Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart ...€¦ · 2 Socioeconomic Profile of the...
Transcript of Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart ...€¦ · 2 Socioeconomic Profile of the...
Social Assessment Report
of
Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System Project
Management office of Harbin Smart Public
Transportation System Construction Project
Oct 2013
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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 31 Sep 2013)
Currency unit – Yuan (CNY)
CNY 1.00 =$0.1627
$1.00 = CNY6.1480
ABBREVIATION
AH Affected Household
AP Affected Person
CNY Abbreviation for Yuan, PRC’s currency
DI Design Institute
EA Executing agency
EAR Environmental Assessment Report
FSR Feasibility Study Report
HCWSPTSP Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
Project
HH Household
HMDRC Harbin Municipal Development and Reform Commission
HMTB Harbin Municipal Transport Bureau
LAB Land Administration Bureau
LA&R Land Acquisition and Resettlement
LAO Land Acquisition Office
LPMO Local Project Management Office
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
mu Chinese land area unit of measure: 1 mu = 0.0667 ha
NGO Non-Government Organization
PMO Project Management Office
PRC People’s Republic of China
RMB Renminbi—another word for the PRC Currency, the Yuan
RAP Resettlement Action Plan
SA Social Assessment
SES Socioeconomic Survey
WB World Bank
NOTES
(i) The fiscal year of the Government of the People’s Republic of China and its
agencies ends on 31 December.
(ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars and “¥” refers to CNY or Yuan
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
Content
1 Background ..................................................................................... 1
1.1 Project Description .............................................................................. 1
1.2 Tasks and Objectives of Social Assessment ..................................... 5
1.2.1 Tasks of Social Assessment .................................................... 5
1.2.2 Objectives of Social Assessment ............................................. 6
1.3 Bases of Social Assessment ............................................................... 6
1.4 Scope of Social Assessment and its Main Contents ......................... 8
1.4.1 Scope of Social Assessment ................................................... 8
1.4.2 Main Contents of Social Assessment ...................................... 9
1.5 Process of Investigation .................................................................... 10
2 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area and the Project
Introduction .................................................................................................. 16
2.1 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area ...................................... 16
2.1.1 Introduction of the Project Area ............................................. 16
2.1.2 Women and Children ............................................................. 19
2.1.3 Disabled ................................................................................. 21
2.1.4 Elderly .................................................................................... 22
2.1.5 Floating Population ................................................................ 22
2.1.6 Poverty .................................................................................. 23
2.1.7 Ethnic Minorities .................................................................... 24
2.2 Project Area ........................................................................................ 25
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
2.2.1 Areas Directly Affected by Land Acquisition and House
Demolition 25
2.2.2 Beneficial Areas ..................................................................... 28
2.3 The Roles and Impacts of Urban Planning and Policies to the Project
34
2.4 Analysis on the Role of Governments in the Project ...................... 37
2.4.1 The Evaluation of Government Fulfilling Its Management
Functions 38
2.4.2 The Evaluation of the Role of Governments as a Public
Investor 40
3 Social Impact Analysis ................................................................. 42
3.1 Project Impacts at Economic Dimensions ....................................... 42
3.1.1 Regional Economy ................................................................. 42
3.1.2 Residents’ Income and Distribution ....................................... 43
3.1.3 Employment ........................................................................... 44
3.1.4 Infrastructure and Social Services ......................................... 45
3.1.5 Urbanization........................................................................... 45
3.1.6 Vulnerable Groups ................................................................. 47
3.2 Project Impacts at Social Dimensions .............................................. 48
3.2.1 Social Environment .................................................................. 48
3.2.2 Cultural Heritage .................................................................... 49
3.2.3 Religious Facilities and Worship Facilities ............................. 50
3.2.4 Analysis on Special Impacts .................................................. 50
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
3.3 Project Environmental Impacts ......................................................... 53
3.4 Other Impacts ..................................................................................... 54
4. Stakeholder Analysis .................................................................... 56
4.1 Main Stakeholders Identification ...................................................... 56
4.1.1 Process of stakeholders identification .................................... 56
4.1.2 Category and analysis of the stakeholders ............................ 60
4.2 Requirements of Main Stakeholders.................................................... 62
4.2.1 Government of Harbin City .................................................... 62
4.2.2 Leader Group of HCWSPTSPand PMO of Harbin City .......... 63
4.2.3 Other Agencies of Government ............................................. 64
4.2.4 Implementation Agencies ......................................................... 65
4.2.5 Impacted Groups ................................................................... 67
4.2.6 Public transport Travellers ..................................................... 67
4.2.7 Special Groups ...................................................................... 69
4.3 Project Impact Analysis to Stakeholders ......................................... 76
4.3.1 Government of Harbin City .................................................... 76
4.3.2 PMO of Harbin City .................................................................. 76
4.3.3 Other Agencies of Government ............................................. 76
4.3.4 Implementation Agency ......................................................... 77
4.3.5 Groups Impacted by the Land Requisition ............................. 77
4.3.6 Public transport Travellers ..................................................... 78
4.3.7 Special Groups ...................................................................... 78
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
5. Mutual Adaptability Analysis of the Project and the Local
Society 79
5.1 The Mutual Adaptabilities of Different Stakeholders and the Project
79
5.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Organizations,
Social Structures ............................................................................................... 83
5.2.1 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local
Organizations ........................................................................................... 83
5.2.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Social Structures
87
5.3 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Technology,
Culture Conditions ............................................................................................. 89
5.3.1 Whether Local Technology Meet The Requirements of Project
89
5.3.2 Whether Cultural Conditions Conflict with The Project .......... 90
6. Social Risk Analysis ..................................................................... 91
6.1. Identification of Social Risk ........................................................... 91
6.1.1 Social Risks in the Early Phase of Projects .......................... 91
6.1.2 Social Risks during Construction Phase ............................... 93
6.1.3 Social Risks during Operation Phase ................................... 96
6.2. Mitigating Measures ..................................................................... 101
6.2.1 Measures for Risk Mitigating at Early Stage of Project ....... 101
6.2.2 Risk Aversion Measures During Construction..................... 103
6.2.3 Risk Aversion Measures During the Operation ................... 108
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
7. The Sustainability Analysis of the Project ................................ 110
7.1. The Sustainability Analysis of the Social Benefit ....................... 110
7.2. The Sustainability Analysis of the finance .................................. 114
7.3. The Sustainability Analysis of the Technologies and
Organizations ................................................................................................... 118
7.4. The Sustainability Analysis of the Economy .............................. 120
8. Planning and Implementation of Social Management ............. 121
8.1. Social Management Plan of the Project ...................................... 121
8.1.1 Develop Resettlement policy framework ............................. 121
8.1.2 Social Impact Mitigation Plan of the Project during
Construction ........................................................................................... 121
8.1.3 Social Impact Mitigation Plan during Operation of the Project
123
8.1.4 Developing Traffic Safety Management Plan ...................... 124
8.1.5 Vulnerable Groups (Old and Sick Pregnant, etc.) Care Plans
124
8.1.6 Stakeholder participation plan............................................. 125
8.1.7 Early involvement of relevant government departments ..... 133
8.1.8 Early Involvement of Traffic Management Bureau .............. 133
8.1.9 Early Participation in the Transport Sector ......................... 134
8.1.10 Early Involvement of Ordinary Urban Residents ............... 135
8.2. Implementation of Social Management Plan ............................... 139
8.2.1 Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building ............... 139
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
8.2.2 Implementation Plan ........................................................... 142
8.2.3 Emergency Plans ................................................................ 143
9. Monitoring and Evaluation Implementation of Social
Management Plan ...................................................................................... 145
9.1. Monitoring Agencies .................................................................... 145
9.2. Monitoring Steps and Content ..................................................... 146
9.2.1 Monitoring Steps ................................................................. 146
9.2.2 Monitoring contents ............................................................ 146
9.3. Indicator System ........................................................................... 147
9.4. Monitoring and Evaluation Report ............................................... 149
10. Conclusions and Suggestions ................................................ 150
10.1. Conclusions ............................................................................... 150
10.1.1 The construction of project will promote local sustainable
development. ......................................................................................... 150
10.1.2 Most residents support the construction of the project ...... 150
10.1.3 Implementation of the project will be beneficial to the
development of vulnerable groups ......................................................... 150
10.1.4 Public participation policy has been preliminary established
151
10.1.5 Projects have little impact on ethnic minorities .................. 151
10.2. Suggestions ............................................................................... 151
10.2.1 Further strengthen public participation .............................. 151
10.2.2 Increase the Transparency of Project Information ............ 151
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
10.2.3 Measures and Suggestions to Promote the Anti-poverty .. 152
10.2.4 Recommendations for specific project construction content
153
10.2.5 Mitigation Measures and Suggestions for Environment
Impact during The Construction ............................................................. 156
10.2.6 Suggestions to Intensify The Unified Management of Bus
System 156
Annex 1 Social Investigation Questionnaire of Project ................... 158
Annex 2 The Taxi Driver Social Investigation Questionnaire ......... 168
Annex 3 Social Investigation Questionnaire for Traffic Police ....... 171
Annex 4 Social Investigation Questionnaire about Floating
Population .................................................................................................. 175
Annex 5 Bus drivers investigation questionnaire ............................ 177
Annex 6 Summarizes of Questionnaire Investigation on Social
Assessment ................................................................................................ 180
Annex 7 First public participation meeting minutes ..................... 263
Annex 8 Second public participation meeting ................................. 265
Annex 9 Interview Location: Harbin City Hongqiao Junior High
School ......................................................................................................... 266
Annex 10 Interview Location: Harbin Hongqiao first primary School
..................................................................................................................... 268
Annex 11 Interview Location: Harbin Huaxing Primary School ...... 269
Annex 12 Committee on Aging Symposium..................................... 269
Annex 13 Harbin Daoli District Disabled discussion ....................... 273
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
Annex 14 Harbin Low-income groups forum ................................... 275
Annex 15 Harbin City Women's Symposium .................................... 276
Annex 16 Harbin City Women's Forum 2 .......................................... 279
Annex 17 Heilongjiang Flying Wing Transportation Company
Interview ..................................................................................................... 282
Annex 18 Heilongjiang Longyun Modern Limited (Taxi) Interview . 284
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
1
1 Background
1.1 Project Description
With the development of Harbin city, the number of motor vehicles
increase rapidly. Meanwhile, the urban transport issues, with the most typical
characteristics as urban congestion, become prominent gradually which need
to resolve in an immediate way. Based on the spirit of “The Twelfth Five-Year
Economic and Social Development Plan of Harbin City”, and considering the
actual requirements of traffic development, Harbin municipal government
established a development strategic with the priority to public transport, and
proposed to build a smart public transport system which can enhance the
development of regional economy, society, urban environment, and urban
development through the construction sustainable transportation.
Accordingly, the Harbin municipal government intends to loan from World
Bank, to carry out Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
Project (hereinafter called the Project or HCWSPTSP). The overall goal of this
project is taking the scientific development concept as the guiding ideology,
facing the extremely cold weather in the city, by developing people-oriented,
transit-oriented, efficient and safe, low-carbon environmental protection,
sustainable economic and convenient public transportation system, with the
features of low energy consumption, low pollution, low land occupation, low
travel costs and low financial burden, actively responding to the urban
transportation problems caused by the extremely cold weather, urbanization,
and motorization superimposing, and promoting the sustainable development
of urban transport, which may also provide metropolitan public transportation
development in extremely cold regions with available successful practices and
case that can be implemented, learned from, and can promoted. And finally it
would provide an important transportation security for the realization of
economic revitalization of Heilongjiang Province.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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The total investment of the project is 1.4 billion Yuan, of which 610 million
Yuan (100 million USD) will be loaned from World Bank and the remaining part
of the money is solved by the local government’s counterpart funding that
accounted for 57.02%.
According to the project feasibility study report (FSR), this project includes
the following aspects:
A. Bus priority corridors project, including: Bus priority corridors of Youyi
Road (Highway Bridge-Tonggang Street), Hongqi Street (Dongzhi
Road-Jinxiang Street) and Xinyang Road (Xiangzheng Street-Jincheng Street).
The main construction contains road engineering, drainage engineering,
landscape engineering and other subsidiary engineering of bus priority
corridors;
B. Public transport infrastructure projects, including: the public transport
infrastructure construction that contains the construction of Xiangbin Road
terminal station, first and last bus stations of Hexie Road and Qunli First Road;
bus procurement, 200 environmental protection and energy saving buses ;
C. Transport management and security construction projects, including:
the construction of bus priority, road safety system and control system, the
construction of bus priority, road safety monitoring and law enforcement
system, the construction of bus priority and the road safety scheduling
command center;
D. Road maintenance and emergency response construction projects,
including: construction of bus priority road and geographic information
management system, and purchases of special motor vehicles for traffic
safety;
E. Institutional capacity building projects, including: Training for
transportation and safety management personnel, Institutional capacity to
strengthen the project management institution.
The project logical framework is showed in Figure 1-1.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Figure 1-1 Project Framework
In order to do a good job in the HCWSPTSP Loaned by World Bank, Harbin
City People's Government set up the project construction leading group,
constituted by the main leaders of the Harbin Municipal Development and
Reform Commission(HMDRC), Harbin Municipal Construction Committee,
Harbin Municipal Transportation Bureau(HMTB), the Municipal Finance Bureau,
the Municipal Planning Bureau, the Municipal Land Administration Bureau, the
Municipal Urban Management Bureau, the Municipal Public Security Traffic
Management Bureau, the Municipal Transportation Group, and Harbin Urban
Construction Investment Group co., LTD, The Institutional structure of the
project is showed in Figure 1-2.
Public Transport Infrastructure Construction
Construction of
Buses
Bus Intelligence
Traffic Management and Safety Construction Project
Bus Priority and Road Safety Control Systems
Construction of Bus Priority and Road Safety
Monitoring and Enforcement
Bus Priority and Road Safety Dispatching Center
Bus Priority Corridors
Bus Priority Corridors Construction
Bus Priority Corridors Intelligence
Road Maintenance and Emergency Response Construction
Construction of Test Equipment for Roads and
B id
Construction of Road Maintenance System
Construction of Emergency Response System
Institutional Capacity Building
Study on urban transportation construction
financing and strategies to
improve public transport
Study on the comprehensive
emergency management strategies of
inclement weather
Public transportation
and safety management
training
Strengthen the capacity of
project management
institution
Domestic and international research and
training
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Figure 1-2 Figure of the Institutional Structure of the Project
Harbin Municipal Transportation Bureau takes the lead of this project. The
construction of the project will last for 5 years, from January 2014 to April 2018,
about 52 months totally.
The benefit area of the project is Harbin City in Heilongjiang Province, but
the specific content of the project is concentrated in the central urban area of
Harbin.1
1 The central urban area of Harbin means administrative jurisdictions including Nangang District, Daoli
District, Daowai District, Xiangfang District, Pingfang District and Songbei District.
Leading group of the Construction Project of Harbin Smart Public Transportation System under Extremely
Office of leading group of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation
system project
Project management office of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public
Transportation System Project
Subproject implementation
Institutional Capacity Building
Bus Priority Corridors Project
Public Transport Infrastructure project
Transport management and security construction project
Road Maintenance and Emergency Response Construction Project
Instruct
Coordinate
Supervise and guide
Municipal government
Development and Reform Commission
Planning Bureau
Finance Bureau
Land Resources Bureau
Environmental Protection Bureau
Housing and Urban Construction
Transportation Bureau
Urban Management Bureau
Public Security & Traffic Management Bureau
Coordinating
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Figure 1-3 Geographical Location Map and Administrative Zoning Map for Harbin City
1.2 Tasks and Objectives of Social Assessment
1.2.1 Tasks of Social Assessment
A. Investigate and understand the social economic status of the project
area;
B. Identify the stakeholders of the project, carry out the mutual
adoptability analysis;
C. Identify the positive and negative effects may generated during the
implementation and operation process of the project, take vulnerable groups
and target groups and their appealing to the project into special consideration;
D. Design/carry out extensive and effective ways and channels for public
participation, develop plans for information disclosure and public participation,
to make sure that varies stakeholders can participate in all processes of the
project effectively, and insert their reasonable suggests and requirements into
project design in time, in order to achieve the project goal of inclusive
development manner;
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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E. Put forward measures to eliminate or reduce negative impact, social
management plan and risk monitoring program.
1.2.2 Objectives of Social Assessment
The main purpose of the social assessment is to identify the various
possible social impacts and social risks, make recommendations to eliminate
or minimize the social negative effects produced by the implementation of the
project and increase the positive social impact. During the project preparation
stage, adopt the participatory approach, listen to the demands of different
interest groups, achieve the project tasks and benefit more different
stakeholders, promote the development in project areas inclusively;
The project preparation, design, construction and operational
management meet the project area socio-economic development goals, local
circumstances and specific development needs of the target population;
provide people in the project area with wider development; improve the social,
economic, environmental effect of project implementation and make the
project to contribute to the project of regional social development goals;
promote the coordinated development of population, society, economy and
environment; meanwhile, but also for better implement the Safeguard Polices
of World Bank and all the rights specified in the policy of the affected
population in the project and carry out the scientific development of
"five-in-one" policy in China at the same time.
1.3 Bases of Social Assessment
Social assessment of the project adheres to the people-oriented concept
of development; adheres to objectivity, impartiality, fairness, legality,
democracy and scientific principle, and strives to minimize project social risk
and maximize project social benefit.
Social assessment of the project is based on the relevant laws,
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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regulations, and policies of the Nation, Heilongjiang Province, and Harbin City,
regard the World Bank’s “five focuses” as the key point of social analysis
project, which include social diversity and gender, institutions, regulations and
behavior, stakeholders, participation and social risks. As the focus of project
social analysis, social risks are implemented gradually through adopting the
assessment method of overall process, participation and various angles.
Specifically shown in table 1-1:
Table 1-1 Base of Social Assessment
Type Name Enacted time
Policies of WB
The World Bank operations manual——OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary Immigrants
Dec.2001
The World Bank operations manual--Business
policy OP4.10 Minorities Jul.2005
The World Bank operations manual——OP 4.00 Environment and Social Security Problem under the Pilot Use by the Borrower Countries Treat the Project Loaned by the World Bank
Mar.2005
The World Bank operations manual--OP 4.11
Cultural Relics Aug.1999
Resettlement Monitoring and Evaluation Manual for the Project Loaned by the World in China (Discussion paper)
Jun.2000
Laws and regulations in China
The Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China
Aug.2004
The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China
Dec.1989
The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution
Feb. 2008
The Women's Rights and Interests Protection Act of the People's Republic of China
1st Oct.1992
The Government Information Disclosure Ordinance of the People's Republic of China
Jun.2007
Name Unit
Industry docu
Social Assessment Manual for Investment
Projects in China
China International
Engineering Consulting
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
8
Type Name Enacted time ments
Corporation
Guideline for the Feasibility Study of Investment
Projects
China International Engineering Consulting Corporation
Project data
Master plan in Harbin City Twelfth Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Harbin City
“Twelfth five” Environment Protection Plan in Harbin City
Project Proposal of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project
Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center Beijing China Consulting Overseas Consulting co., LTD
Feasibility Study Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project
Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center Beijing China Consulting Overseas Consulting co., LTD
Environmental impact assessment of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project
Environment ASTRI in Heilongjiang Province
1.4 Scope of Social Assessment and its Main Contents
1.4.1 Scope of Social Assessment
The scope of social assessment of the project is the project’s influence
area and benefit area. The influence area of the project is the main urban area
of Harbin; the benefit area is the whole Harbin City. To the influence area, the
SA mainly investigates and analyzes the negative effects to groups in the area
and surrounding area, which include the category of this effect, the extent of
this effect and the measures and suggestions of reducing this effect. To the
benefit area, the SA mainly investigates and analyzes the positive effects
bringing by the construction of the project, and maximizes the benefits.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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In order to get the objective, it is neceaasry to investigate and research
the main social problems in the project area, including social and economic
status in project area, social and economic problems, social security policy,
and the duty performance of the management and implementation institution in
project area, specifically issues such as social gender issues, ethnic and
religious issues, vulnerable groups issues, environment issues, employment
issues, social security issues, land acquisition and relocation issues may be
involved because of the site selection, etc. are all in the range of the social
assessment.
