Social Entrepreneurship intro sarajevo
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Transcript of Social Entrepreneurship intro sarajevo
Fredrik Björk, Malmö University
Fredrik Björk
Started International Master’s Programme Leadership for Sustainability (focus on social entrepreneurship and social innovation)
Forum for Social Innovation (Sweden) – responsible for covering research on social innovation
Teacher in Environmental Science
What Is Entrepreneurship?
‘Creating value by bringing together resources to exploit an opportunity’
Entrepreneurs The function of entrepreneurs is to reform or
revolutionize the patterns of production… By exploiting an invention or… an untried technological possibility…
Joseph Schumpeter
The entrepreneur always searches for change, responds to it, and exploits it as an opportunity.
Peter Drucker
And Social Entrepreneurship?
Creating social and/or ecological value
Social entrepreneurship is not a new phenomenon
Individuals and groups have been addressing social and ecological issues for centuries
Creating value Creating social and/or ecological value is
the success factor in social entrepreneurship
What about the financial return? If there is no surplus, it will be a short-
lived organization…. So – the organization has to have a
sustainable flow of resources Because – to create social and ecological
values you need long-term commitment
Why social entrepreneurship?
The public sector and the business sector have obviously been unable to handle the social and ecological challenges that communities all over the world are facing
Social entrepreneurship should be seen as a complement
Business
Public sector
Civil society
Social Entrepreneurship
Social entrepreneurship implies challenging sector boundaries – and cross-sector collaborationNGOs with business approachesSocial purpose business venturesPublic sector and civil society
partnershipsCross-sector projects
Components of social entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurs Innovations Oppurtunities/
needs Organizations
The social entrepreneurs
The focus have often been on the lone, ’heroic’ entrepreneur
But there are also examples of collaborative start-ups in social entrepreneurship
Citizens, users, visionaries, neighbours, clients and patients – or just a couple of friends – become entrepreneurs!
The social innovations
New ways of addressing social and/or ecological challenges
Often challenge existing welfare systems or notions of how society should be structured
Oppurtunities and needs
Social entrepreneurship is in general more driven by the ambition to satisfy pressing needs that business or the public are unable (or not interested) to meet
Organizations
Associations, foundations, cooperatives, open networks… No form of organization is disqualified
Control and ownership are crucial questions (not least in collaborative ventures)
Intrapreneurship is not uncommon Resources are often a mix of
financial and social capital
Baisikeli (Copenhagen)EXAMPLES
” When people in poverty become more mobile, they get an opportunity to create a better life - a life with access to healthcare, education and higher earnings. Baisikeli is a social enterprise in Denmark that manufactures, sells, repairs and rents bicycles for both residential and business, in order to fund more and larger African projects and transfer of Danish expertise.”
Apokalyps Labotek (Malmö)
EXAMPLES
” The work of Apokalyps Labotek is often related to issues concerning consumption, production and strategic development. The aim is to generate more knowledge and discussion in combination with fabrication and production of sustainable alternatives. In short, we think, know, do and make. Self-commissioned projects run parallel with collaborations with companies, institutions and people.”
Specialisterne (Denmark)EXAMPLES
” The majority of the employees in Specialisterne have a diagnosis on the autism spectrum, and work as consultants on tasks such as software testing, programming and data-entry for the corporate sector. At Specialisterne, people with autism work in an environment where they are presented with the best possible opportunities to reach their potential. They don’t have to learn to adapt to the usual working-environment norms, such as being a good team player, being empathetic, handling stress well and showing flexibility… Putting it simply; at Specialisterne, not fitting in is a good thing. The traits that usually exclude people with autism from the labour market are the very traits that make them valuable employees.”
Challenges
Need to develop support strucutures – local, national, international
Resist being pictured as ’nice people doing good’ – then social entrepreneurship becomes irrelevant. Social entrepreneurs are change agents!
The role of Academia?
Develop education – training in SE & SI
Better (more systematic) research Develop a culture of collaboration
with different stakeholders Offer a critical perspective Build and develop international
collaboration within education and research