1. Albert Bandura0 Albert Bandura was bornin Alberta, Canada in 19250 Doctorate studiesUniversity if Iowa.0 Interested in behavioristlearning theories0 Stanford University hebegan to examineinfluences of socialobservations and learningin more depth (FamousPeople Info, 2011)Image: (Famous People Info, 2011)

2. Social Cognitive TheoryBobo doll experiment: Adults were recorded being aggressive to bobo dollsChildren were shown the video and then allow to playin a room full of toysChildren were aggressive to the bobo doll just as theadults were in the video (Cherry, 2014). 3. Social Cognitive Theory0 Through his research,Bandura observed thatcomponents of learningoccur though observationand modeling behaviors0 This concept led to thetheoretical framework ofthe social cognitivelearning theory (FamousPeople Info, 2011). 4. Assumptions Of SocialCognitive Theory0 Learning occurs by observing others and modeling0 Internal processes and cognition of observed behavior mayor may not lead to a learned behavior ( learningperformance distinction).0 Behavior is goal directed- goals are set and behavior isdirected to accomplishing the goal (motivation driven)0 Behavior is eventually self-regulated0 Punishment and reinforcement have indirect effects on thelearning process (Hurst, 2014). 5. Reciprocal Causation ModelEnvironmentLearningBehavior Person 6. Environmentalfactors:Social modelsInstructionFeedbackPersonal factors:(cognitive)GoalsSense of efficacyAttributionsBehaviors: Process of self-regulationGoal progressMotivationsLearning (Zimmerman,1989). 7. Types of Learning:0 Enactive Learning- learning bydoing and is reinforced by theconsequences ofactions/outcomes0 Vicarious Learning- learningthrough observation notperformance (Hurst, 2014). 8. The Learning ProcessRequires:0 Attention0 Retention0 Reproduction0 Motivation 9. Social Cognitive Theory:Modeling0 Models can be realpeople (teachers,coaches etc.)0 Models can also comefrom media: books, TV,Magazines (symbolic)0 Models can influencebehavior: positively ornegatively (Schunk,2012). 10. Characteristics of ModelsModels, both real andsymbolic, have:0 Have prestige and power0 Models are competent0 Perform tasks well thatothers would like to beable to do (Hurst, 2014). 11. Modeling ExampleJohn Observers SallysucceedJohn Models SallysBehavior 12. Modeling ExampleSally did well on hertestBobby and Sue, Jennyand Jon want to dowell on the next test:they study harderafter seeing Sallysscore 13. Evaluation of Learning andBehavior0 Perceived self-efficacy0 Outcome expectations0 Goal Setting0 Self-evaluation0 Goal Progress0 Cognitive modeling0 Self-instruction(Schunk, 2012). 14. Summary PointsLearning/behavior occurs through:Models/modelingEfficacyReinforcementSelf-regulation 15. Strengths of Theory0 A great deal of learningoccurs from watchingothers0 Strong research to supporttheory0 People have considerablecontrol over behaviorslearning (motivation)(Hurst, 2014) 16. Weaknesses of Theory0 The theory is looselystructured0 Doesnt take emotionalresponses into account0 Ignores biological differencesbetween individuals geneticfactors0 Assumes that all behavior is aresult of modeling, notgenetics, illness, or otherinfluences (Flamand, 2014). 17. Applications Of The TheoryThink-Pare-Share: By modeling the process prior to the exercise, expectations and the goal of the exercisecan be set by the instructor. By interacting with peers, students can model behavior ofthose they feel are self-assured and this in turn increases self-efficacy The process goes something like this: a professor gives a lecture and then asksquestions about the material. Students are pared off in sets and allowed to discuss thematerial. Later the students voice a conclusion/answer following the collaborativediscussions (Karge, Phillips, Dodson, & McCabe, 2011). Benefits: Allows for students to participate in collaborative learning and peerinteraction allows for discussion. Students are more likely to model those who theyfeel are like them and competent in the area of studies (McLeod, 2011). 18. Application Of The TheoryScenario-based learning:This is the process of dividing students into small groupsand then providing a situational learning environment(example CPR).The instructor demonstrates the procedure of providingCPR and then students emulate the behavior. Feedback isprovided and students are able to self-correct. Studentsgain increased self-efficacy as they progress in the activity( Johnson, Dana, Jordan, Draeger, Schmitt-Olabisi, Reich,2012). 19. Application Of The TheoryThe use of discussion boards in distance learning programs:Peers have active discussions about various topicsStudents are engaged and encouraged by others posts and topicsSelf-efficacy increases, leading to better discussionThe use of video clips, pod casts, and audio clips enhance thelearning process by demonstrating concepts or tasks andallowing for modeling and better understanding (Hill, Song,West, 2009). 20. References0 Cherry, K. (2014). Social Learning Theory: How PeopleLearn By Observation. About Education Retrieved fromhttp://psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/sociallearning.htm0 Famous People Info. (2011). Albert Bandura: Theory Dollarand Miller. Retrieved fromhttp://famouspeopleinfo.com/albert-bandura-theory-dollar-and-miller/0 Flamand, L. (2014). Limitations of Social Cognitive Theory.Ehow. Retrieved fromhttp://www.ehow.com/about_5421206_limitations-social-cognitive-theory.html 21. ReferencesHurst, M. (2014). Social-Cognitive Learning Theory: Definition andExamples. Education Portal retrieved from http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/social-cognitive-learning-theory-definition-and-examples.html#lessonHill, J.R, Song, L., West, R. E. (2009). Social Learning Theory and Web-BasedLearning Environments: A Review of Research and Discussion ofImplications. The American Journal of Distance Education, 23:1-16Johnson, K. A., Dana, G., Jordan, N.R., Draeger, K.J., Kapuscinski, A., Schmitt-Olabisi, L.K., Reich, P.B. Using Participatory Scenarios to Simulate SocialLearning for Collaborative Sustainable Development. Ecology and Society,17(2). 22. ReferencesKarge, B.D., Phillips, K.M., Dodson, T.J. & McCabe, M. (2011).Effective Strategies for Engaging the Adult Learner. Journal ofCollege Teaching & Learning, vol. 8 (12), p. 53-57.McLeod, S.A. (2011). Social Learning Theory. Retrieved fromhttp://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.htmlSchunk, D.H. (2012). Learning Theories: An EducationalPerspective 6th ed, Allyn & Bacon Publishing, Boston, MA.Zimmerman, B. J. (1989). A Cognitive View of Self-RegulatedAcademic Learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3)329-39