1.4.2 Main Contents of Social Assessment
The social assessment of the project mainly includes: social analysis
(Social Impact Analysis of the project, the stakeholder analysis, analysis of
social adaptability, social risk analysis of the project, project sustainability
analysis), assessment of the public functions of government in project
construction, social management plan and implementation of monitoring and
evaluation etc.
Favorable social impacts of this project mainly show as follow: Project
outputs are important urban public infrastructures, they are the basic elements
of urban production, urban economic and social development. Project
construction can guarantee public traffic supply in Harbin City; improve the
public transport situation of Harbin City, improve people's living standard and
life quality, promote economic and social development.
Adverse social impacts of this project mainly show as follows: different
interest groups such as residents (especially vulnerable groups among them),
enterprises and institutions may be adversely affected in the project area; With
the gradual increase of municipal infrastructure construction level and product
quality standard, it will bring about changes in social services or the price of
public goods, which may increase the economical burden of the poor or
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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vulnerable groups in the urban.
The key points of social assessment of the project are: Understand the
feelings, attitudes and needs of Project beneficiaries on the project
construction (Especially the public transport needs in the winter cold season),
understand their willingness and ability to pay; the land expropriation and
housing demolition and resettlement activities that may involved in the project
should be concerned, analysis and evaluation of the negative impacts on the
impaired groups of the project, propose a reasonable compensation measures
and means; In the process of bus-product updates and files, analysis of the
different groups of the willingness and ability to pay, balance the problems of
the public transportation costs; seek the views and demands of the projects for
specific groups(Old, weak, sick, disabled, women, migrants, etc.), consider
and absorb their recommendations in the design of the project (the platform,
road, signal, command and control system); should provide policy support to
the poor or vulnerable groups, help them to alleviate the economic pressure,
they can also benefit from the project.
1.5 Process of Investigation
Public Administration School of Hohai University undertakes the SA work
of the project that commissioned by Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion
Bureau (commissioned by Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center
in the earlier stage), and carries out the first field investigation from Mar. 19th
to Mar. 30th, 2013.
The purpose of the survey is to target stakeholder travel status, traffic
safety awareness and education will, transportation infrastructure construction
will and their views of the project. Determine the project's main stakeholders
and their interaction with the project, including what kind of influence of the
proposed project will affect them, and their influence may be applied to the
project.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Collect the part of the official data and information; carry out the
questionnaire of the SA of the project, interview and symposium and survey all
the proposed sites of the project during field investigation.
The literature and data collected, included: Statistical Yearbook of the
past three years, the aging population, women and other special data in Harbin
City, the latest project proposal, project pre-feasibility study report and some
special planning reports etc.
Perform random sample surveys which focus on residents, passengers,
taxi drivers, bus drivers and traffic police etc. that in the scope of the proposed
projects, three bus priority corridors, first and last stop, transfer center and
other related sub-project included. There are a total of 580 questionnaires
were given out (500 combination questionnaires, 30 questionnaires for bus
driver, 50 questionnaires for foreogn population inside) and all questionnaires
are valid. Questionnaires were used in open, closed and semi-open
semi-enclosed three forms in order to reflect the respondents’ views accurately,
objectively and comprehensively.
Research group organized a number of special meetings for public
participation (the elderly, women, disabled, etc.), successively performed the
discussion or the special interview with Traffic bureau, Finance Bureau, Ethnic
and Religious Affairs Bureau, the Bureau of Civil Affairs, Senior Citizens' Work
Committee, the Women’s Federation, Federation of the Disabled, Education
Bureau, bus companies (including state-run and privately-owned), taxi
companies, etc. during field investigation.
Use participant observation, interview with three schools along the line
and some potential sensitive points (residential quarters, religious places,
hospitals, shopping malls and others) during field investigation.
Also, SA team surveyed some of the projects' addresses (first and last
stop, parking protection sites) and conducted a symposium with relative units.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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The SA group not only makes more people know about the basic information
of the project, but also collects the residents’ opinion and suggestions directly
by questionnaire survey. The SA group gains the first hand information,
understands the situation, requirements and suggestions of direct
stakeholders by investigating the project site and visiting the residents,
advertise the purpose and the expected effect of the project correctly,
eliminate their worries due to the misunderstand of the project. The detailed
investigation process is listed in table 1-2.
Table 1-2 Investigation Process
Investigation process
A. During the period from 15th Mar.2013 to 30th Mar.2013, questionnaire
investigation group carried out the questionnaire investigation.
B. 19th Mar.2013, public participated in the meeting.
The director of HMDRC, relative people in foreign affairs office of HMDRC, previous
department of Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center, Traffic Management
Bureau, Transport Department, Urban Management Bureau, the Planning Bureau in Harbin
City, International Engineering Consulting Center, Hohai University, Environment ASTRI of
Heilongjiang Province attended the meeting. The meeting introduced the HCWSPTSP,
explained the work that should be accomplished by each department.
C. 20th Mar. 2013, public participated in the meeting for the second time.
The director of HMDRC, relative people in foreign affairs office of HMDRC, previous
department of Harbin International Engineering Consulting Center, delegates from each
department (Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau, the Women’s Federation, the Bureau of
Civil Affairs, Federation of the Disabled, Senior Citizens' Work Committee, Tourism Bureau,
Land Resources Bureau, Finance Bureau, Price Bureau, The Environmental Protection
Agency, Traffic bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Education Bureau),
SA group from Hohai University attended the meeting. The director of HPDRC introduced
the Harbin cold weather smart cold transportation system project to all the delegates, SA
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Investigation process
group from Hohai University introduced the SA work, and arranged the visiting time to each
department.
D. 22th Mar.2013, elderly participated in the meeting.
The director and the deputy director of Human Rights Commissioner of Senior Citizens'
Work Committee attended the meeting. During the meeting, the elderly delegates provided
their suggestion in terms of problems they met while taking the buses.
E. 22nd Mar.2013, pupils and middle school students participated in the meeting.
Visit Harbin Hongqiao junior high school, Harbin Hongqiao first primary school, Harbin
xinghua primary school. Understand the present situation of these schools, the
requirements and problems of primary and middle school students while taking the buses
from each headmaster.
F. 25th Mar.2013, welfare group participated in the meeting.
The section chief of the Bureau of Civil Affairs, the section chief of Fushun Street Office,
welfare delegates attended the meeting. The meeting knew the views and suggestions of
welfare group to the project.
G. Morning in 26th Mar.2013, women participated in the meeting.
The chairman and vice-chairman of the Women’s Federation of Daowai District and
other eleven women delegates attended the meeting. These eleven women delegates came
from different positions and put forward their views and suggestions in terms of macro and
micro.
H. Afternoon in 26th Mar.2013, bus company participated in the meeting.
We visited the Harbin head bus company. Manager of the company, Minister of Ministry
of information operations, and leaders of each fleet attended the meeting. We acknowledge
the basic situation and operation situation of the company, their views to project and
problems hope to be solved.
I. Morning in 27th Mar.2013, women participated in the meeting for the second time.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
14
Investigation process
Twelve women delegates from different position, have different standard of education,
and covered the large age span. In the meeting, they put forward a lot of views and opinions
in terms of requirements of women.
J. Afternoon in 27th Mar.2013, privately owned companies participated in the
meeting.
Visited Feiyi Passenger Transportation Company. The manage introduced the basic
situation of the company, problems existed during operation; they showed support to the
project and put forward some suggestions at the same time.
K. Morning in 28th Mar.2013, the disabled participated in the meeting.
L. Afternoon in 28th Mar.2013, survey the first and last stop and the parking
protection sites).
Investigated the first road comprehensive hub station in Qunli, Haxi No. 3 first and last
stop, a hub station, bus stop on Xiangbin Road, and acknowledged the situation of sites
surrounding the construction site.
M. 29th Mar. 2013, interviewed the taxi company.
Visited Heilongjiang Xiandai Co., LTD. The deputy manager introduced the basic
situation and put forward reasonable suggestion. He said the construction of roads and the
intelligent system was very helpful to the operation of cab companies.
On July 9, 2013, participated in the project preparation meeting that mainly
focus on coordinating and boosting the project, and communicated with
feasibility study units, EIA units and owners.
On July 19, 2013, updated the SA report based on the latest feasibility study
report.
From August 1 to 13, 2013, carried out the complementary investigation in
the changed sites and updated SA report according to the latest feasibility
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
15
study report.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
16
2 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area and the Project
Introduction
2.1 Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area
2.1.1 Introduction of the Project Area
Harbin is located in east longitude 125°42'-130°10', north latitude
44°04'-46°40', the northeast of China northern areas, the south of Heilongjiang
Province, and is the capital of Heilongjiang Province. Harbin is located in the
center of the northeast Asia, is known as the pearl of the Eurasian continental
bridge, is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the
northern part of northeast, one of the four big center cities in northern China,
and is also the mega city whose jurisdiction of the land area is the largest, and
jurisdiction of the population is the second. Total area of Harbin City is 53,100
km2, has jurisdiction of 8 districts and 7 counties, and escrows S3 county-level
cities. Harbin is famous historical and cultural city and tourist city in China,
always has laudatory names such as “the eldest son of the Republic of China”,
“city of ice”, “pearl under swan’s neck”, “Oriental Moscow” and “ Oriental Small
Paris” and “ice city in summer”, etc.
Harbin is located in the northernmost of China, is the metropolis with the
highest latitude and the lowest temperature. Harbin has four distinct seasons,
whose winter is long and cold, but summer is cool and short. The air
temperature changes quickly in spring and autumn, both of the two seasons
are transition season, and the time of the two seasons is short. Concentrated
rainfall period is from Jul. to Aug. every year in Harbin, concentration of snow
period is from Nov. to Jun. next year. The average annual temperature is 3.6℃.
The coldest Jun., the average temperature is 13.2℃ to 24.8℃ below zero,
the hottest Jul., the average temperature is 18.1℃ to 22.8℃.
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In 2011, there are 107 street agencies, 765 community residents'
committees, 112 town governments, 70 township governments and 1883
villagers committees in the whole city of Harbin. The urban area of Harbin is
divided into Daoli District, Daowai District, Nangang District, Pingfang District,
Songbei District, Hulan District and Acheng District, there are 107 street
agencies, 629 community residents' committees, 33 town governments, 7
township governments and 484 villagers committees in eight main urban
areas.
In 2011, GDP in Harbin is 424.22 billion, had an increase of 12.3% over
the previous year, among them, the first industry realized the added value of
44.72 billion yuan, with an increase of 7.0%, the second industry realized the
added value of 164.72billion yuan, with an increase of 14.4%, the third industry
realized the added value of 214.78 billion yuan, with an increase of 12.0%.
Non-state ownership economy accounts for 52.7% of the city's GDP. The
share of the three industries adjusted from 11.3:37.8:50.9 last year to
10.5:38.8:50.7. The contribution rate of the first, second, third industry to
increase is 6.4%, 44.2% and 49.4% respectively. Per capita GDP is 42,736
yuan, had an increase of 12.2% over the previous year.
In 2011, the fixed assets investment in the whole society is 301.2 billion
yuan. The total amount of import and export is $5.12 billion, including import
amount $2.26 billion and export amount $2.86 billion. In 2011, per capita GDP
reached 42,736 yuan. In 2011, the local general budget revenue is 30.03
billion yuan, had an increase of 26.1% over the previous year. The fiscal
general spending is 30.03 billion yuan, had an increase of 23.0% over the
previous year. Urban and rural residents per capita disposable income was
20,031 yuan, had an increase of 14.1% over the previous year. Farmers per
capita net income is 9,608 yuan, had an increase of 19.8%
In the end of 2011, the population of the whole Harbin City is 9.9327
million, including 4.7152 million people in urban area, 5.2175 million people in
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counties (cities) administered by Harbin City.
Table 2-1 Situation of Social and Economic in Harbin City (2009—2011)
No. Index Unit 2009 2010 2011
1 Registered population
Million people
9.9159 9.9202 9.9327
Among them: non-agricultural population
Ten thousand people
47.701 47.577 47.645
2 GDP
Billion yuan
317.55 366.49 424.22
2.1 First industry
Billion yuan
39.91 41.27 44.72
2.2 Second industry
Billion yuan
114.82 138.46 164.72
2.3 Among them: industrial added value
Billion yuan
83.77 102.16 119.72
2.3 Third industry
Billion yuan
162.83 186.76 214.78
3 The fixed asset investment of the whole society
Billion yuan
189.21 265.19 301.20
4 Industrial sales value
Billion yuan
287.40 338.97 390.49
5 Social total retail sales of consumer goods
Billion yuan
150.79 177.02 207.04
6 The actual use of foreign capital
Billion $ 622.02 700.10 794.04
7 Local fiscal revenue
Billion yuan
19.34 23.81 30.03
8 Urban per capita disposable income
Yuan 15,887 17,557 20,031
9 Per capita net income of rural residents
Yuan 6,776 8,020 9,608
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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2.1.2 Women and Children
Women account for half of the country's population, are important force in
economic and social development. It is intrinsic motivation and important way
to realize the women's liberation by maintaining women's rights with the
development and promoting women's development with the safeguard of legal
human rights. It is great significant to the development of national economic
and the progress of social civilization in China by safeguarding the rights and
interests of women, promoting women's development and promoting the
equality between men and women.
Childhood is the key period to people's physical and psychological
development. It provides necessary condition to children development, gives
children necessary protection, nursing and good education, and will lay the
important foundation for the whole life development.
Harbin Women and Children Work Committee is the deliberation and
coordination agency of women and children work in Harbin. It takes charge of
coordinating and promoting governments at all levels and relevant
departments to carry out laws and regulations Conscientiously, such as The
Protection of Women's Rights of The People's Republic of China, Law of
Mother and Infant Health Care, Labor Law, etc., implement the Program of
China's Women Development, Women Development Planning in Heilongjiang
Province (2011-2015), Children Development Planning in Heilongjiang
Province (2011-2015) and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women
and children.
Sex ratio in project area in 2011 is 106.22:100 (set 100 for women, the
proportion of men to women).
Table 2-2 Basic Situation of Women Population in Project Area
County 2009 2010 2011
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(city)
Female household population
The proportion of female household population
Female household population
The
proportion of
female
household
population
Female
househol
d
populatio
n
The
proportion
of female
household
population
The Whole
City 4,889,692 49.3%
4,910,734
49.5% 4,926,464
49.6%
Urban Area 2,360,269 49.7% 2,368,029
50.2% 2,372,150
50.3%
Nangang District
504,942 49.9% 503,878 51.2% 505,416 50.7%
Daoli District
362,193 50.8% 363,760 50.5% 367,678 51.4%
Daowai District
346,489 50.3% 346,437 50.4% 348,708 50.6%
Songbei District
98,965 48.8% 96,624 49.5% 99,056 49.8%
Xiangfang District
374,576 48.8% 385,329 50.4% 379,320 50.4%
Pingfang District
79,744 49.6% 80,103 49.7% 79,762 49.7%
Hulan District
304,629 49.1% 304,015 49.0% 305,421 49.2%
Aching District
288,731 49.6% 287,880 49.5% 286,789 49.5%
Source: The year-book of Harbin City
All counties in project area has accessed to compulsory education
universally, and put forward the Poverty Student Grants for Solicitation and
Management of Usage of Compulsory Education in Harbin City, Notification
about that Free Miscellaneous Fees, Provide Free Textbooks, and Sent out A
Boarding Subsidy to Students from Poor Families in Rural Area during
Compulsory Education Phase, Notification about that during Students in
Families Who Enjoy Minimum Life Ensures Policy enjoy the policy “two free
one filling” during Compulsory Education Phase in The Urban Area and
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Provide Grant to Students from Farmers Families Who are Migrant Workers
and Whose Economy Is Particularly Difficult, and Interim Administration
Measures for Going to School during Compulsory Education Phase for Migrant
Workers in Harbin, published Opinions on promoting the reform and
development of vocational education, decided to establish poverty student
grants to secondary vocational education in our city. It improves the enrollment
rate of school-age children, and eliminates gender difference in basic
education on the whole. According to the statistics by the Bureau of Education
in Harbin, in 2011, there are 824 all kinds of schools in urban area of Harbin,
the number of enrollment students in all levels and all kinds of schools is
1,017,075, the enrollment rates of elementary school and junior high school
are both reach 100%. Table 2-3 below is the basic situation of children
enrollment in the urban area of Harbin.
Table 2-3 The Basic Situation of Children Enrollment in Urban Area of Harbin
Education Unit 2009 2010 2011 Students in school Person 997,096 997,980 1,017,075 General high school Person 459,122 471,700 471,652 Secondary school Person 238,815 235,383 230,519 Elementary school Person 193,510 190,461 189,480
2.1.3 Disabled
Disabled means that the people, whose organization and function is lost
or not normal in terms of psychology, physiology and body structure, loss all or
part of the ability of engaging in some activities in a normal way. Disabled
include visual disabilities, hearing disabilities, speech disabilities, physical
disabilities, intelligent disabilities, mental disabilities, multiple disabilities and
other disabilities. According to the sampling survey report of second national
handicapped person on 28th May. 2007, there are 556,000 all kinds of disabled
in Harbin, account for 5.72% of the population. Until now, there are 190,946
disabled have get the certificate, including 19,066 visual disabilities, account
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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for 9.98% of the whole disabilities who get the certificate; 11.935 hearing
disabilities, account for 6.25% of the whole disabilities get the certificate;
123,413 physical disabilities, account for 64.6% of the whole disabilities get the
certificate; 17,412 intelligent disabilities, account for 9.1% of the whole
disabilities get the certificate; 10,597 mental disabilities, account for 5.54% of
the whole disabilities get the certificate; 5,625 multiple disabilities, account for
2.94% of the whole disabilities get the certificate;
2.1.4 Elderly
In China, citizens older than 60 years old are elderly. Until the end of 2012,
the elderly population is 1.5423 million in Harbin, accounts for 15.52% of the
total population, in 2006, according to 21 national ministries and commissions
Opinions on Strengthening The Elderly Preferential Treatment Work,
Strengthen The Elderly Preferential Treatment Work in Heilongjiang Province,
in combination with the practical situation of city construction and economic
development, Harbin has published new Discount for Old People in Harbin as
No.147 government order. Distribute the red “respect courtesy card” to elderly
from 60 to 69 years old These elderly can enjoy preferential policies to some
extent when taking buses, entering into the park and tourist attractions, using
public restrooms that are not free of charge. Until the end of 2012, the
cumulative distribution of “respect courtesy card” is 630,525, including 295,380
from 60 to 69 years old, 335,145 older than 70 years old. Foreign old people
holding the old courtesy card issued by the local government agency or
old-age works can enjoy preferential treatment equal to elderly in Harbin City.
2.1.5 Floating Population
Floating population includes the inflow and outflow of population. The
contact between outflow of population and the project is not strong. Among
them, the inflow of population mainly includes non-local household registration
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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population about tourism, business and workers that from the field. Because
the rapid development of economy in the project area provides a lot of jobs for
foreign labors, especially such as Daoli District and Daowai District, the
number of inflow of foreign population keeps at a high level.
Table 2-4 Population Situation in Harbin City
Unit 2009 2010 2011
Total population in the end of the year in Harbin
Person 9,915,892 9,920,216 9,932,679
Population in urban area
Person 4,746,801 4,717,945 4,715,198
Pupulation in counties (cities) administered by Harbin City
Person 5,169,091 5,202,271 5,217,481
Inflow population Person 99,730 104,216 97,815 Inflow population in urban area
Person 73,427 74,361 69,348
Outflow population
Person 145,261 150,941 119,172
Outflow population in urban area
Person 108,833 108,846 79,591
2.1.6 Poverty
Poverty is a relative phenomenon of poor social and material life, and this
phenomenon can be reflected by the subsistence allowance system for both
urban and rural residents. There are five categories of people enjoy
subsistence allowance determined by the Civil Affairs Bureau, they are civil
residents enjoy subsistence allowance, people have low-income and difficult or
in low-income families in urban area, rural residents enjoy subsistence
allowance, low-income families in rural area, people enjoy five insurance in
rural area. To these people, Civil Affairs Bureau gives minimum subsidy on
time every month. At the same time, in resent year, in order to improve the life
quality of these people, the Bureau increases investment year by year, gives
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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more than a dozen aids, such as medical, education, housing, warming,
heating, watering, power supply, compensation for demolition, property,
reducing the fee of cable TV, temporary assistance, holiday rescue, and so on
to civil families enjoy subsistence allowance. The Bureau gives many aids,
such as medical, education, housing, warming, heating, watering, temporary
assistance, holiday rescue, and so on to people have low-income and difficult
and in low-income families in urban area.
