs and is ……………..
……………….
• Refers to instances when the individual …………………the views of a group they join or they …….. It ………. …….. necessarily result in a change of a person’s ……… beliefs.
Identification
• refers to instances where a person behaves or agrees with a group of people because they have actually accepted the group’s point of view or beliefs. This type of conformity does result in a change in the persons’ private beliefs and attitudes as a result it may have longer lasting effects than public compliance (conversion).
……………………
Shallowest
Deepest
Types of conformity
Studies into compliance……… (1951)……… (1935)
Asch’s Results
VariationsAt one point the experiment was modified to determine if the …….. of the group affected the participants’ reactions. (the confederate group varied in …… from ………. to ……………)
Studies into …………… influence…………………….
…………..i (1969) …… (1998/1999)
Conditions for Conversion……………….
The minority must be consistent in their opinion
FlexibilityThe minority must not appear to be ………… & ……………
………………….The minority will be more successful if their views are
in line with ………………
…………………..A …………… minority will lead people to rethink their
position.
Study into i……………..
Z……... (1973)
Why do we conform?……………………. influence This refers to instances where someone conforms in order to ……………………………………… or avoid disapproval from other group members. Leads to conformity.
……………………..influence This refers to instances where people conform because they are …………. about what to do in a particular situation, so they look to others for …………..... This explanation tends to lead to ……………….
…………………………..conformity
……….. of the majority
How did the results change when Asch
changed the …………… of …………?
The importance of …….When Asch carried out his research, the USA was very
……………., schools were more hierarchical than they are
now
G…………..: Larsen et al. (1979)………. conform more in higher status groups, …………….. conform more in peer groups
Individual characteristics: ………………….Perrin & Spencer (1981)
…………….: Smith and Bond (1996)
Brain break
Social influenceSpaced Learning
What is conformity?‘A
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………’
Definition for 2 AO1:
Mention whether private beliefs are changed or not and whether the change is long lasting.Give an example.
Types of conformity
Studies into compliance
Asch’s Results
Variations
Studies into minority influenceInternalisation
Conditions for Conversion
Study into identification
Why do we conform?
.