Table 2-5 Social Security Situation in Harbin City
Unit 2009 2010 2011
The number of urban and rural residents with minimum living allowance
Person 39,400 378,000 379,000
The number of urban residents with minimum living allowance
Person 22,400 202,000 198,000
The number of rural residents with minimum living allowance
Person 17,000 176,000 181,000
The minimum standard of living Yuan/Month 310 360 360
2.1.7 Ethnic Minorities
Harbin City is a multi-ethnic fusion of the land. According to incomplete
statistics, it has 40 ethnic minorities in existence, and the population of minority
is about 200,000. There is 1 Manchu Nationality township, 10 ethnic villages, 2
fixed-point production enterprise for ethnic minorities supplies, nearly
thousand various ethnic minority enterprises in all kinds of the form of
ownership, 2 national hospitals, 12 national primary and secondary schools
and kindergartens, 1 minority culture and art groups, 6 fellowship groups of
ethnic minorities, and 2 cemeteries for Hui Nationality. Moreover, as the
provincial capital city, there are millions minorities population inflow into Harbin
for study, work or business, and constituting a relatively complete ethnic
minority economic and social sysytem.
Confirm by the Ethnic and Religious Affairs in Harbin City, the rate of
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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minorities in construction area of each sub-project of the project is very low,
and no minority areas involved, so the minorities will not be affected by the
project.
2.2 Project Area
2.2.1 Areas Directly Affected by Land Acquisition and House Demolition
According to present project proposal, and the verbal confirmation of
Harbin Bureau of Land and Resources, the construction content and site of the
project purposes will not involve the rural collective land expropriation, will only
involve state-owned land use right transfer, the demolition of a small amount of
buildings or structures and temporary occupies2.
Bus priority corridors construction project is line broadening on the basis
of the original urban traffic line (among them, only the passage from Railway
Street to Harbin Street using roadside broaden pattern, the passage from
Beixin Street to Youyi Street and Hongqi Street using the pattern of
demolishing the green belt way in middle of the road for road widening, extra
land expropriation is not involved, See table 2-6) and supporting facilities
optimization. The land occupied by the roadside broaden from Railway Street
to Harbin Street3 is reserve land for city planning road construction land, and
is state-owned land property. Because bus priority corridors construction
project is the public infrastructure project, has public welfare attribute, the part
of state-owned land need to be occupied intends to take unpaid transfer
manner, do not need to compensate4. However road broaden may involve a
small amount of demolition of buildings or structures, and may occupy some
land temporarily.
2 This conclusion need further confirmation after the scope out of red line in feasibility study. 3 Now this part of the area has not been calculated. 4 Has not been confirmed by the bureau of Land and Resources, also do not get relevant materials.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Bus hub stations construction is on Xiangbin Road in Harbin, the total
area is 34,801 m2, the total planning construction area of 48,693 m2, the
construction content including: garbage, maintenance station, car wash center,
comprehensive hub station, waiting corridors, and so on. The project is
transformation project in situ, and the land is state-owned, the units such as
Harbin Head Bus Company have obtained the state-owned land use card5.
Because the nature of project is reconstruction, which does not involve the
change of state-owned land use right, the demolition caused by the project is
self-built and self- demolition. The affected enterprise is Harbin Head Bus
Company itself; all affected staff are workers in Harbin Head Bus Company.
The company and staff are not only the people who affected by project, but
also main beneficiaries of the project, and the effects are all short-term effects.
The affected enterprise promised that no one will be out of work due to the
project, and the livelihood and income of affected workers will not be lower
because of the project. Therefore, there is no need to compensate these
worker or enterprise.
According to the introduction of project unit, two first and last sites will be
built in Harbin (No.3 in Hexie, the first road in Qinli), the total land area of
engineering is 14,406m2, the site of the first road in Qinli is empty now, and no
demolition involved; site near No.3 in Hexie is building houses now, the nature
of the land of first and last site is state-owned empty land, and ground building
nearby is construction barrack for workers. After the finished of the engineering,
the barrack will be automatically removed to empty. So neither two first and
last sites involve the use of land acquisition and demolition.
The construction of bus stations also involves land occupation in this
project. The project plans to build new anti-cold bus shelters, set awnings and
electronic bus stops, add seasonal warming facilities in bus stops in Harbin.
5 Relevant units has committed to provide use card copy of the state-owned land later.
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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This kind of construction all located on the state-owned transport land and is
not involved land acquisition and house demolition. .
It is present situation of planning location and the construction site of
some sub-project below.
Figure 2-1 The Present Situation of Construction Site of Comprehensive Hub Station
in Xiangbin Road
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28
Figure 2-2 The Present Situation of Construction Site of First and Last Stop of First
Road in Qunli
Figure 2-3 The Present Situation of Construction Site of First and Last Stop of No.3 in
Haxi
2.2.2 Beneficial Areas
The project focuses on the construction of bus priority corridors, through
demonstration analysis for many times of the planning bureau, transportation
bureau, traffic management bureau, urban construction bureau, urban
management bureau and so on, finally select the three bus corridors including
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
29
passage of Youyi Road (Tonggang Street to Highway Bridge), the passage of
Xinyang Road (Xiangzheng Street to Jincheng Street), the passage of Hongqi
Street (Dongzhi Road to Jingxiang Street), 21.59km in total. It aims at
improving the whole level of bus service in corridors. In terms of land
development trend, the surrounding of the three corridors are gathering spots
of comprehensive, transportation, administrative, science, business, housing,
industry, which occupy the important position.
Among them, passage of Youyi Road crosses many commercial hub, and
its function is positioning for commercial leisure service; Hongqi Street crosses
three districts in Harbin, has important commuting function, and its function is
positioning for services to residents’ commuting travel demand; the passage of
Xinyang Road connects Harbin airport and Harbin main business districts, the
transport demands of transportation is huge. The basic situation of each bus
corridor can be seen below.
Table 2-6 Basic Situation of Each Bus Corridor
No. Name First and last stop Mileage
(km) Form
1 Passage of Youyi Road Highway Bridge—Tonggang Street
8.5 In the middle
2 Passage of Hongqi Street Dongzhi Road—Tongxiang Street
9.1 In the middle
3 Passage of Xinyang Road Xiangzheng Street—Jincheng Street
7.63 On roadside
Total 25.23
Now, there are 84 bus lines go through three public transport corridors in
total, among them, the passage of Youyi Road (Highway Bridge, Tonggang
Street): 28; passage of Xinyang Road: 19; Passage of Hongqi Street: 37. The
information of bus stops in the three bus corridors is shown below:
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Table 2-7 The Information of Bus Stops in Three Bus Corridors in 2012
No. Name First and last stop
No. of stop
Name of stop
No. of line
Name of line
1 Passage of Youyi Road
Tonggang Street—Highway Bridge
20
Dock Board; Timber Market; Feida Board Market; Sharpening Stone Factory; Gengxin Street; Longjiang Boiler Factory; Songpu Bridge; Daowai Twenty Street; Daotai Fu; Daowai Twelve Street; Daowai Seven Street; Daowai Three Street; Beihuan Shopping Mall; University for Senior Citizens; Children Hospital; Monument for Preventing Flood (Youyi Road);
28
1 、
Nitht1、
2、2K、
3、8、9、
12、13、
13、16、
19、20、
23、24、
26、29、
56、64、
65、72、
74、76、
79、83、
84、87、
94、95、
102 、
107 、
108 、
109 、
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No. Name First and last stop
No. of stop
Name of stop
No. of line
Name of line
Youyigong Road; National People's Congress; Newspaper Building; Academy of Social Sciences
118 、
120 、
126 、
201 、
202 、
206 、
551 、
Outskirt6
2 Passage of Xinyang Road
XiangzhengStreet—Jincheng Street
16
Jinwei Street; Beian Street; Anshen Street; Administrative Service Center of the City; Central Hospital; Kangan Road; Modern Department of Orthopaedics Hospital; Municipal Tenth Hospital; Zhigong Street; Xianjin Street; Xianjin Street;
19
66、84、
91、114
119,
102 ,
106 ,
119 ,
112 ,
114,14,
5,61,
No.3 Bus Line to Airport
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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No. Name First and last stop
No. of stop
Name of stop
No. of line
Name of line
Yingbin Neighborhood; Longjiang Bus Factory; Municipal transport Company; Vehicle Gear Factory; Renhe Village; Yiji Repair Company
3 Passage of Hongqi Street
Dongzhi Road—Tongxiang Street
18
Peace Bridge; Daxin Shoe Mall; Honghe Community; Hongping Community; Hongqi Furniture City; Liaohe Road; Huaihe Road; Convention and Exhibition Center; Songlei Middle School; Hanshui Road; Hanjiang Road; Ganshui Road;
37
3、8、13、
14、22、
23、24、
26、27、
28、32、
51、61、
62、68、
71、72、
74、76、
84、89、
90、91、
93、105、
108 、
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No. Name First and last stop
No. of stop
Name of stop
No. of line
Name of line
Nongken Building; Hongqi Street; Xiangfang Street; Bearing Factory; Steam Turbine Factory; Tongxiang Street
112 、
117 、
201 、
203 、
205 、
208 、
209 、
333 、
337 、
365
Table 2-8 Repeated Coefficient of Bus Line In Harbin Urban Area
No. Name Repeated coefficient
1 Passage of Youyi Road 6.8
2 Passage of Xinyang Road 3.5
3 Passage of Hongqi Street 6.4
Forecast for the demand of three bus corridors of is about 966.5 thousand
person/day.
Table 2-9 Traffic Statistics of Three Bus Corridors
No. Name Morning rush (thousand person/day)
Evening rush (thousand person/day)
Flat peak (thousand person/day)
1 Passage of Youyi Road 90 72 198
2 Passage of Xinyang Road 12.5 10 27.5
3 Passage of Hongqi Street 85 68 187
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Table 2-10 Daily Service Ability of Three Bus Corridors
No. Name Daily Service Ability (thousand person/day)
1 Passage of Youyi Road 360
2 Passage of Xinyang Road 50
3 Passage of Hongqi Street 340
Although. after years of development, transport infrastructure in Harbin
has reached a certain size, but in terms of the construction of transport corridor,
transportation structure configuration, urban traffic and external traffic
cohesion, line and station cohesion and the coordination of different transport
ways, it lacks overall planning. The construction of three corridors makes the
benefit group involve all groups taking these buses, including not only
permanent population who set public transport as the main way to travel in
urban area of Harbin, but also foreign population such as people in the outskirt
or surrounding counties and cities, migrants and tourism. It has a positive role
of improving the image of the Harbin City, improving urban ecological and
human environment.
2.3 The Roles and Impacts of Urban Planning and Policies to the Project
In terms of the development of urban public transportation, municipal
party committee and municipal government give the highly valued to them, and
establish favorable policy and planning lead. Harbin published documents
such as Passenger Transportation Management Regulations of Buses, Trolley
and Wheel Ferry, The Implementation Opinion of Giving Priority to the
development of Harbin Public Transportation, Planning and Construction
Management Regulations of Harbin Public Transport Infrastructure and so on.
Public transportation has priority to some extent in terms of land use, taxation,
way right, investment and so on. At the same time, Harbin formulated
Comprehensive Transportation Development Planning in Harbin City, Special
Planning of Public Transportation Construction Development in Harbin City,
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and Special Planning of Public Transportation Terminal Facilities Construction
in Harbin City, published Feasibility Suggestions of BRT construction of Large
Capacity and Rapid Transit Bus Lines Harbin City, Planning of Public
Transport Lanes System in Harbin City. Scientific and reasonable city
development planning brings a good opportunity to the development of public
transportation in Harbin City.
The Harbin municipal government indicated clearly in Notification by
People's Government of Harbin City on printing the12th five-year plan about
the national economic and social development of Harbin City (In 2011, No.6)
that, implement bus priority development strategy, improve the bus coverage,
increase the proportion of public transport to more than 45%in urban total
travel, steam trams in central city public average delivery speed reach more
than 20 km/hour, the punctuality get more than 85%, quality of public transport
service has improved significantly.
National work conference of public transportation is hold in Shenzhen on
29th Oct. 2012. In this meeting, Harbin City was named the national first “bus
demonstration city” title, became one of the first 14 “bus city” pilot cities. Harbin
sets building national demonstration bus city as the goal, establishes
coordinated various mode public passenger transport system, makes ten
thousand bus reach 15 standard units, makes public trolley average operating
speed reach 20 km/hour, makes the coverage rate of 500 meters around bus
station reach 90%, realizes that passenger can transfer the bus in 500 meters
and within 5minutes in main urban area, and gets the goal that share rate of
public passenger transportation system reaches 45%. The goal makes the
basic principle of bus priority, planning ahead be adhered and strengthened,
realizes gradually that the idea of the urban public transport guild the
development of city and land use, provides favorable development
environment for the construction of urban public transportation system. And lay
the urgency and priority of the project approval and construction of the Cold
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Weather Smart Public Transport System Project.
Chart 2-5 Master Plan Maps of Harbin City
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2.4 Analysis on the Role of Governments in the Project
Anyone of the projects is in a social environment, certain social conditions
Chart 2-6 Comprehensive Traffic planning in Harbin City
Chart 2-7 Road Traffic Plan Maps of Harbin City
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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and in certain public range, in accordance with the public criteria framework.
Comply with the rules of public is a precondition for the project construction to
be carried out, and the government as a representative of the whole society, its
basic function is to formulate the rules of public and supervise the
implementation, therefore, have a major impact on the project. Government
has a dual status and role in the project construction: to fulfill the functions of
public administration, management, regulation and control of the whole social
investment; assume responsibility for public investment, provide public
services and products for the whole society.
2.4.1 The Evaluation of Government Fulfilling Its Management Functions
Fulfill management functions of government has a positive impact on the
achievement of project social objectives. Harbin Government immediately
composes the corresponding World Bank Loan Project Leading Group after
applying for loans from the World Development Bank. In the process of the
whole projects planning and implementation, when the distribution of interest
become imbalance or unreasonable, Harbin Government will appear as the
identity of the social public interest representative. In compliance with the
relevant laws and policies, regulate and distribute related social benefits based
on the operation of relevant systems and mechanisms, in order to achieve an
equitable distribution of the associated social benefits.
The leader group of Colad Weather Smart Public Transport System
Project established by the municipal government consists by main leaders of
Municipal Development and Reform Commission, City Finance Bureau, City
Planning Bureau, City Land Resources Bureau, City Environmental Protection
Bureau, City Housing and Urban-rural, Construction Bureau, City Department
of Transportation, City traffic police detachment, City Urban Management
Bureau, City Water Supply and Drainage Group, City Education Bureau, City
Investment Company and other relative units or departments. The leader
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
39
group is mainly in charge of reviewing and determining the overall project
planning, organizing and coordinating the major issues involving in national
and municipal level, policy, system and other aspects of during the
construction process of the project.
The leader group comprises the PMO, and the office is set in Harbin
Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau. PMO takes charge of the management
of project matching funds, the project management and other main work. The
sub-project unit is put forward by each project, and finishes the whole
construction under the unified arrangement by the project department.
The PMO is shown below:
The director: Li Wenbin (the present of Harbin Urban Construction
Investment Group co., LTD)
Zhang Licheng (the manager of Harbin Urban Construction
Investment Group co., LTD)
The PMO comprises seven departments: integrated management
department, engineering management department, bidding and purchasing
department, plan and finance department, etc.
The specific composition and function division of labor of the leader group
of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project is shown
below in Figure 2-8:
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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Figure 2-8 Project Organization Structure
2.4.2 The Evaluation of the Role of Governments as a Public Investor
City Bus System Project belongs to public goods provided by the
government, and the government needs to be forward-looking in the provision
of this project, the projects' objectives should also have high compatibility with
various aspects of the targets in local society. The coverage of City Bus
System Project is mainly for urban (city) residents, the approval and
improvement of this project will help to improve and optimize the public welfare
of city public facilities; meanwhile, the cost of such project services is primarily
supported by government finance, reflecting the characteristics of public goods;
finally, the government will ensure that the fair allocation of public goods.
Leaders of Municipal Party Committee, HMDRC and so on directly lead the
HCWSPTSP loaned by World Bank. Implementation of the project is in strict
accordance with World Bank's procedures and domestic procedures to
promote the process, to make efforts to ensure public welfare and sociality of
the project.
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In addition, the government can rectify and standardize social injustices in
the process of project implementation. Government can express
responsibilities and rights of each stakeholder through the government open
bar, related policies opened in government website. When the existing policies
are difficult to solve real-world conflicts, the government can adjust the policies
according to the principles of social justice, so that the interests of the injured
party can obtain reasonable compensation to eliminate social risks. When the
projects are involved in land acquisition and house demolition, the
corresponding social risks also will produce, then the government must appear
as the identity of the social public interest representative, use the legal and
policy means, regulate and distribute related social benefits based on the
operation of relevant systems and mechanisms, in order to achieve an
equitable distribution of the associated social benefits. Based on this
knowledge, the government of Harbin City makes a meticulous plan on all
aspects of projects management, government departments, enterprises and
institutions involved can participate in the entire process, timely resolve the
conflicts of interest, social risks and potential problems between each
department, in the process of IPTSP implementation, eliminate the interruption
of the project and other problems caused by unfair treatment.
In the aspect of the protection of the rights and interests of special groups,
such as poor people, disabled people, women and children and so on, the
government of Harbin City constantly improves and provides the
corresponding public service fee waiver policies, reflecting the suitability of
project compensation that tilt to the vulnerable groups.
Accordingly, Harbin City Government, especially Harbin Transport Bureau
will play the critical and decisive functions in the preparation and
implementation of the project. To some extent, the stand or fall of their
management will decide the success or failure of the project.
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3 Social Impact Analysis
Social impact analysis mainly refers to effects generated during and after
the project construction process on the impacted area. To urban public
transportation projects, the social impacts are impacts mainly including
economic impact, social impact (focusing on the non-economic aspects of
society), and experience in managing, and so on.
3.1 Project Impacts at Economic Dimensions
3.1.1 Regional Economy
HCWSPTSP is guided by the scientific development as the concept of
ideas, facing big cities under extremely cold area, responses actively to the
urban transportation problems generated because of the repeated addition of
extremely cold weather and the urbanization and mechanization, by
developing people-oriented, transit oriented, efficient, safe, low carbon,
environmental protection, economic and convenient substantial public
transportation system characterized as low energy consumption, low pollution,
low land occupied, low travel costs and low financial burden. It can promote
the sustainable development of urban traffic, improve the traffic service level in
Harbin greatly, establish high standards, modern comprehensive
transportation system which is combined with the character of city under
extremely cold environment and can meet the substantial, people-oriented and
dynamic demand of transportation. By the improvement of the public transport
service quality, it can realize that urban traffic develops in the direction of
green low carbon, provide enforceable, learning, reproducible and propagable
successful practice and case and then provide important transportation
security for realizing economic revitalization in Heilongjiang Province.
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3.1.2 Residents’ Income and Distribution
The main construction area of the HCWSPTSP is focus on the urban area
of Harbin City, among them, passage of Youyi Road crosses many commercial
hub; passage of Hongqi Street crosses three districts in Harbin, along which is
mainly working resident; Xinyang Road to Edmonton Road connects airport
and Harbin main commercial districts, so there are many the floating
population. The economic and social development level is high in the project
area, and the non-agricultural industries are relatively developed. Most of the
affected labors are engaged in non-agricultural industries, salary income,
income of work, self-employment income accounted for a high proportion of
total household income. The temporary land occupation involved during the
reconstruction process of public transportation corridors may affect the
operation of shops along to some extent. However, after the operation of
project, the improvement of traffic accessibility will be benefit to the
improvement of the operating profit.
The usage of the service needs to pay a fee; the public welfare and low
price of a ticket is two outstanding characteristics of the bus operation. Now,
the bus ticket in Harbin is 1 yuan/per person·per time for adult, 0.5 yuan/per
person·per time for students, 0 yuan/per person·per time for elderly. Moreover,
after the finish of the construction of HCWSPTSP, the ticket price will not be
changed. So, it will not cause the economic burden to the family.
Table 3-1 Residents’ Income Situation in Harbin6
Year Per capita disposable income of urban households (Yuan)
The average per capita net income of rural households (Yuan)
1990 1,387 679 2000 5,632 2,477 2005 10,065 4,006 2006 11,231 4,405
6 Resource: Statistical Yearbook of Harbin in 2012
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2007 12,772 5,069 2008 14,589 5,961 2009 15,887 6,776 2010 17,557 8,020 2011 20,031 9,608
Table 3-2 Situation of On-the job Workers’ Salary in Harbin
Year Population of urban area (million person)
On-the-job worker average wages a year in the city
(Yuan/per person)
On-the-job worker average wages a year in urban area
(Yuan/per person)
2009
4.747 29,261 31,505
2010
4.718 32,397 35,035
2011
4.715 36,465 39,470
3.1.3 Employment
The project impacts on employment reflect in two aspects: project direct
impacts on employment and project indirect impacts on employment. Among
them, the direct impacts can be divided into two stages: project construction
and operation. During the bus projects and public utility projects construction,
the technical staff and casual labors need to be employed. During the
operation, the fixed workers need to be recruited who are engaged in daily
operation and management of enterprises and maintenance work. Which
means the project provides a lot of employment opportunities for local people,
and it could be calculated during the project construction and operation,
employment opportunities could be provided for about 16,000 people
according to the coefficient of highway and transportation sector investment
employment experience. The project indirect impacts on employment reflect
after the project construction. It improves the transportation condition of Harbin
City and its surrounding, promotes the development of relevant industries, and
gives impetus to the improvement of local employment.
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3.1.4 Infrastructure and Social Services
HCWSPTSP provides convenient, comfortable, safe, accurate, standard
bus service to citizens, designs bus lanes in view of traffic demand of the three
public transport corridors; designs or transforms part bus station in corridors,
establishes intelligent information query system, perfects the traffic signs
marking of corridors, sets separation guide sign in the main roads, sets LED
direction sign in the main junctions; constructs public transport hub station and
first and last bus station and so on. It speeds up the construction step of Harbin
urban intelligent public transportation system, forms a relatively perfect green
safe transport network.
The complete of the project could increase the prevailing conditions of
original bus transport to large degree, improve the bus operating speed, and
bring huge time savings to passengers. At the same time, the improvement of
bus service will attract more people choose public transport to travel,
accordingly, travel by private car will be reduced effectively, the pressure of
future road network in Heilong City will be reduced, service levels for roads
and junctions will be increased, the total vehicle kilometers and car hours on
the road network will be reduced significantly, then vehicle transportation cost
saving and time saving benefits, as well as benefit of the reduced bus
operating vehicles will be gained. Besides, the bus corridor integration project
will improve transport condition greatly, then reduce the traffic accidents, bring
convenience to the residents along for travelling and have certain social
benefit.
3.1.5 Urbanization
Several opinions about the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating
northeast China and other old industrial bases (In (2003) No. 11) published by
CPC Central Committee and the State Council in 2003 shows that northeast
China and other old industrial bases has risen as national strategy formally. It
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also published The strategy opinion about further implement of rejuvenating
the old industrial base by the State Council (In (2009) No.33), which symbols
that the strategy of rejuvenating northeast China and other old industrial bases
have entered a new stage. It has brought a lot of money and technology
support to social and economic development of the northeast China. It is
conducive to strengthening the construction of urban infrastructure, creates
conducive to the development of investment, system and policy environment,
and promotes the potential advantages of northeast region.
Harbin put forward in Several Opinions about Speeding up the Overall
Planning for Urban-rural Development and Forming A New Pattern of
Integration of Urban and Rural Economic and Social Development 2010, to
2015, the urbanization of the whole city will go over 55%, and be the first to
form a new integration pattern of economic and social development between
urban and rural. According to opinion, Harbin will comprehensively promote
the city and countryside integration work throughout the city, to 2015, the
urbanization of the whole city will go over 55%, among them, the urbanization
rate of Daoli District, Daowai District, Nangang District, Xiangfang District,
Pingfang District, and Songbei District will go over 90%; Hulan District, Acheng
District, Bin County, Shuangcheng City, Wuchang City and Bayan County will
go over 45%; other each county (city) focus on Chengguan Town and
conditional region central town, promotes the urbanization process. The
county in the whole city industrial added value accounted for the proportion of
more than 40% of GDP. Gross output value of fisheries and animal husbandry
output value reached 100 billion yuan and 51 billion yuan respectively.
With the deepening, advancements and the implementation of the plan to
reinvigorate northeast China, according to the "eight big economic zones" and
"ten major projects" development strategy put forward clearly by Heilongjiang
Province Committee, urbanization development of Harbin City in recent years
has achieved fruitful results. Harbin inherited, innovated and rich developed
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the idea of city development, deepened and expanded the development
strategy, put forward to speed up the step of development and construction of
“one river in the middle, flourish both sides of river”, actively promoted
development strategy of “the north bound, south extension, middle flourishing,
strong county”, realized to flourish the city by water, rich the city by water,
beauty the city by water, and created the strategic master plan of the urban
construction and development of building waterfront cities. Moreover, with the
steady progress of bilateral strategic partnership between China and Russia
and the sustained growth of the economy in the two countries, bilateral
economic and trade cooperation is developing rapidly and steadily. The annual
international economic and trade fair in Harbin China, as the connection of
China and Russia, major international economic and trade, science and
technology fair in Northeast Asia, makes full use of geographical advantages,
plays a role in cooperation in various fields between China and Russia as the
window and platform effect, promotes the trade to Russia, Japan and South
Korea's, and radiate throughout the northeast Asia area. These strategies
contribute to the overall urban development and further improvement of the
urbanization level.
3.1.6 Vulnerable Groups
Public transportation sub-project of HCWSPTSP planed the
comprehensive transformation of junctions, road traffic facilities such as
underground tunnels or overpasses and etc., which are needed by vulnerable
groups especially in the road transformation process, take the actual needs of
groups like elderly, all kinds of disabled and children into fully consideration.
In addition, based on Several Provisions of Preferential Policy for the
Disabled in Harbin City, disabled people should get parking area at the station
and other public venues for free, the blind could take the bus for free with
certification, and bus companies should use electronic facilities to make it
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convenient to get on or off. According to Rules about Discount for Elderly in
Harbin City, elderly older than 70 years old can take the bus for free with the
“respect courtesy card”. Until the end of 2012, the cumulative distribution of
“respect courtesy card” is 630,525, including 295,380 from 60 to 69 years old,
335,145 older than 70 years old. Foreign old people holding the old courtesy
card issued by the local government agency or old-age works can enjoy
preferential treatment equal to elderly in Harbin City. Moreover, since 1st Jun.
2007, high school, junior high school and primary school students also enjoy
preferential policies of the 5 discount fares when taking the bus in Harbin City,
retire cadres, wounded or disabled police, etc. can the bus for free.
In the process of project preparation, PMO has organized several topic
advisory councils to collect opinions and suggestions from vulnerable groups,
which will be discussed in the 4.3.7 of the project specially. Related
suggestions have been feed backed to feasibility study units and implemented
in the project design.
According to the analysis above, the project can provide convenient
services and preferential treatment to vulnerable group such as disabled and
elderly. And the Smart Public Transport System Project creates the conditions
to improve their weak position and ensure they could enjoy the achievement of
economic development in Harbin City.
3.2 Project Impacts at Social Dimensions
3.2.1 Social Environment
Humanistic environment is the attitudes of a regional community,
concepts, belief systems, cognitive environment, etc. For this project area,
even more is a kind of the local culture and customs closely contacted with the
natural environment. Specially:
(a) From the perspective of construction units and personnel, the
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construction units are all familiar with the project operation and technology
process, and the most of construction personnel are the local workforce and
can communicate and coordinate with local residents well.
(b) From the perspective of construction impact of the project of public
transportation corridors, all the public transportation corridors are all
broadened and optimized from the existing municipal line, have little effects on
the production and living of the surrounding shops, residential areas, factories
and roads users, and will not conflict with surrounding environment such as
local social culture, customs, religion, etc.
(c) From the perspective of energy and the environment, the
implementation of the public transportation sub-project will introduce many
new energy vehicles; the operation of intelligent public transportation system
will reduce air pollution of Harbin. All these measures have significant positive
effect to improve the problems such as high traffic energy costs, serious
environmental pollution, etc.
To conclude, the project has fitness with the local social environment, and
through this opportunity, the environmental protection consciousness in the
project area can be improved.
3.2.2 Cultural Heritage
Cultural heritage has significant sense for human to research history and
cultural. In the protection of cultural heritage, the cultural heritage
management department protects and searches the local cultural heritage
effectively through a variety of form and carrier.
According to the requirements of The Opinions of Harbin City People's
Government on Strengthening Protection Work of Intangible Cultural Heritage
(In 2008, No.49), further implement work guidelines of the “give priority to
protection, rescue first, reasonable use, inheritance development”, Earnestly
do the work of the city's intangible cultural heritage protection, inheritance and
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utilization, make new greater contribution to the economic and social
development of the whole city. Until Dec. in 2012, there have been three
groups of city-level intangible cultural heritage. In 2012, “Gold Capital Site” is
selected into World Heritage Tentative List in China. Major cultural heritage in
Harbin is not in the project area, so affected little by the project.
3.2.3 Religious Facilities and Worship Facilities
China attaches great importance to the traditional customs since ancient
times, the move of tombs not only means from one place to another place, it
contains many factors such as emotional, cultural, etc. There are now a variety
of religions coexist in Harbin, including 6 kinds of religion such as Buddhism,
Taoism, Islam, Catholicism, Christianity and Orthodox. There are 6 citywide
religion patriotic groups (City Buddhist Association, City Taoism Association,
City Islam Association, City Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, City
Christian Three-self Patriotic Association, and City Christianity Association).
There are 56 religious activity places in total in urban area, and near 150,000
of masses of all kinds of faith. However in the about 200 meters away from
three corridors of public transport project of HUIPTSP, there is no religion and
ritual facilities, and no move of tomb involved.
3.2.4 Analysis on Special Impacts
3.2.4.1 Social Gender Analysis
The differences of male and female are not only in physiology but also in
the social roles, which cause different impacts on different gender induced by
the project and different influence on the project resulting from different gender.
Women (including children) are often regarded as the vulnerable groups, their
environmental sensitiveness is high, and their rights are easy to be
encroached on, so we must realize the information about women and children,
identify the degree of the project impacts on women and children, thus the
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corresponding measures should be taken at the initial stage of the project to
minimize or avoid the impacts on women and children.
Based on the investigation, the female have the legal rights as same as
the male within this project, including receive education, employment and
participate election, etc. Majority women who interviewed argue that they have
the same autonomy in management like men.
The HCWSPTSP can provide convenient public transportation service,
the intelligent scheduling can cut short the waiting time, electronic information
system can provide convenient and clear directions, and the construction of
infrastructure can ensure the temperature for waiting and taking buses. These
provide the favorable guarantee for the physical and psychological health of
women and children: 1) many women and children do not have a strong sense
of direction, the reminder of electronic information system can support them to
find the bus that they need; 2) The buses station and buses have high rate of
sexual harassment. The project plans to install electronic eyes in the platforms
and new purchase buses. That will be convenient for the administrative staff to
know the latest condition and it is also beneficial to deal with the public security
accidents. Moreover, the installation of electronic eyes can deter some
criminals; 3) Female (especially, old women and pregnant women) and
children is weak and sensitive to the temperature of surrounding environment,
the construction of station and purchase of new type of buses can provide
them warm environment for waiting and taking buses; 4) The main users of
buses are women, and the development of municipal public transport is also
beneficial to the life and work of female and then this will improve the Harbin’s
economical development and citizen living quality.
Therefore, it will exert positive influence on the female development of
Harbin City and guarantee the need and security of going out by the project
construction.
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3.2.4.2 Ethnic Minority Analysis
There are no gathered minorities in all sub-projects; in addition, there is no
new requisition of land in the project, and no demolition of houses or
enterprises of ethnic minority involved, so the livelihood and the life of ethnic
minorities in the area will not be negatively impacted by the project.
3.2.4.3 Involuntary Resettlement Impacts
Involuntary resettlement should be avoided in the process of project
construction as far as possible, but project construction needs to requisition
certain land. So, involuntary resettlement is inevitable to some extent.
Involuntary resettles induced by project construction are divided into two types: Physical resettlement (relocation) and economic migrants (loss of property).
The reasons resulting in resettlement are different; the degrees of impacts also
are various. For the displaced person of land acquisition, they lose the
opportunities to earn income and the living standards of their families may be
affected because of land loss. For the displaced person of house demolition, if
the resettlement areas have some changes, social networks and social capital
will be changed with the relocation, some social conflicts may be taken place
during the resettlement, and the issues of social integration and social
adjustment will be involved in after relocation.
Currently, the total area of the comprehensive hub station in Xiangbin
Road of HCWSPTSP needs to be constructed is 48,693m2, and is
reconstructed in the scope of the original company area. The content of
construction includes: garage, maintenance station, car washing center,
comprehensive hub station and waiting corridor, etc. Demolition and affected
people generated by the construction are Harbin head buses company itself
and its personnel, and it belongs to the self-built properties; two new first and
last stations in Harbin (first and last of bus stations of Hexie Road, the first road
in Liqun) will be built, the first and last of bus stations of the first road in Liqun
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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planning occupy 14,406 m2 and the overall floorage in the project occupy
17,144 m2; the first and last bus stations of Hexie Road located the east of
junction of Beixing Street and Hexie Road in Nangang District, the planning
land use is 3,071 m2, the overall floorage is 900 m2. The first road in Liqun is
empty land now, and no demolition involved. According to the introduce of the
project unit, the land is state-owned,; near the first and last bus stations of
Hexie Road is building houses now, , and ground building nearby is
construction barrack for workers. After the finished of the engineering, the
barrack will be automatically removed to empty. So neither two first and last
sites involve the use of land acquisition and demolition. The more details
regarding this part can be found in Resettlement Action Plan & Due Diligence
Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public System Project
3.3 Project Environmental Impacts
As the scale of urban construction is expanding constantly and the city
traffic management is becoming more and more complex, due to the
advancement of urbanization the requirements for the robust and intelligent
city public transportation system are higher and higher due to the
advancement of urbanization. From the point of view of project impact on the
ecological environment, energy conservation and emission reduction is not
only a long-term strategic task, but also a pressing task at present. Take
comprehensive consideration and implement energy-saving and emission
reduction measures in any project construction process, have very important
significance to the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly
society. HCWSPTSP considers the traffic conditions and functional
requirements, combines functional analysis, traffic demand with the actual
conditions, pays full attention to the relationship between regional road
network convergence and function coordination and deals well with it. The
project realizes urban green transportation by developing public transport and
it is a low carbon, environmental friendly, energy saving and green engineering
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
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and benefits every citizen.
Bus projects empty resource allocation to bus system while constructing
the roads in the Harbin City. The promotion of bus priority lanes is sped up; the
efficiency of urban road traffic is improved by accelerating the promotion of bus
priority lanes and public transportation infrastructure. At the same time,
through accelerating the application of urban intelligent transportation
technology, reducing urban traffic congestion, improving the bus running
environment, reducing the fuel consumption to reduce pollution gas such as
carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions and improve the quality of urban
environment. Meanwhile, the project plans and invests in new energy buses, sets the energy-saving emission reduction of buses as one of project
components, uses economic strategy to encourage the implementation of
energy-saving strategy, sets the concept of energy-saving and emission
reduction run through the whole project. The construction of the Smart public
transportation system, improves the road traffic conditions, eases traffic
congestion, saves the vehicle operating costs and reduces the motor vehicles
emissions and the influence of traffic noise on the urban environment by
transforming bus corridor, constructing the urban intelligent traffic
management system, intelligent traffic system and the bus infrastructure and
so on.
3.4 Other Impacts
The construction and implementation of this project will improve the
changes of social consciousness, with the implementation of pre-feasibility
studies for World Bank loans and the loaning work, its additionally scientific
and normal project feasibility studies, project implementation, management
modes and human-oriented thought will be carried out. Thus enhancing the
management levels of the personnel in relevant functional departments of the
people's governments at all levels, improving the academic levels and
technical levels of project consultant, technical staff and skilled worker
Social Assessment Report of Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transportation System
55
involved in the project implementation. With the effective impacts of the
management mode and management level of WB, all participants of this
project and the construction will be affected imperceptibly, to improve their
scientific and normal management consciousness and human-oriented
ideology.
In addition, the implementation of the project enables participants to learn
and be familiar with the improvement and optimization of bus corridor project,
implementation and operation process and technology. It also makes the
residents and the surrounding masses including the poor and vulnerable
groups have a better understanding of the intelligent transportation system
facilities, and it improves the technology and enhances the management level
as well. The implementation of the project improves the road and traffic safety
awareness of residents living in the affected area, improves the legal
consciousness and awareness of policy of all levels of government
management personnel, people participate in the project and people affected
by the project, and makes benefits to social coordinated development, stability
and unity.
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4. Stakeholder Analysis
Stakeholders are each institutions and individual who have direct or
indirect benefit-based relationships with the project, and they all have direct or
indirect affect to project. In project preparation process, we can help project
decision makers’ response to different stakeholders affected by the project and
make analysis and judgment through stakeholder analysis. So, in terms of
content of analysis, not only contains the concerns of the stake in the
stakeholders and project, their roles played in the project, their attitude and the
influence degree on the success or failure of the project construction; but also
contains influence to the stakeholders and the different levels and
requirements of different stakeholders affected by the project. On this basis,
put forward compensation measures and ways to the aggrieved group, set up
participation mechanism to promote all kinds of stakeholders to cooperate with
each other. Specifically the identification process is shown below:
First, identification of stakeholders: identify different stakeholders
according to the influence level and the relationship with the project;
Second, the needs and influence of the stakeholders: analyze and assess
the reaction and function of different stakeholders;
Third: impacts on stakeholders: analyze and assess the significance of
different stakeholders according to the objections of the project;
Fourth: disclosure of information, public participation and project risk
avoiding: publish the participation case for different stakeholders, put forward
reasonable measures, and avoid risks.
4.1 Main Stakeholders Identification
4.1.1 Process of stakeholders identification
Stakeholders are each institutions and individual who have direct or
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indirect benefit-based relationships with the project, and they all have direct or
indirect affect to project. The construction of HCWSPTSP may have different
positive or negative impact to different people. In order to correctly analyze the
positive and negative effects, we need to identify the stakeholders of the
project; the specific identification process is as follows:
Avoid social risks Organize public participation
Requirements and impact of the
main stakeholders
Main stakeholders Identification
Preliminary identification of
stakeholders
Interviews and questionnaire survey of main stakeholders
Discussion, field investigation and the preliminary analysis of the stakeholders’ function and role
Analysis the project characters, consult the literature and related
materials
Figure 4-1 Identification Process of Stakeholders
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58
Table 4-1 Work Details of Stakeholders Identification
Process Contents The Feasible Tools Goals
First
Preliminary identification of stakeholders
Communicate with PMO of Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau (Urban Construction Investment Group com. LTD in the ealier stage) about the early stage of SA; Analyze the character of Smart Public Transport System Project; The literature review;
Previous experience of other urban transport project
Identify all the stakeholders who have direct or indirect benefit-based relationships with the project.
Second
Main stakeholders Identification
Have information discussions with government and agencies, PMO, Public utility transformation sub-projects office (Construction bureau), Public Transport transformation sub-projects office (The bus company), the transport management sub-projects office (Traffic police detachment), sensitive spots along(communities, hospitals, schools, religious sits), Scientific research and design units,Environment assessment units; The field reconnaissance of the integrative transport corridor, the transport supporting infrastructures and intelligent transport system.
Identify the stakeholders who have direct impact on the success or failure of the project construction and distinguish the stakeholders to different categories.
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Third
Analysis of the main stakeholders
Have symposium with relative agencies, the public and the vulnerable groups to understand relationship between stakeholders and the project, and requirements of different stakeholders from many aspects;
Field reconnaissance; Questionnaire about travel of residents; Questionnaire about traffic police; Questionnaire about bus drivers; Questionnaire about vulnerable groups.
Analyze requirements of different stakeholders, the impact on stakeholders by the project and the impact on the construction of project by stakeholders.
Fourth Reinforce and reduction
Communicate with PMO, sub-PMO, design unit of the project about preliminary results of the investigation, put forward feasible measures and put them into the later design.
Improve the positive effects of the project, reduce or eliminate the negative effects at the same time.
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4.1.2 Category and analysis of the stakeholders
4.1.2.1 Category of stakeholders of HCWSPTSP
Due to the identification of stakeholders, the relative stakeholders
includes government and agencies, PMO and Enforcement agencies,
impacted groups because of the land requisition and removal; inhabitant in the
project service area, floating population; vulnerable groups; and other
stakeholders. According to the effects, stakeholders could be divided into
beneficiary, impaired party, stakeholders benefit from and impaired by the
project, and vulnerable groups.
Table 4-2 Category of Stakeholders of HUIPTSP
Category Stakeholders of HCWSPTSP Judgments
Beneficiary
Government and agencies, PMO, The bus company, Traffic police, Residents, Floating population, Project implementation agencies and so on.
Realize the public function of organization;
Meet public service requirements;
Acquire direct economic benefit.
Impaired party
Groups and shops impacted by the rebuilt and expanded road line; Groups affected by the relocation of platform, car park, the first stage and the last stage, park and protect spot, hub stage and slow bridge.
Loss of tangible assets such as land and houses;
Loss of intangible assets such as social relationship;
Be forced to change livelihood and lifestyle.
Stakeholders benefit and impaired from the project
Communities, shops, schools, hospital, enterprise, etc. along the three-dimensional and integrative bus corridor affected temporarily by the construction of the project.
Inconvenience of travel for a short time;
Meet the travel requirements with the improved traffic;
Improve the traffic economic and increase the social benefit.
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Category Stakeholders of HCWSPTSP Judgments
Other stakeholders
Land and Resources Bureau, civil affairs bureau, Social Security office, EPA, RTA, senior citizens' work committee, the Women's Federation, Organization on Disability, etc.
NGO, voluntary association, WB
Property of the project;
Realize the functions of agencies.
Vulnerable groups
Poor families, female-headed households, women, minorities, lonely elderly, children, disabled in project area and service area after the completion of the project.
Week characteristics of groups;
Voice and the ability of participation.
4.1.2.2 Analysis Matrix of Main Stakeholders of HCWSPTSP
Analysis matrix of stakeholders is a useful tool to conclude and compare
the different stakeholders according their correlation with the project,
characters, and effect. And it is used to analyze the stake of main stakeholders
in the project (direct benefit, indirect benefit, direct affected, indirect affected),
roles, attitudes, and degree of influence.
Table 4-1 Analysis Matrix of Main Stakeholders of HUCSPTSP
Stakeholders Stake Roles Attitude Degree of influence
Government of Harbin City Indirect
Organize, coordinate
Support High
PMO and other government agencies Indirect
Organize, coordinate
Active High
Public utility transformation sub-projects office
Direct Implement Active High
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Stakeholders Stake Roles Attitude Degree of influence
Public Transport transformation sub-projects office
Direct Implement Active High
Transport construction management sub-projects office
Direct Implement Active High
Groups impacted by the land requisition and removal and organization agencies
Direct Affected Support, worry
High
Groups impacted by the temporary land requisition and organization agencies
Direct Affected Support, worry
High
The construction process of reformation of the road line “Three vertical and two horizontal a slow” affects the daily life of surrounding groups and the operation of organizations.
Indirect
Affected Support, worry
Middle
Groups affected by the construction process of the first stage and the last stage, park and protect spot and driving training center.
Indirect
Affected Support, worry
Middle
Travellers in downtown of Harbin City Direct Beneficiary Support Low
Special groups
(Especially elderly, children and disabled)
Direct Beneficiary Support Low
4.2 Requirements of Main Stakeholders
4.2.1 Government of Harbin City
The government has dual position and effect: the first is to fulfill the
function of public management, to manage and regulate the social investment;
the second is to bear the responsibility of public investment, and provide public
service and production to public. The government plays a dual role in
HCWSPTSP as “the promoters of urban development” and “servers to citizen”
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as well.
First, project implementation can introduce WB capital, reduce the
pressure of government investment in infrastructure, and speed up the
transformation of urban development and the requirements of promoting the
process of urbanization in Harbin city;
Second, project implementation can give priorities to develop bus system,
deal with extremely cold environment, meet the requirements of citizen’s daily
travel and the construction a city comfortable to live in and convenient to
travel;
Third, project implementation can lead residents to drive green, improve
problems such as traffic congestion and environment pollution and realize
energy and greenhouse reductions;
Fourth, project implementation can realize the intelligent traffic
management, strengthen traffic safety, and realize the information and date
sharing between traffic and travellers.
4.2.2 Leader Group of HCWSPTSPand PMO of Harbin City
Harbin Government has established the leader group of HCWSPTSP.
The leader group is consist of several departments, including HMDRC, Harbin
Municipal Finance Bureau, Harbin Municipal Housing and Urban-rural
Construction Bureau, Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau, Municipal Traffic
Management Bureau, Urban Construction Investment Group co., LTD, City
Water Supply and Drainage Group and other relative units in Harbin City. They
are mainly in responsible for reviewing and determining the overall project
planning, organizing and coordinating the major issues involved in national
and municipal level, policy, system and other aspects of during the
construction of the project.
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The leader group has Project Management Office (PMO for short below),
and the PMO of this project is in Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau.
The PMO is mainly in responsible for the management of matching funds and
project.
Subproject units put forward by each project finish the whole project
construction work under the unified arrangement of the PMO. So:
PMO is mainly in charge of organization and coordination, hope for more
power to advance quickly and orderly progress of the project.
PMO hopes to organize all departments involved in the project to
strengthen the communication and coordination with each other to enhance
the efficiency of the public service through the implementation of project.
PMO hopes for the success of the construction, which will be the
performance of main leaders and staff in the agencies, and hope for reward to
improve the working condition and environment as well.
PMO hopes the leaders pay attention to them and especially give capital
support. At the same time, they hope the programs can be reduced to speed
up the project process, reduce the costs, get loan as soon as possible and
complete the tasks given by leaders.
4.2.3 Other Agencies of Government
First, they cannot benefit from the project at all, but the content of
construction is one of their main jobs. Without the project, they will suffer no
loss, and with project, they have to whip out special staff to take charge of the
work of the project and must affect other work. So the project may be a burden
to them. They hope the government can take their coordinate work into
consideration and give some office expense when necessary.
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Second, they participate passively in the administrative intervention.
Because of passive participation, government is very important during the
whole process. If the supervision of regulatory agency does not reach the
designated position, the participation may be discounted.
Figure 4-3 Symposium with Relative Government Agencies and PMO
4.2.4 Implementation Agencies
The content of the HCWSPTSP includes: the sub-project of bus priority
and public transport corridor, the construction of public transport infrastructure
sub-project, transport management and safety construction sub-project, road
maintenance and emergency response construction sub-project, and
institutional capacity construction sub-project. The project establishes Public
utility transformation sub-projects office (Construction bureau), Public
Transport transformation sub-projects office (The bus company) and the
transport management sub-projects office. It is shown below.
First, content of implementation is one of their work, they hope to take this
opportunity to improve from two aspects, institution construction and service
ability;
Second, the implementation agencies hope to improve the working
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environment and reduce the daily job stress (especially traffic police and bus
drivers) through the implementation of Cold Weather Smart Public Transport
System Project;
Third, the implementation brings many opportunities to agencies staff,
such as promotion, transformation, showing talents, etc. So they hope their
leaders can offer their full support, as well as the coordination of other
agencies.
Table 4-5 Implementation Agencies Name Unit Main contents
PMO of bus priority and public transport corridor
Construction ministry of public transport corridor of PMO
In responsible for the design and management; in responsible for putting forward requirements of function and design according to the project, coordinating relative departments taking participate in the project; in responsible for the construction quality, progress, safety, and the control management of financial management. Make joint efforts in relative work according to the requirements of the PMO.
PMO of the construction of public transport infrastructure
Public transport ministry of PMO
In responsible for the design and management; in responsible for putting forward equipment specifications and standards of function and design according to the content of the project, providing components purchasing plan and implementation plan; in responsible for the construction quality, progress, safety, and the control management of financial management. Make joint efforts in relative work according to the requirements of the PMO.
PMO of transport management and safety construction
Transport management ministry of PMO
In responsible for the design and management; in responsible for putting forward purchasing plan and implementation plan according to the content of the project; in responsible for the construction quality, progress, safety, and the control management of financial management. Make joint efforts in relative work according to the requirements of the PMO.
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4.2.5 Impacted Groups
Construction (expanding of roads, construction of bus sites, construction
of bus transfer junction stations, car par, slow bridge, the construction of
training center, etc.) cannot avoid using land, the sources of construction land
divided into urban construction land (state land), expropriation of rural
collective land transformed into urban construction land. Known by
communicating with PMO, when comes to all land, they try their best to use
existing urban construction land and instead of expropriating or removal. When
cannot be avoided, it is necessary to do a good job of land resettlement.
When expropriation and removal are involved, groups impacted by the
land requisition as impaired party, whether we can take their reasonable
requirements into full consideration, work out the proposal of the recovering of
living, livelihood and development, let them participate in the project and share
the benefit. All of these are related to the smooth construction of HCWSPTSP.
For property affected population, reasonable compensation and resettlement
are their first requirements. To households who lose their land, besides gain
their compensation of land, they hope the government can carry out method to
help them transform livelihood and improve economic status. To removal
households, we should ensure their house righting, offer monetary
compensation, and provide varied choices such as exchanging property right
and let them choose voluntarily.
4.2.6 Public transport Travellers
4.2.6.1 Travel Situation in Harbin City
A. Travel Mode
Table 4-6 Statistics of the Top Three of Citizens Travel Mode
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Top three choices
Not winter Winter
Frequency Percent(%) Frequency Percent(%)
By bus 468 31.2 477 32.5
By food 403 26.9 348 23.7
By cab 341 22.7 373 25.4
Total 1,212 80.8 1,198 81.6
Bus is the main mode of residents’ travel in Harbin City.
According to survey result, the main travel modes of resident are by bus,
by food and by cab not in winter and in winter, the total shares 80.8% and
81.6% respectively. Among them, by bus is the preferred travel mode, and
there is not big difference in seasonal distribution, about 0.8%.
B. Travel Frequency
Table 4-7 Travel Frequency of citizens
Frequency Not winter Winter
Frequency Percent(%) Frequency Percent(%)
More than once a day
185 37.0 187 37.4
Once two or three days
134 26.8 111 22.2
Once a week 94 18.8 98 19.6
Once two weeks
31 6.2 38 7.6
Once a month
32 6.4 36 7.2
Others 24 4.8 30 6.0
Total 500 100.0 500 100.0
The frequency of bus usage in Harbin City is very high. According to
the investigation result, not in winter, the percentage citizen travel by bus more
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than once a week is 82.6% when the season is not winter; it is 79.2% in winter.
In terms of season distribution, citizen will decrease the frequency of travelling
by bus.
4.2.6.2 Project Requirement of Citizens in Harbin City
The requirement of project is according to requirement of daily travel. As a
high frequency using vehicle, construction of public transport system means a
lot to citizens’ life quality. According to questionnaire, it is found that
requirements of project implementation are:
First, optimize traffic lines; connect enterprises, shopping center, hospitals,
schools, etc. with each other, to be convenient for daily travel of work, study
and life;
Second, improve bus infrastructure, especially heating equipment in
winter to improve the comfort of bus;
Third, improve the punctuality, schedule grid frequency reasonably, to
improve the serve level;
Fourth, renovate integrated bus corridor comprehensively to improve
travel environment;
Fifth, ensure smooth and safe travel environment by the construction of
intelligent information system.
4.2.7 Special Groups
Special groups involved in the project mainly content elderly, women,
children, low-income groups, disabled, minorities, foreign population, etc.
In terms of minorities, because ethnic minorities and the Han nationality
living together for a long time in Harbin, their customs and habits have great
similarity with the Han nationality, there are no sensitive spots found in the SA
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process.
The main purpose of children’s travel is to go to school and go back home.
Currently, primary schools in Harbin are divided according to area, students
mainly go to neighborhood schools, demands of taking buses are not great,
and there are no other sensitive spots found in the SA process.
Foreign population’s demands of taking buses are not big. Because they
are not familiar with the transport situation in new city, many people prefer to
take a cab. In terms of buses, they focus more on that whether some of the
electronic map functions can be increased in sites.
The SA conducted deep interview with the elderly, low-income groups and
the disabled, and compiled requirements of different groups to this project.
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Figure 4-2 Some Pictures of Symposium
During the process of interview and survey, we found that demands of all
kinds of different people for public transportation system and focus are
different.
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The dependence of low-income residents on urban public transport is the
greatest, they really want or relative want to solve these problems.
Table 4-8 The Urban Transportation Infrastructure Needs of Special Populations( The
Families Enjoying the Minimum Living Guarantee )
Families enjoying the minimum
living guarantee Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect Not expect
Doesn't matter, I
don't know
The height of the
platform must be
consistent with the
height of the vehicle’s
floor
1 0 0 0 0
Set the bar and lifting
handle 1 0 0 0 0
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities,
emergency inlet and
outlet should be set up
at the entrance
1 0 0 0 0
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
1 0 0 0 0
If the ticket price goes
up, people should be
given public transport
subsidies
1 0 0 0 0
Set up more seats for
the old, the weak, the
sick, the crippled and the
pregnant
1 0 0 0 0
In order to avoid the
urgent start and brake,
more safety education
should be given to the
drivers
1 0 0 0 0
Other 1 0 0 0 0
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The dependence of disabled on urban public transport is lower than
low-income residents and they pay more attention to the barrier-free facilities
and fares.
Table 4-9 The Urban Transportation Infrastructure Needs of Special Populations( The
Families with Disabled Persons )
The families with disabled
persons Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect Not expect
Doesn't matter, I
don't know
The height of the
platform must be
consistent with the
height of the vehicle’s
floor
1 0 1 0 0
Set the bar and lifting
handle 2 0 0 0 0
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities,
emergency inlet and
outlet should be set up
at the entrance
2 0 0 0 0
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
0 1 1 0 0
If the ticket price goes
up, people should be
given public transport
subsidies.
0 1 0 0 1
Set up more seats for
the old, the weak, the
sick, the crippled and the
pregnant.
1 0 0 0 1
In order to avoid the
urgent start and brake,
more safety education
should be given to the
drivers.
1 0 0 0 1
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The families with disabled
persons Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect Not expect
Doesn't matter, I
don't know
The height of the
platform must be
consistent with the
height of the vehicle’s
floor
1 0 1 0 0
Set the bar and lifting
handle 2 0 0 0 0
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities,
emergency inlet and
outlet should be set up
at the entrance
2 0 0 0 0
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
0 1 1 0 0
If the ticket price goes
up, people should be
given public transport
subsidies.
0 1 0 0 1
Others 0 0 0 0 0
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The elderly have the biggest concern of urban public transport, and
participate in the project more actively. They pay more attention to safe issues. Table 4-10 The Urban Transportation Infrastructure Needs of Special Populations (The
Families with Elderly People )
The families with elderly people Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect Not expect
Doesn't matter, I
don't know
The height of the
platform must be
consistent with the
height of the vehicle’s
floor
39 12 2 1 4
Set the bar and lifting
handle 40 12 3 1 2
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities,
emergency inlet and
outlet should be set up
at the entrance.
38 12 3 1 4
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
41 9 4 1 2
If the ticket price goes
up, people should be
given public transport
subsidies
34 16 2 1 5
Set up more seats for
the old, the weak, the
sick, the crippled and the
pregnant
42 13 1 1 1
In order to avoid the
urgent start and brake,
more safety education
should be given to the
drivers
46 11 1 0 0
Others 16 6 0 0 9
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4.3 Project Impact Analysis to Stakeholders
4.3.1 Government of Harbin City
Construction of urban traffic system oriented by the “convenient, efficient,
safe, comfortable” public transportation is the strategy of bus priority
implemented actively by Harbin Municipal Party Committee and Municipal
Government. They hope to improve invest environment, bring vitality for
economic development, bring brand-new appearance for city by the
construction of urban infrastructure. The project can improve the urban
transport situation, is advantageous to the urban construction, and is
advantageous to realize the sustainable development strategy with economic,
social and environmental benefits unified. And the implementation of the
project will be a performance of the government. So, the government’s
enthusiasm is very high.
4.3.2 PMO of Harbin City
The PMO of the project belongs to Leading Group of HCWSPTSP, which
set uo in Harbin Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau . It is the present key
responsibility to pass the assessment of WB for PMO smoothly, and it is one of
the most important indicators of performance from superior unit. Successes
and Failures of the Project affect PMO a lot. If successful, it could be an
important performance and could lay the foundation for application
management in future similar projects. If it fails, PMO must lose the necessity
of its existence, even facing the risk on the dissolution.
4.3.3 Other Agencies of Government
Construction of project needs help and assistance from other government
agencies. It cannot avoid increasing their workloads. On the one hand, it is the
key city-level project, on the other hand, they do not responsible for the project
and it has nothing to do with them although done well.
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4.3.4 Implementation Agency
Implementation agency is the specific implementation unit of the project,
such as the transport bureau and the traffic management bureau in Harbin.
Although they do not affect the success or failure of project directly, their work
ability, work style and professional level determine the effect of the project
directly.
The implementation increases the workloads of implementation agency,
but its success will become a performance of its main leaders. And the
implementation brings the agency budget, which helps to improve staff’s
treatment. As implementation agency, it takes social risks to some extent.
During the processes of construction and operation, if the implementation
agency cannot deal the interests with the affected people of the
land requisition or environment, it will undertake social risks.
4.3.5 Groups Impacted by the Land Requisition
The construction of the project may involve the part of gratuitous transfer
of state-owned land use right, a small amount of housing demolition and
temporary land occupy. Although the number of affected people is very little,
according to the experience of previous similar project, if the construction and
operation of the project do not deal well with the relationship between affected
people, then the propulsion of project will have a lot of resistance, in the same
way, also the project cannot operate normally after the completion. The current
laws do not allow the mandatory demolition; the demolition must obtain the
agreement of landless people. Similarly, in the project, the temporary occupies
can also cause a certain loss, relevant units should actively consulting with the
specific measures of compensation and replacement of the affected people,
ensure that affected people can get reasonable compensation, and make the
project promote smoothly.
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4.3.6 Public transport Travellers
Service objects of Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project
are urban residents, and they are the biggest beneficial. Known from the
investigation that most urban residents support the project (see 5.1), they can
express their opinions and suggestion. But they do not impact the project a lot.
4.3.7 Special Groups
Special groups are also beneficial. Known from the investigation that most
special groups support the project, but their ability of participating in the project
is weak and do not impact the project a lot. Therefore, we should carry out
public participation mechanism for them and listen to their requirements fully.
In addition, government carried out preferential policy and Standard
system for special groups. Take disabled as an example, when building,
expanding and transforming urban roads, large public building and residential
area, we should strictly enforce the barrier free design and construction
requirement, no approve and no acceptance for construction projects do not
meet the specifications.
Table 4-11 is part contents of undertakings for disabled persons in the
Harbin “twelfth five-year” development-planning outline.
Table 4-11 Harbin Undertakings for Disabled Persons in The “Twelfth Five-year”
Development-planning Outline
13. Intensify the barrier-free construction, create conditions for disabled to
participate equally in social life
-- Include the construction of barrier-free path in the annual construction
plan; complete the 4 million constructions of barrier-free blind roads in roads,
public buildings, residential areas and other places accessible.
-- According to certain proportion, set free parking garages for disabled in
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conditional public parking lots in airports, railway stations, docks, schools,
libraries, hospitals, large shopping sites, tourist attractions, etc.
-- Promote barrier-free of information communication for disabled; expand
the assistive communication business; provide low-cost, high quality service
for the disabled; realize barrier-free of information communication, and
implementing in social communication.
-- Promote the construction of voice prompt, screen subtitle, visual guiding
system in public services industry, public places, public transportation, etc.
make convenient to the disabled.
5. Mutual Adaptability Analysis of the Project and the Local
Society
About the mutual adaptability analysis of the project and the local society
(mutual adaptability for short below), the contents are as follows: first, we
should find out whether the social environment and cultural conditions of the
project location can accept and support the existence and development of the
project; Second, we should investigate the progress of the project which the
local government and residents both support; Third, we should study the
mutual adaptability between the project and the local society.
5.1 The Mutual Adaptabilities of Different Stakeholders and the Project
The relation between stakeholders and the project is impact and be
impacted. The mutual adaptabilities to the stakeholders and project, is mainly
means that according to the different interest groups, the relationship between
different stakeholders and the project, etc. identified by the stakeholder
analysis method, gain the requirements and attitude to the project of interest
groups, analyze the consequences. Specific contents include: on the one hand,
attitude and acceptability of stakeholders on the project construction and
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operation, in what aspects, to what degree they can support and cooperate
with the project; on the other hand, influence and adaptabilities on local
organizations, social structure, technology, culture and so on. Table 5-1 is the
analysis of mutual adaptabilities of between HCWSPTSP and all stakeholders.
The situation of symposium about the attitude and requirements of
stakeholders can be seen in Figure 5-1.
Table 5-1 The Mutual Adaptabilities of Different Stakeholders of Project
Stakeholders Attitudes Acceptabilities Supports and cooperation
The government of
Harbin city
Positive attitude;
Ask the PMO of the
city to approve the
project and go about
the construction as
soon as possible
Good adaptation
According to the social economic
development, consider the project
components, fund raising, policy
making and so on.
PMO of the city
Positive attitude;
Ask the Project
implementation
agencies to finish
the construction
task as soon as
possible
Good adaptation
Strengthen the communication
between the government agencies
and other related agencies, to
coordinate the relationship
between the agencies
Other government
agencies (Harbin
Municipal Finance
Bureau, Civil Affairs
Bureau,
Environmental
Protection Agency,
etc.)
Positive attitude;
Ask the Project
implementation
agencies to finish
the construction
task as soon as
possible
Good adaptation
According to the function of
different department, they should
cooperate in the sides the project
involves, participate in project
design, provide comments and
suggestions
Project
implementation
agencies (Traffic
Management
Bureau, Bureau of
Transportation,
etc.)
Positive attitude;
ask for matching
funds; go about the
construction as
soon as possible.
Good adaptation
From the perspective of
institutional demand, they should
put forward project content and
construction project after the
project has been approved.
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The people
influenced by the
land acquisition and
house demolition
Positive attitude;
ask for the
reasonable
compensation
Relatively good
adaptation
After they have accepted the
compensation and resettlement
fund, they should take the initiative
to leave the occupied land.
The people travel
by public
transportation
Positive attitude;
Ask the project
implementation
agencies to start the
construction as
soon as possible
Good adaptation
Through public participation
channels, actively participate in the
design of the project, to provide
good advice
Special crowds
Positive attitude;
ask the project
implementation
agencies to start the
construction as
soon as possible
Good adaptation
Through public participation
channels, actively participate in the
design of the project, to provide
good advice
Figure 5-1 SA Group Had A Symposium with Relative Units of HCWSPTSP
From 14th Mar. 2013 to 20th Mar. 2013, the SA group carried out the
random sampling questionnaire survey to residents nearby, passengers of
buses and personnel in enterprise and public institution long the Harbin
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intelligent public transport corridor (passage of Youyi Road, Xinyang Road and
Hongqi Street). Send 506 questionnaires in total. And 506 questionnaires were
recovered, 500 valid questionnaires. We used the SPSS statistics software to
count and analyze the statistics. About the necessity of setting up bus lanes in
Harbin, 83.4% of people think it is necessary, to the attitude to the setting up of
bus lanes in Harbin, 84.8% of people support. See Figure 5-2 and 5-3.
Figure 5-2 The Necessity Analysis of Establishing of Bus Lanes Harbin
Figure 5-3 The Necessity Analysis of Giving Space Priority to Bus Lanes
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5.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Organizations, Social
Structures
5.2.1 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Organizations
Local organizations refer to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and
urban and rural residents spontaneously formed folk organizations or groups,
etc. in the project area and benefit area.
Through field survey, there is not any kind of direct involvement of NGOs,
etc. involved in the location area of three entities of the HCWSPTSP, so they
will not affect the project. At the same time, the project as the public
infrastructure service projects, its implementation and operation are service for
internal transportation of the city, will not have direct or indirect negative
effects on the development of all types of organizations. The Figures below are
the communication process between SA group and main bus companies in
Harbin about smart public transportation system and its adaptability. The SA
group arranged the material such as the interview content and so on.
Figure 5-4 Symposium with Harbin Head Bus Company and Heilongjiang Feiyi
Passenger Transport co., LTD
Table 5-2 Content of Symposium with Harbin Head Bus Company
Time: 2:00pm on 26th Mar. 2013 Place: Conference room on 6th floor of Harbin Head Bus Company Participants: Manager Liu of Harbin Head Bus Company, Minister Zhang of operation and
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information ministry and all the team captains Process of the symposium A. Panel: Manager Liu of Harbin Head Bus Company
First, Manager Liu introduced the basic situation of the company. Harbin Head Bus Company established in 1946, is the national secondary enterprise. Now it belongs to one of the three largest state-run public transportation companies in Harbin. Company has more than 7,400 enrollment existing staff, together with more than 3,000 retired staff; the company has to burdened salary of more than 10,400 people and distributed tasks such as pensions. The company has more than 1,800 buses in total, among them, more than 1,600 buses are normal operation, and about 4,000 first line drivers, among them, more than 2,300 are in active service, near 1,700 are outside hired. The company has bus routes add up to 59, including 3 buses at night (22:00-24:00 every day), No.8 bus is “women team” in the company. All the bus routes, shipping a total of more than 80 passengers, and the transportation mileage reaches 100 million kilometers daily. Harbin Head Bus Company has seven operation sub-companies, in addition with a maintenance company as subsidiary company and a logistics company as property management company. Company team implement operation management of target responsibility.
In 2012, the operating income is 300 million Yuan. After the evaluation of operating costs, the company was still operating loss in the year. According to the instruction of Manager Liu, the company losses more than 80 million Yuan every year, now the debt is 500 million in total. Country gives subsidies on financial and subsidies on fuel every year are about 50 million Yuan and 100 million Yuan respectively on average. The main reason is policy-related losses including pension, and operational losses is small. So far, Harbin Head Bus Company has invested continuously for three years according to the investment scale of 200 buses each year, among them, the investment of the construction of the parking lot in Hailan area is nearly 300 million Yuan, in the subsequent investments, the company will gain performance by ways such as “land replacement”.
In addition, the average monthly wage of first line drivers is about 2,600 Yuan. Because the bus drivers have to get up about 4:00am, work about 14 hours average, and there is no additional commercial insurance to guarantee except compulsory insurance, the supply of drivers for 32 bus companies is very tense all the time. In terms of the specifications and configuration of the buses, the ways of maintaining is different, and after sales service for different bus brands is different, this may cause the cost high maintenance costs and delays. In terms of energy conservation and environmental protection, companies purchase a number of natural gas buses, and most of them the rear engine, pedal configuration. But because Environmental Regulatory Authorities improve the emission standers from “Ou 4” to “Ou5”, the 34 new purchased buses cannot get licensed. It shows the inflexibility of Harbin local policy. In addition, to response to the extreme cold city environment, new purchases buses are all hollow glasses, once broken, the bus has to be repaired by the factory, this kind of “industrial design trap” brings the operation of bus company heavy burden.
To the subsidies preferential policy of reducing the age enjoy discount when taking buses to 60 year old, Manager Liu regarded that the assumption is all depended on the
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Harbin finance subsidies. To the construction of barrier-free facilities, he also thought should be started with the setting of bus stops, and the possibility of sign language stops is low. In addition, Manager Liu thought the road canalization project should not be rushed to start. The smart public transportation project should priority solve urgent problems such as “waiting in warm house”, “ parking in warm house”, and the solution of “slope” and “platform” two problems, is an urgent key problem need to be solved.
At last, Manager Liu hoped that the smart public transport system construction project should configure intelligent equipment to command department of each team, improve the operation efficiency and management level in the whole company by depressing the management.
B. Panel: Minister Zhang of operation and information ministry
Minister Zhang believed the situation of “public transport rule all the world” is more convenient to provide better benefits to residents in Harbin. Now, the employment personnel scare in Harbin bus drivers market is small, the historical debts of the company itself is much, hardware facilities of first and last stops and parking are scarce, the cold winter climate as long as half a year lead to problems such as driving difficult in winter, seasonal absenteeism, etc. Based on these, Minister Zhang more money loaned by the WB can be used in the construction of infraction of parking and first and last stops; these constructions of infrastructure also had more effectiveness than new type of intelligent equipment. Moreover, after the operation of the project, he hoped the bus lanes can be “use for only buses”, project investment should take the salary of personnel in each bus company into more consideration; improve the working situation and environment. Finally, to the construction of garbage, had better to be decentralized, the location should be as reasonable as possible, to make convenience for vehicles to enter the library and reduce the cost.
C. Panel: Capital Ma, the delegate of all teams
Capital Ma, the delegate of all teams, regarded that, on the current status of the facilities, the construction of stops should give priority to the solution of public infrastructure like water supply and drainage system and so on. In addition, except bus drivers, he hoped improve working conditions for worker including cleaner and drivers, etc. by improving the level of wages and insurance level.
Table 5-3 Content of Symposium with Heilongjiang Feiyi Passenger Transport co.,
LTD
Time: 2:30pm on 27th Mar. 2013 Place: Conference room on 3rd floor of Heilongjiang Feiyi Passenger Transport co., LTD on No. 16 Feiyi Road
Participants: Manager Li Xiao-gang(13945676568)
Content:
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According to the introduction of Manager Li, Heilongjiang Feiyi Passenger Transport co., LTD is the biggest private passenger transportation company in nearly 30 private passenger transportation companies. Now, there are 402 operating buses in company, 18 of them had not gained public transport operation code in the city. The company has 10 bus routes such as No.64, No.66,etc., and has 10 bus teams. The daily traffic-counting was 300,000 person, in cold winter, it would be reduced because of students’ holiday, the reduction of out people and so on. Together with the management personnel, the company had 720 employees, including 523 first line enrolled bus drivers. In 2012, the total operation income of the company get more than 30 million, as private company, the operation of bus can only enjoy fuel subsidies. According to company accounting in 2012, operation cost is 1.1 Yuan per capita, the ticket income 1 Yuan per capita (only No.218 2 Yuan per capital) made the company overall assumes loss in recent years. Set the repair and spare parts replacement costs for all kinds of buses as an example, expenditure for the logistics every year can reach more than 300 ten thousand yuan.
In 2012, the company appeared the phenomenon of the leaving employees apply for returning to the company. On the one hand, it was because the full time salary (in strict accordance with the system of working two days rest for a day) for first line drivers had added up to 4,000 Yuan monthly, the full time salary for repairers and cleaners had added up to 3,000-3,500 Yuan; on the other hand, it was because of the freight logistics market resent years. Now, the women drivers shared the rate of about 2%, and it may related to the 12 working hours a day.
In terms of traffic accident, due to the slippery road in winter, all kinds of traffic accidents in company reached 200 in recent year. In terms of traffic accident responsibility determination, the company always bear about the 80% - 90% of the compensation, in winter, the rate may be 100%, to ensure employees can focus on their work.
As for company operation vehicles, 402 operating buses can be divided into three types, low-end and midrange and high-end, and the high-end buses were mainly No.218, and the price of each “naked bus” is about 430,000; the low-end buses were mainly and the price of No. 64, No.66, No.82, No.91, No.94 and No.218 “naked bus” is about 200,000; the midrange buses were mainly and the price of No. 68, No.86 “naked bus” is about 350,000. The rate of natural gas bus and diesel buses is about 2:1. In addition, another one need to be pointed out is that, now the GPS systems on 400 buses are “replacement” facilities, the system not only with big power consumption, but also only had the function of station reporting, and was unable to realize remote control and scheduling functions.
In terms of the punctuality and measured during bus operation, affected by the congestion and snow, the punctuality was hard to ensure present, the company benefits were also affected by the late of the bus. In addition, the company established specific telephone for complaints, 88001886, and operating buses in all bus routes all had the telephone number of team leader, in case of passengers reflecting various bus problem at any time.
Finally, in terms of laying of bus lanes, Manager Li hoped designed the bus priority corridors with causeway into Chinese bus priority corridors, and learned from the
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construction experience of bay mode bus stop in Jinan area, implement the decision making of “bus priority, fast public transport” as soon as possible, and hoped to increased treatment intensity of phenomenon such as “pedestrian run through red light”, “private cars stop at the bus stop”, improve travel safety and quality for all citizens.
Known from the symposium with two bus operation companies, these
organizations both had very high expectations to the implantation of the project,
and gave effective constructive suggestions to the possible problems and risks
during the operation process.
Finally, it should be pointed out that to ensure the construction of
HCWSPTSP loaned by WB, Harbin government has established leader group
of HCWSPTSP loaned by WB, consists by main leaders of Municipal
Development and Reform Commission, City Finance Bureau, City Housing
and Urban-rural, City Department of Transportation, City traffic police
detachment, City Water Supply and Drainage Group, City Investment
Company and other relative units or departments. The leader group is mainly
in charge of reviewing and determining the overall project planning, organizing
and coordinating the major issues involving in national and municipal level,
policy, system and other aspects of during the construction process of the
project.
From the perspective of the operation situation of WB leader group in
Harbin City, Harbin can solve all kinds of problems in time, and has promoted
the orderly development of the whole project.
5.2.2 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Social Structures
The content of social structures in fact is the main body of the
society—people and their survival activities—the existence mode of social
activity and social relationship, generally performance for: a) population
structure; b) combined structure of population; c) position structure (the
subordinate group class in society); d) the survival spatial structure; e) lifestyle
structure; f) the composition and mutual relations, etc. of various aspects in all
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areas like social, economic, political, legal, cultural, and so on.
The latest data in Harbin Bureau of Statistics in 2011shows that, the birth
rate, was 8.3‰, the death rate was 5.6‰, the natural population growth rate
was 2.7‰, the average household population was 2.7, the population sex ratio
of male to female was 101.62, and had a certain “demographic dividend”. In
terms of economic structure, in 2011 in Harbin, the local GDP was 424.22
billion, among them, the primary industry accounted for 10.5%, the second
industry accounted for 38.8%, and the third industry accounted for 50.7%.
Obviously, Harbin economic growth mainly depends on tourism and service
industry, etc. The industry types will be more performance for labor-intensive
industry. In 2011 in Harbin urban per capita disposable income was 20,031
Yuan, annual per capita net income of farmers reached 9,608 Yuan.
It can be seen from the data analysis above, the social structure
adjustment including population structure and industrial structure, has brought
the increase of residents’ income, at the same time, the demand for urban
infrastructure will also increase, the construction of HCWSPTSP will speed up
the rapid transition of social structure. Actually, most of sub-projects of
HCWSPTSP are located in urban area, and the land is state-owned urban
planed construction land, the family population structure of affected groups in
project area is mainly nuclear family, the combined structure of population is
relatively complex. Harbin as the political, economic and cultural center of
Heilongjiang Province, the social structure in the construction of the project
and service area has the common characteristics of domestic large and
medium-sized cities, has certain urgency to the demand of the smart public
transport system construction project, so the degree of social mutual
adaptability is very high. The other way round, the implementation of Harbin
smart public transport system project also has a good role in improving the city
public service level, improving the quality of residents’ life in the city and
optimizing social structure.
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5.3 The Adaptability Between the Project and the Local Technology, Culture
Conditions
5.3.1 Whether Local Technology Meet The Requirements of Project
From the perspective of the project cycle, local technology includes the
construction technology during the construction process and project
management techniques in the operation process. To judge whether local
technology can meet the requirements of the project construction and
operation management, is to review that whether there are implementing
agencies and management institutions with a corresponding qualification
during the construction period and operation period. The construction and
operation of the sub-projects of HCWSPTSP and the management institutions
selected the constructing and operating units for sub-project with technical
qualifications meet the requirements of the WB according to the requirements
of WB project. The formation of the urban comprehensive transportation
planning, public transport special planning, etc. has carried out a number of
subject research and technology innovation of infrastructure projects, solved a
serious of key technical problems by the cooperation with scientific research
institutions, consulting firms, etc. Table 5-4 below is the research professionals
to be employed during preparation stage of the project in Harbin.
Table 5-4 Research Professionals to Be Employed during Preparation Stage of The
Project in Harbin
No. Type No. Note 1 Sociologists and economists 2 2 Urban planners 3
3 Environmental experts and expert in energy conservation and emissions reduction
2
4 Experts in urban road safety and traffic management
2
5 Urban public transport experts 3
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No. Type No. Note 6 Financial experts 1 7 Agency experts 1
5.3.2 Whether Cultural Conditions Conflict with The Project
The cultural conditions in project location mainly refer to cultural factors
such as ethnic, religious and customs in the construction and operational use
areas of each sub-project of Harbin smart public transport system would be
able to understand project, welcome and support the smart public
transportation, construction and use.
Through the visit to ethnic and religious committee and national schools in
Harbin, we knew that the urban area of Harbin is a multi-ethnic scattered
mixed city. In Harbin, there are 40 kinds of minorities, more than 200,000
minority population, a Man Nationality village, 10 ethnic villages, 2 fixed-point
production enterprises for ethnic minorities supplies, nearly thousand various
ethnic minority enterprises in all forms of ownership, 2 national hospitals, 12
national primary and secondary schools and kindergartens, a minority culture
and art group, 6 fellowship groups of ethnic minorities and 2 tombs for Hui
Nationality, but all these minority areas is located in each count and village in
Harbin, there is no minority area in project area. In addition, as the capital city
in Heilongjiang Province, there are tens of thousands of ethnic minority migrant
population to Harbin learning, working and doing business. Due to years of live
scattered, minority population in urban area has been integrated into the local
customs of Harbin and use local language, these existing ethnic minority
culture and customs has no clash with the design, implementation and
operation, etc. of the project. According to the suggestions by Harbin Ethnic
and Religious Affairs Committee, because sites from Hongqi Street to
Tongxiang Street scattered more Korean citizens, they hope to set up Chinese
and Korean bilingual road signs in this section and report bilingual in these
stations. Based on the evaluation of the social impact, in fact, the construction
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of the project also has benefit to promote the synchronous development of
ethnic minority social economy and the Harbin City, promote national unity and
harmony.
At the same time, according to the information provided by Harbin Ethnic
and Religious Affairs Committee, there are a variety of religions coexisting in
the city, including 6 kinds of religion such as Buddhism, Taoism, Islam,
Catholicism, Christianity and Orthodox. There are 6 citywide religion patriotic
groups (City Buddhist Association, City Taoism Association, City Islam
Association, City Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, City Christian
Three-self Patriotic Association, and City Christianity Association). There are
56 religious activity places in total in urban area, and near 150,000 of masses
of all kinds of faith. However in the about 200 meters away from three corridors
of public transport project of HUIPTSP, there is no religion and ritual facilities.
In fact, after the completion of the project, the improvement and optimization of
the bus network will make convenient for believers to participate in religious
activities, and will provide a good hardware facilities and more human service
environment.
6. Social Risk Analysis
The implementation of the project often has negative impacts on the
project surrounding residents; these impacts may become a source of
intensifying social conflicts. The focuses to analysis and discuss in SA report
are how to identify in advance the negative impacts of a project that may lead
to social risks, and propose measures and recommendations to avoid or
mitigate social risks.
6.1. Identification of Social Risk
6.1.1 Social Risks in the Early Phase of Projects
Based on analysis of the contents of project construction and make
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interviews one by one to Municipal Construction Committee, Transportation
Bureau, Traffic Management Bureau, City Management Bureau and other
departments, the social risks faced during the preparation phase of
HCWSPTSP mainly include the following aspects:
First, degree of information disclosure is not enough, lacking of public
participation
From project preparation process and related interviews we can see that
the degree of information disclosure is not enough. Neither the common
people nor the government departments such as Land Resources Bureau and
Civil Affairs Bureau do not know the project and project content. The project
information disclosure and public participation have further room for
improvement.
Second, agency risk
Agency risk is different from other risks above. It is a kind of internal risk,
decision-making risk and risk of project implementation caused by the
establishment of the project temporary agencies and the following authority
conflict and benefit conflict. As introduced earlier, the main contents of this
project belong to the transaction scope of Transportation Bureau. There are
inconsistencies between the institutional responsibilities in the project and the
actual institutional responsibilities in project implementation process, which
need to further straighten out the clear distinctions, to guarantee that the
project preparation and project implementation can be carried out smoothly.
Third, lack of World Bank Project experience, consciousness and concept
of inclusive development is not very strong
From pre-project preparation process can be seen, the PMO has strong
project preparation and management capabilities, but overall the project other
relevant agencies, grasping and understanding of the policies of World Bank
project are not comprehensive nor fully. Performance in the lack of
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understanding of some concepts, some ideas in the project, and is still not in
project preparation, such as the design of the project is still not fully consider
the factors of these policies of the World Bank.
6.1.2 Social Risks during Construction Phase
Generally speaking, social risks of the project construction period on the
one hand perform to create noise, dust and other environment risks caused by
project construction after each sub-entity commencing; on the other hand,
these social risks also include personal injury, risk of work missing, temporary
land use and other risks.
Specific to HUIPTSP, the predictions of social risks during construction
phase can be summarized as follows:
First, bus priority public transport corridor project
Youyi road channel (TongGang street - highway bridge), Xinyang Road
channel (Xiangzheng Street – Jincheng Street), and Hongqi Street Channel
(Dongzhi Road - Tongxiang street), these three bus priority corridor length is
21.59 km. No matter road renovation, or road widening and upgraded, these
projects will inevitably produce the common noise, air, solid waste and other
environmental risks of municipal engineering project construction process in
the construction process, the increase in the frequency block traffic, traffic
accidents and other traffic management increased risk also appears. In
addition, the control signals and canalization system, information publishing
system on the platform, and other information technology equipments during
the intelligent public transport corridor construction (BC - 2) subproject, have
some procurement risks, such as that the quality and the model is not in
conformity with requirements.
In the sub-construction environmental risks that may arise, for example, in
the process of bus priority corridors construction, daytime construction noise
interfere with residents’ work and production along the roadsides, nighttime
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construction noise interfere with residents’ rest and living along the roadsides.
During project construction, road surface excavation, construction dregs and
construction materials will inevitably pile up along the way, rain construction
dregs, building materials after rain washed and vehicle rolling, then the roads
become muddy, these will affect the excavation of the road near the landscape
and tidy. Construction of road excavation, bare ground surface in case of
rainfall, may have a certain amount of soil erosion, while the excavation of
surface vegetation brings destruction. Laying new pavement and the
transformation is complete; must recover the corresponding sections of green,
reduce soil erosion and restore most of the vegetation.
Second, public transportation infrastructure projects
Public transportation infrastructure subprojects are planning for the
HUCWSPTSP. The subprojects plan to build public transport hub stations, bus
terminals and bus shelters, which are suitable for extremely cold environment,
purchase new buses suitable for alpine areas, and build public transport
intelligent management platform. All of these aims at enhancing the level of
public transportation infrastructure modernization, making public transport
infrastructure construction level coincide with the public transport corridor
construction level, and improving the level of public transport services. As for
the content of the project, the project mainly includes the terminal construction
and equipment procurement. Compared with equipment procurement, the
terminal construction is necessary for the municipal engineering construction.
Temporary occupation of land, dust pollution, water pollution, vegetation
deterioration and other social risks will arise. During the construction process,
many construction machineries and transport vehicles need to be used. These
devices will undoubtedly radiate strong noise, which will affect the normal life
of nearby residents. Among these devices, construction machineries mainly
include excavators, bulldozers, loaders, bulldozers and the others. Transport
vehicles include all kinds of trucks, dump trucks. Table 6-1 shows the noise
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levels of all kinds of construction machinery equipment, which would be used
during the construction process of Harbin cold weather smart transport system
project.
Table 6-1 The Noise Levels of All Kinds of Construction Machinery Equipment
Unit: dB(A)
Number Mechanical types
The distance between observation point and construction equipment(m)
LMax
1 Wheel loader 5 90
2 Land leveller 5 90
3 Movable roller 5 86
4 Double vibration road roller 5 81
5 Three wheeled roller 5 81
6 Pneumatic tyred roller 5 76
7 Bulldozer 5 86
8 Hydraulic wheel excavator 5 84
9 Paver 5 87
10 Generator 5 98
11 Truck 5 92
12 Concrete mixer 5 91
13 Concrete pump 5 95
14 Mobile crane 5 96
15 Hammers and rock drills 5 98
16 Vibratory machine 5 84
17 Air wrench 5 95
In this project the possible risk of temporary land use analysis as an
example. For affected residents of project temporary land use, temporary land
compensation fees must be in place, otherwise there will be residents impede
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project construction and lead to social risk of the project construction period
delay, conflict risks of affecting social stability and harmony may also exist.
After the completion of the supporting infrastructure projects, ensure that
residents of temporary land use can timely use the land after the
reconstruction, does not affect the residents' normal production and work.
Construction period of temporary land use should fully protect the affected
residents in the economic and social benefits.
Third, others
From the planning and construction schemes of the other three
subprojects, we can see that, traffic management and safety construction
project, road maintenance and emergency response project, and agency
capacity building project, the main contents of these projects include the
equipment procurement, installation and personnel training, etc. During
construction period, the social risk is mainly traffic chaos phenomena such as
temporary traffic congestion may occur when Harbin city public traffic is in the
equipment debugging and personnel training period.
As can be seen from the analysis above, Harbin cold weather smart
transportation system projects may bring a certain degree of negative effects
in project construction period, but these effects are small scale, short, social
risk it brings in a sense can be characterized as the necessary project cost.
However, for temporary land occupation, etc., if the construction workers and
local residents do not have good communication, some minor contradictions
without timely mitigation, it may also produce more violent social conflicts.
6.1.3 Social Risks during Operation Phase
After HCWSPTSP put into operation, social risks may exist in the
following areas:
First, ticket price increase problem
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The survey found that Harbin people are more sensitive to prices after the
implementation of the project. 88.4% of residents believe that the current price
ticket is reasonable, 87.8% of the people want to be able to maintain the
project after the completion of the current fare.
Figure 6-1 public evaluation of the existing fare
Figure 6-2 public fares hope of the project after the completion
All kinds of interview process to carry out in the social group also can be
seen that, older age groups and parts of disabilities are especially sensitive to
fares. Some respondent people even said that if the project is completed and
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fares increase, then they will change the way to travel, no longer take the bus.
Because their original income is not high, according to the current fare, they
are now spending 60 yuan fare of about a month, which for the lower income
groups (the elderly, disabled people, their retirement income or monthly
income of the majority is only 1000-1500 yuan), is already a large expense, if
the ticket price increase after the completion of the project, that would reduce
their quality of life.
Second, operational management aspects issues
Operational management aspects issues are firstly reflected on some still
remaining function limitations of new public transport such as bus and bus stop,
which are like the limitations in nowadays bus operation system that make the
urban residents refuse to take the bus. Based on the residents' questionnaire
survey along the bus priority corridor in Harbin City, 17.3% of people think the
main reason that prompte residents to change to bus is "bus clean,
well-maintained", 14.9% of people considered "bus station can provide more
intelligent information", 14.0% of people considered to be "add new bus lines
in home and travel destination", 12.8% of people considered to be" a warm site
facility ", 12.4% of people considered to be" public transportation safer "(see
Table 6-2). 28.4% of people think the main reason that do not take bus is
"working hours too crowded", 21.5% of people considered" bus did not run
"(see Table 6-3). After the operation of the project, if the various factors that
promoting public to change to take bus cannot function, or the factors that
promoting public not to change to take bus cannot improve, then the effect of
the project itself without regulations, will become social risk in first operation
period that Harbin City Smart Transport System project faced.
Table 6-2 The Reasons Prompting Change to Take Bus
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Cumulative
selection (times) Percentage (%)
Bus station can provide more
intelligent information 164 14.9%
More clean, well-maintained
buses 190 17.3%
Bus faster
(If the bus professional channel) 136 12.4%
Add new bus lines in home and
travel destination 154 14.0%
Reduced fares 120 10.9%
Transfer to other modes of
transportation more efficient 79 7.2%
Warm site facilities 141 12.8%
Public transport safer 53 4.8%
There are old, weak, sick and
disabled dedicated bus seat 27 2.5%
Bus transfer deals 37 3.4%
Total 1101 100.0%
Table 6-3 The Reasons Prompting Not to Take Bus
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Cumulative
selection (times) Percentage (%)
Parking easier 64 6.1%
Subway station opened 132 12.5%
The bus is not on time 226 21.5%
Bus is too crowed in work
time 299 28.4%
Easier and safer to cross the
road 48 4.6%
Cheaper fuel costs 30 2.9%
Have the ability to buy a car 112 10.6%
Public bus station Rent a
bike 26 2.5%
Have the ability to buy
electric vehicles 26 2.5%
There are not old, weak, sick
and disabled dedicated bus
seat
36 3.4%
Other 35 3.3%
Not changed 18 1.7%
Total 1052 100.0%
In addition, for the operation of the smart public transportation system, as
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traffic management and safety construction project, road maintenance and
emergency response project, and agency capacity building project, these three
subprojects mainly rely on the procurement of information and electronic
equipment to operate, the possible social risks during the project operation will
focus on noise pollution and radiation pollution, which are caused by
equipment operation. In addition, the management and use risks caused by
the equipment’s poor quality, high difficulty of maintenance and network virus
attacks in project operational phase is also inevitable. Besides, in the
application process of these devices, the risk of the city public traffic
participants approve and accept these intelligent transportation equipment
also need to be test through practice after operation of the project.
For bus priority public transport corridors and public transport
infrastructure these two subprojects, after completion of the project, because
the procurement of the bus capacity increases, and more for the low-carbon
environmental protection, reduce a lot of harm to the surrounding social
environment especially to the surrounding noise, air and other ecological
factors compared before completion of the project. However, during the project
operation, increasing number of vehicles and other factors brought by the
improvement of bus lines will lead the increase of motor vehicle exhaust
emissions, vehicle leakage oil and other harmful substances scattered on the
road year by year, once these pollutants with rainfall runoff into water bodies,
the water quality will have an impact; On the other hand, even if the new
purchase bus can use natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas of low pollution
fuel, but as a means of transport is still inevitably produce carbon monoxide,
nitrogen dioxide, car exhaust smoke, hydrocarbons, etc.
6.2. Mitigating Measures
6.2.1 Measures for Risk Mitigating at Early Stage of Project
(a) Risk Mitigating of Land Acquisition, House Demolition and
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Resettlement
Any construction of the project are required to use some of the land, land
occupation, buildings, structures compensation and relocation cannot be
completely separated from project construction. For risk of land acquisition and
house demolition, it is usually required by optimizing the project design to
reduce the impact of land acquisition, house demolition and resettlement, to
develop a detailed plan of land acquisition, house demolition and resettlement
or prepare policy framework for potential resettlement risk constraints, in order
to mitigate risk.
In the project planning, design stage, land departments should be
involved as early as possible to make sure land ownership, prepare the
relevant plans in advance, and timely adjust the master plan of land use, and
strive to make project land reasonable, legalization. Match with Harbin‘s
master development plan, try to save the city construction land, in residential
areas, schools, hospitals, shopping malls, stations and other sensitive areas
should be the reasonable location, to reduce the number of house demolition.
While the need for relocation of ground attachments, including the house,
should be a really good job relocation compensation work, strictly in
accordance with national, Heilongjiang Province's and Harbin City's relevant
policies and compensation standards, timely payment of all compensation
costs. Maintain the public participation rights and legitimate interests;
guarantee the standard of living and production status of theirs.
(b) Avoid Social Risk and Policy Risk Caused by Dismantling the Building or
Illegal Demolition
PMO should try to organize, coordinate Land and Resource Bureau,
Department of Transportation, Traffic Management Bureau, project design
units as soon as possible, to jointly survey the scene, early identification of
project scope, started investigation in a timely manner, to ascertain the exact
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amount of influence. At the same time, familiar with World Bank's policies as
soon as possible, ready ahead of compensation funds according to the
requirement of World Bank social protection policies.
(c) Dissolve the Risk of Inadequate Information Disclosure and Public
Participation
Through a variety of media in various forms introduce and promote the
project to the public, public participation in this project, encourage different
community stakeholders to participate in the project effectively and actively,
optimize project design and management.
(d) Resolving Organizational Risk
Clarify institutional responsibilities and responsibilities with the project of
each agency, coordinated by the leadership team, project management
meetings should be held regularly and they should communicate and solve the
problems the projects encounter.
(e) Resolving the Management Agencies and Executive Agencies’
Inexperience to World Bank Project
Enhance training and study for project management and executing
agency, introducing World Bank policies comprehensive and detailed,
promoting the project can benefit more people, achieving scientific
management, promoting inclusive development in project area.
6.2.2 Risk Aversion Measures During Construction
After the red line graph and the construction scheme of each subproject of
Harbin clod weather smart transport system project has been determined, and
then the construction phase begins. According to each subproject’s project
content, features, process, scale and personnel's quality and ability of project
implementation, the risk aversion measures during construction can be divided
into ecological environment risk avoidance measures and compensation for
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temporary land to avoid risk. The bus priority public transport corridors and
public transport infrastructure projects, as the basic support projects loaned by
World Bank, are the main targets of risk aversion in the construction phase.
First, Ecological Environment Risk Avoidance Measures
(a) Avoidance Measures of Noise Pollution
After the construction phase of supporting infrastructure, including the
construction of canalized inter section, hub station and first and last stop along
the integrated urban transport corridors and public transport corridor, the
approach of various types of construction equipment and personnel are often
the first to bring noise pollution. According to the universal experience of
municipal construction projects in the construction phase, generally taking
Changed construction methods to alleviate the problem that noise sometimes
up to 85dB (such as piling operations) at the construction site, such as the job
which have powerful noise source can be placed on the daytime (06:00 ~
22:00) or making appropriate adjustments of various construction machinery
operation time. To reduce the sound source of transport of materials
percussion, people’s shouting and other construction activities during
construction, contractors need to construct civilly and strengthen the effective
management measures to mitigate the problem. For the construction site
within 150 meters away from the residential areas, construction machineries
have large noise at night (22:00 to 06:00) should stop. Work sites which must
be continuous constructed, the construction unit should promptly get in touch
with the local environmental protection department depending on the specific
circumstances, apply for night construction permit and announced to utmost
strive for people's understanding, cooperation and support. Sampling and
monitoring the sensitive points close to the construction site, such as Huaxing
primary and Corning homes near the railway street, take noise canceling
measures such as mobile type or build temporary noise barriers depending on
the monitoring results. Finally emphasized that construction unit should
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instruct construction unit to post notice at the construction site and public
complaints telephone of the project period. After receiving the report, the
construction unit should promptly get in touch with the local environmental
protection department to timely process a variety of environmental disputes.
(b) Avoidance Measures of Water Pollution
Construction materials of harbin cold weather smart transportation system
projects used in building the transport, stacking process will cause dust, have
a definite impact on nearby water bodies. In addition, if the storage of asphalt,
oil and chemicals is improper care, it will be washed into the water easily, and
pollute the water environment. In this regard, it is recommended engineering
contracting contract shall express the terms for the transport process of road
building materials (such as asphalt, oilseeds, chemicals, etc.) to prevent the
sprinkle leak, and other problem. Also, various materials disposal site shall not
be located in the vicinity of rivers or irrigation canals to avoid them flowing into
the water bodies with the rain and causing surface water pollution. In addition,
concrete mixing station and precast field need to be set during construction in
the project. In which, the process of aggregate cleaning and concrete curing
will produce a certain wastewater, suspended solids are principal pollutants by
cleaning aggregate, concrete curing water is in high pH, the part of the waste
water shall be recycled to the grit chamber to recycle supernatant water after
precipitation, after mud and debris and other are settled down they will backfill
embankment. Again, while along the bus corridor, particularly within 100 m of
the shore of the river, there cannot be stacked or dumping of any materials
containing hazardous substances or wastes, close the river, forbidding earth
borrowing and temporary spoil, disposal site of construction materials such as
asphalt, oil, chemicals and other harmful substances should be located barrier
measures and Gabon cloth covered to reduce pollution caused by rain wash,
prohibit spilling water, construction waste shall not be discharged directly into
the river. Finally, the project construction departments should make sure soil
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and water along the highway are conserved to reduce soil erosion, making
reasonable arrangements for construction period to avoid and reduce roadbed
excavation in the rainy season, and trying to achieve dig and fill balance,
reduce the amount of earthwork stacking, constructing in strict accordance
with the design of water conservation measures.
(c) Avoidance Measures of Atmospheric Pollution
Compared to mining and other projects, the air pollution of public
transportation projects is much lower; the atmospheric pollution of smart
transportation projects of Harbin mainly adjusts pollution (PM2.5, etc.).
Therefore, hardening measures or watering for the construction and
transportation road surface is required to be adopted during materials
transport, road excavation and material processing in outdoor project; they
should strengthen watering or increase watering times in arid windy weather.
Strengthen management for stacking easy lost materials is needed, setting
wind-break walls around it, and arranging stacking position reasonably, If
necessary, blending additives or spray lubricant on stacking surface to
stabilize the material to minimize the amount of dust of all types equipment.
(d) Avoidance Measures of Solid Waste Pollution
Bus priority public transport corridors and public transport infrastructure
projects, mostly are engineering and construction facilities, the solid waste
generated during construction mainly includes construction debris and
construction workers’ garbage. For the use of these pollutants, on the one
hand the construction garbage of these projects can be partially used for site
leveling of construction camp and temporary area, and the rest of the
construction waste and construction personnel garbage will need to be
collected and sent to the nearest municipal solid waste landfill.
(e) Precautionary Measures for Impacts on Vegetation
The risk avoidance of HCWSPTSP regarding ecological environment
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mainly focus on the protection of urban various green vegetation.. Before the
construction of the project, the construction unit should develop a reasonable
construction schedule, try to avoid the rainy season, and prepare slope
protection and drainage facilities well before the rainy season. Also,
construction area should be pre-planned, and construction operations should
be strict controlled within a specified area to avoid disturbing more land and
destroying more vegetation. During the construction phase, the construction
unit shall purchase in legal stockyard, and the procurement contract signed
with stockyard shall explicitly assume the responsibility for soil erosion.
Second, Compensation for Temporary Land
According to China's Land Management Law, the temporary land user
shall use the land as the contract, not build permanent structures. After the
temporary use of land expired, the temporary land units and individuals is
responsible for the restoration of the original land use situation; if there are any
unrecoverable losses, they shall bear the corresponding economic
compensation responsibilities. Temporary use of land shall generally not
exceed two years. During the construction of Harbin cold weather smart
transportation system project, in order to ensure construction quality and
reduce environmental pollution, the settings of concrete mixing plant, precast
yard, hazardous materials dumps and wind wall for easy loss materials, is
bound to occupy or affect residents within a certain range of production and
commonly used living spaces. After the project construction period is
determined, the construction unit should speed up the construction progress,
and make temporary land compensation standards for the identification and
issuance work.
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6.2.3 Risk Aversion Measures During the Operation
6.2.3.1. Issue of Fares
In the pre-project coordination meeting, the Development and Reform
Commission of Harbin has committed to not raising their prices after the
completion of the project. Accordingly, there are no social risk results from
fares increase
6.2.3.2. Operational Management Issues
As the giant city in the northern cold area, Harbin’s bus operation
management has the distinctive geographical and northern Frigid Zone
features. First, bus travel area is concentrating; public transport corridor effect
is obvious. Before the project construction, the public transportation corridors
that involved in the project have become the Harbin traffic "bottleneck". And
the city main road - public transport corridor where these “bottleneck” sections
are, concentrates the larger proportion of bus trips. Besides, these sections
have much more traffic, more road congestions and lack infrastructure to
ensure bus priority, so the overall level of bus operation is low. Second, as
winter is long and cold, "Three difficulties" exists in starting car, driving car and
waiting car. The winter of Harbin is about 6 months, average temperature
20.3 ℃ , which has more than 210 days under -10 ℃ . In such a low
temperature, outdoor parking lot vehicle cannot be started in the morning, only
through a midnight launch or torch baking methods to start vehicles; because
the temperature is very low, it is hard for the passengers to wait in the outdoor
for a long time. Under normal circumstances, the passengers will feel whole
body cold if the waiting time is more than eight minutes; 15 minutes you can
feel beneath the icy; more than 30 minutes, people tend to choose other
modes of transport. The people who can only take bus due to various reasons
will complain.
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Therefore, for the social risk aversion caused by operating Harbin cold
weather smart transportation system projects, first demonstrated that various
types of facilities for smart transportation in the new alpine city improve
deficiencies and flaws in current bus operators, strengthen existing bus service
to which given a higher rating by residents, really improve human project
management and the quality of public transport services, facilitate the city's
public travel needs of various groups as far as possible. Meanwhile, in view of
the new procurement traffic safety and management equipment, road
maintenance and maintenance equipment has a relatively high technological
content, therefore, be sure to establish a complete set of equipment and
vehicle operation, management, repair and maintenance system, and to
establish the appropriate mechanisms response to the special alpine climate
to ensure that these support facilities are benign operation in later period.
During the HCWSPTSP operation, social risk aversion measures,
especially display in ecological environment risk aversion such as noise,
exhaust gas, wastewater and solid wastes; the risk of reservations and
reduction associated with traffic operation, such as transport chaos and traffic
accident crime; In addition, the human body radiation and others brought by
the intelligent information technology equipment also need to be prevented
and evade.
Among the five sub-projects covered by this project, bus priority public
transport corridors and public transport infrastructure projects are the
subprojects mainly operating outside after the completion of the project.
According to the construction content of the two subprojects, in the
construction ( BC-1 ) of bus priority corridors, to implement "local
non-separation", dedicated lanes shall be designed for the slow system, and
focus on the roadside greening and slow environmental optimization. This not
only helps reduce bodily harm to pedestrians caused by vehicle exhaust,
irregular whistle, etc., but also facilitate urban sanitation sector to set up a
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targeted set of noise isolation facilities, automobile exhaust purification device
and garbage bins in the motor vehicle lanes and slow track.
According to the main components and sources of pollutants, the air
pollution risk aversion, during the operation after completion of the project, on
the one hand to strengthen road management and road maintenance, keep
the roads good operating condition, reduce vehicle exhaust emissions; on the
other hand, strictly implement national emissions standards to strengthen law
enforcement efforts of vehicle administration to reduce exhaust emissions.
Transport vehicles easy to produce dust also need to cover tarp to prevent
contamination flying spilled during the transportation.
Finally, risk aversion measures of solid waste during the operation mainly
relying on the existing road transport sector, the urban management
department and sanitation department of Harbin City, solid waste generated by
maintenance personnel and travelers is primarily domestic waste, these
wastes can conveniently sent to municipal waste landfill sites.
7. The Sustainability Analysis of the Project
The sustainability analysis of the project is concerned about the overall
analysis of the project’s lifecycle. The content is as follow: Whether the effects
of the project can continue to play, what conditions this project need, whether
the beneficiaries of the project are able to continue to bear the cost of the
project and whether there are potential beneficiaries to prevent the
construction and operation of the project.
7.1. The Sustainability Analysis of the Social Benefit
Social effect is the value of the project. From the perspective of the social
benefit of project, HCWSPTSP is an urban transportation infrastructure
projects. As one of the people's livelihood engineering, its social benefits are
obvious. In the project preparation phase, the social assessment team has
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111
respectively carries on the discussion and interview with the elderly group
organized by Harbin city Aging Committee, women group arranged by Harbin
city Women's Federation, disabled group settled by Harbin city Disabled
Federation, urban low-income groups coordinated by Harbin city Civil Affairs
Bureau, and leaders of middle school and primary school grouped by Harbin
city Education Bureau. These social groups generally have an optimistic and
supportive attitude to the project’s operation prospect; they also actively put
forward the optimized proposals for the potential social risks of the project.
The social benefit of the project should be based on the existence of the
project. The social benefit of the project plays a necessary condition for the
sustainable social effects: the beneficiaries have an incentive to ensure the
operation of the project and the losers of the project will not block the
implementation of the project. From the point of project construction content,
the sustainability analyses of the social benefit are as follow Table 7-1:
Table 7-1 The Sustainability Analysis of the Social Benefit
Categories Beneficiaries Losers
Bus priority public
transport corridor
project
Direct beneficiaries are all
kinds of people along the
corridor. As long as the project
can improve the transportation
infrastructure along the road,
beneficiaries will actively
support project operation.
Losers are mainly the
households influenced
by temporary area.
Since these effects are
in a short period of time,
disappearing after the
project, on the basis of
full coordination, these
losers will don't hinder
the smooth
implementation of the
project.
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Public transport
infrastructure
project
Beneficiaries are all kinds of
people in the region where
infrastructure is. As long as the
project quality can be
guaranteed, beneficiaries will
actively support project
operation.
Losers are mainly the
households influenced
by temporary area.
Because the
construction scope of
the sub-project is
narrow, the disturbance
degree is low to the
surrounding residents,
and the social benefits;
these losers will don't
hinder the smooth
implementation of the
project.
Traffic
management and
safety
construction
projects
The city traffic management
departments and their staffs,
and urban traffic participants
will benefit. The improvement
of the traffic will make them
actively support project
operation.
Losers are mainly the
traffic management
equipment operators
and the groups who find
it is difficult to accept
new transport facilities.
Necessary protective
equipment and the
conduct propaganda of
knowledge of traffic are
the main ways to reduce
the damage.
Road
maintenance and
emergency
The residents along the roads
of the city will be will directly
benefit. The quality of the
Losers are mainly the
road maintenance and
emergency personnel
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response project project implementation directly
decides the degree of support
of the travel groups for the
project operation
who are affected by the
potential occupational
disease. Necessary
protective equipment is
the main way to reduce
the damage.
Institutional
capacity building
projects
Direct beneficiaries are mainly
the operational management
institutions and the trainees of
each subproject. On-site
interview shows that they are
very supportive of the initiation
of the project.
No losers
Specific to the social benefits of the harbin cold weather smart transport
system project in the foreseeable period, the implementation of the project will
make the road network structure of transportation system more perfect and let
the bus travel more convenient and comfortable. On the other hand, it is
beneficial to increase urban residents’ travel range, reduce time costs of
travelling, improve traffic safety, and reduce the loss of life and property due to
traffic accident. To achieve “pedestrian + bike + public transport,” the main
urban green is transported by vigorously developing public transportation. In
this kind of mode of transport, the energy consumption of walking and
travelling by bike is zero. However, when we take a bus, per person per
kilometer energy consumption is much lower than that of cars. If the bus
energy consumption is 1, than the car's energy consumption is 8.1. The energy
consumption of subway, light railway and other means of transport see Table
7-2.
Table 7-2 All Kinds of Transportation Energy Consumption
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Transport
categories
Energy
consumption per
kilometer per
person
Transport
categories
Energy
consumption per
kilometer per
person
Car 8.1 Subway 0.5
Motorcycle 5.6 Light railway 0.45
Bus (cycling) 1 Tram 0.4
Bus (exclusive
way)
0.8 Bicycle 0
Generally speaking, the project implementation will promote the tourist
industry, trade, market, living, traffic, atmospheric environment and other
aspects into a new step. These have an important reference and
demonstration effect for the development and construction of other cities of
Heilongjiang province.
7.2. The Sustainability Analysis of the finance
The HCWSPTSP contains five subprojects: bus priority public transport
corridor project, public transportation infrastructure project, traffic management
and safety construction project, road maintenance and emergency response
project, and institutional capacity building project. The total investment of the
project is 1.45 billion and it intends to apply for the World Bank loan of $100
million (about 650 million yuan). The rest of the money is from local
government and the domestic counterpart fund comes from the local
self-financing, including financial investment, subsidy funds, the urban
supporting fees, and land transfer fund. Capital budget of each subproject see
the Table 7-3:
Table 7-3 Capital Budget of Each Subproject
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115
Content
project
Sequence
number
Project name Budget (ten
thousand
yuan)
Subtotal (ten
thousand
yuan)
Bus priority
public
transport
corridor project
BC-1 Bus priority
corridors
construction of
25.23 km
37,845 47,065
BC-2 Intelligent
public transport
corridor
construction
9,220
Public
transportation
infrastructure
project,
BI-1 Public
transport
infrastructure
44,662 73,486
BI-2 Bus
procurement
10,000
BI-3 Public
transport
intelligent
construction
18,824
Traffic
management
and safety
construction
project
BRS-1 Bus priority and
road safety
signal control
system
1,876 8,936
BRS-2 Bus priority,
road safety
monitoring and
3,119
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law
enforcement
system
BRS-3 Bus priority and
road safety
scheduling
command
center system
3,941
Road
maintenance
and
emergency
response
project,
BRM-1 Bus priority
road and
geographic
information
management
system
1,800 10,349
BRM-2 Bus priority
road
maintenance
equipment
purchase
3,840
BRM-3 Traffic safety
special
purchases of
motor vehicles
4,709
Institutional
capacity
building project
CB-1 Urban traffic
construction
project
financing and
100
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improving
public transport
strategy
research
CB-2 Alpine city
integrated
emergency
management
strategy
research
100
CB-3 Transportation
and safety
management
personnel
training
1,394
CB-4 Institutional
capacity to
strengthen
2,440
CB-5 Domestic and
international
research and
training
1,130
Total Selected fund
projects
145,000
In functional classification of project investment, the fund loaned by World
Bank is mainly used for project construction, equipment procurement and
technical assistance associated with the HCWSPTSP. Local government
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matching funds are mainly used for the related land cost, survey design and
supervision and other service cost, institutional capacity building and staff
training cost and project reserve funds, etc.
7.3. The Sustainability Analysis of the Technologies and Organizations
Through learning and reference the construction and operation of the
similar projects of the domestic developed cities, combining their own
municipal engineering construction experience, the technical sustainability of
the HCWSPTSP can be guaranteed.
The managerial personnel of all institutions are the direct responsible
persons in ensuring the smooth implementation of the project, therefore it is
necessary to carry out the management personnel training, let them be familiar
with the project, and skillfully guidance and implement project, and to a certain
extent, strengthen institutional capacity building. The Management and
operation of each subproject of HCWSPTSP is the relatively independent
departments’ responsibility, the Development and Reform Commission and
Harbin Municipal Transportion Bureau., are responsible for coordinating.
Specifically, as a project legal person unit, the Harbin Harbin Municipal
Transportion Bureau is mainly responsible for putting forward suggestions on
organization setup and responsibility division. It also should cooperate to
prepare the project feasibility study report, organize and coordinate docking
with the World Bank, complete learning investigation, cooperate with the World
Bank experts’ appraisal work, complete the project environmental impact
assessment report, project's environmental management plan report, land
requisition, migration and relocation report, public participation report, and
energy conservation assessment report and approval, cooperate with Finance
Bureau to handle the project capital and domestic capital source documents,
complete financial payment and management manual and other examination
and approval work, etc. As the main project implementation unit, Harbin
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119
Transportation Bureau has done the following: Set up the mechanism in
internal by reference to the PMO; According to the subprojects working content,
set specialized personnel for putting forward the function and design
requirements, required equipment specifications and standards, and providing
subprojects procurement plan and implementation plan; Participate in
subprojects involving the relevant departments of the coordination; Take
charge of the demolition work, demolition disputes and petition work in the
process of project implementation; Deal with planning, land, fire-fighting, safety,
quality supervision, construction permits and other formalities of the
subprojects; Be responsible for quality control, progress control, and safety
control of the subprojects by regularly reporting the work progress; Participate
in the bidding and procurement work; Complete the project budget and
engineering progress payment arrange declare work; Monitor the subprojects’
supervision; Assist PMO in financial management and complete accounting
information in order to achieve the World Bank loan. The rest of the project
units, according to their respective functions, cooperate to complete related
work. Generally speaking, Harbin has ensured the institutional capacity for the
World Bank project's smooth construction.
In order to do well the follow-up management and operation work of the
city traffic after the completion of the project work, in terms of the
establishment of the content of the project, Harbin World Bank-financed
project leading group has also established the following capacity building
initiatives for project managers and project leadership to ensure project
supervision and department coordination orderly. Details are as follow: Urban
traffic construction project financing and improving public transport strategy
research (CB-1), alpine city integrated emergency management strategy
research (CB-2), transportation and safety management personnel training
(CB-3) , institutional capacity to strengthen (CB-4) , domestic and
international research and training (CB-5). The cost is about 51.64 million
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120
yuan. Therefore, generally speaking, the project organization sustainability is
also fully guaranteed.
7.4. The Sustainability Analysis of the Economy
Beneficiaries' ability to pay and willingness to pay are two important
factors for the sustainability of the project. Although the residents' willingness
to pay is changing according to the quality of the service, but the economic
ability of a region is also an important factor, which can measure the
affordability of the residents.
According to the statistical results, 88.4% of citizens think the fares are
reasonable, 9.0% of citizens think the fares are too high, especially when the
air-conditioned fare is 2 yuan.
At the same time, from 2010 to 2012, the Harbin city issuances of bus fuel
subsidies are as the following: In 2010, bus fuel subsidies are 136,956,317
yuan. In 2011, that is 482,335,386 yuan. In 2012, that will increase to
590,477,778 yuan. After the intelligent transportation system construction
project is completed and be put into operation, fuel subsidies and other kinds
of subsidies and tax breaks for the "bus first" will further increase or be tried.
So from the aspects of government financial support and policy guarantee, this
project also has certain feasibility in economic sustainability. Finally, according
to Harbin bus support policy for the elderly, the disabled veterans and other
vulnerable groups, from 2010 to 2012, Harbin city should grant 87313 free bus
cards to the elderly over the age of 70, which will effectively protect the riding
interests of urban elderly vulnerable groups. From this perspective, the
project’s economic sustainability is also guaranteed.
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8. Planning and Implementation of Social Management
8.1. Social Management Plan of the Project
The design should minimize the scale of the land acquisition that the
project involved in, environmental pollution problems caused by construction
and traffic safety issues; reduce the negative impact of the project through
public participation and listening to public opinion, so it is necessary to
formulate a social management plan for the project.
8.1.1 Develop Resettlement policy framework
This project does not need to acquisition collective land. The land where
terminals and hub stations to be used are all of state owned property. Project
unit has optimized and reduced the unnecessary land acquisition and
resettlement in the previous work as much as possible. But there still have
some potential some sporadic demolitions or displacement of trees, poles ect.
According to World Bank policy; this project should prepare a project
resettlement policy framework to cover these potential resettlement issue.
8.1.2 Social Impact Mitigation Plan of the Project during Construction
8.1.2.1. Traffic Congestion Caused by Construction of Bus Station and Other Projects
a) Segmented construction, to avoid spread across the board, which may
result in a large area of blockage;
b) Blocked construction should set aside the opening in a certain distance,
especially in heavy traffic junctions; the opening should be larger;
c) The barrier of construction team should try to occupy as little space,
and reserve a certain space for transportation;
d) Once a section of the construction is completed, the site should be
cleaned up immediately, the barrier and restore traffic should be removed;
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e) Strengthen information dissemination, release Traffic Guide timely.
8.1.2.2. Inconvenience of Enterprises and Shops’ Production and Operations Caused by the
Barrier of Construction
a) Reasonably arrange each road construction, try to control the
construction period;
b) Under the premise of ensuring safety, do not use barriers if possible,
once construction is completed, remove the barriers immediately;
c) In the traffic junctions where there is enterprise outlet for the cargo,
reserve appropriate space vehicle to facilitate business travel;
d) Allows companies indicate information of businesses and shops on the
wall of barriers.
8.1.2.3. Construction of Water, Electricity, Gas, Pipeline Sabotage Network
a) Construction team shall master arrangement of various pipelines before
construction to avoid blind construction;
b) Construction team shall enhance the safety of staff education,
overcoming brutal construction behavior;
c) For unavoidable circumstances for pipeline relocation and resettlement,
issued early advance notice to admit the public take all the preparatory.
d) Construction team shall arrange special personnel responsible for
liaison with the host community committees, release information, listen to
community residents’ report, run immediate crisis management once there is
signs of the pipeline damage, and avoid magnification of crisis.
8.1.2.4. Noise Pollution on Surrounding Environment Generated by the Construction
a) Blocks construction section as possible, repair retaining wall around
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timely after damage;
b) Strengthen the management of construction site, place construction
materials neatly, clean up garbage promptly;
c) Cover the bare dirt or timely liquidation;
d) During the construction process, try to take processes and technologies,
which can control the generation of high-decibel noise;
e) Prohibiting noisy construction work (before 8:00 A.M. and after 9:00
P.M.);
f) Constructing temporary noise walls and taking other measures to
mitigate the impact on the surrounding residents
g) Adequate compensation of surrounding residents who are suffering
serious noise disturbance;
h) Monitoring harmful gases generated in the construction and operation,
strictly use environmentally friendly building materials and construction
techniques.
8.1.2.5. The Destruction of Transportation Security Risks Caused by Construction Facilities
a) Retaining wall should be solid and reliable, timely repair once
damaged;
b) If the construction hinders the roadway or danger to sidewalk, should
arrange specialized personnel on-site command and management;
c) Timely establish warning signs in the event of road damage or other
hidden dangers places.
8.1.3 Social Impact Mitigation Plan during Operation of the Project
a) The safety of residents nearby the bus terminals may have been
affected by the operation of buses shall pay attention to the distance between
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bus lane and sidewalk.
b) The rest of residents nearby the bus terminals may have been affected
by the noise of the operation of buses, shall pay attention to the morning
departure time and night time admission.
c) Security issues of bus passengers getting off the platform, especially
the security issues during the operation in the winter.
d) Bus station and walkways should be non-slip surface designed.
8.1.4 Developing Traffic Safety Management Plan
a) During the whole process of the project, increase education efforts for
improving public awareness of road safety
b) During construction, the city traffic police team shall strengthen
cooperation with public transport Limited, to detect the impact of traffic safety
and congestion that may happen due to the project.
c) Set clear signs traffic alerts and tips in construction process, carry out
traffic control for large-scale construction.
d) Increase penalties of urban public traffic violation
8.1.5 Vulnerable Groups (Old and Sick Pregnant, etc.) Care Plans
8.1.5.1. Vulnerable Groups Fare Reduction Plan
After completion of the project, fare will affect some disadvantaged
groups’ travel and increase their travel costs. Although the level of the increase
is not too large, the majority of urban residents can afford, it will bring some of
the burden to vulnerable groups in the project area. To alleviate the burden of
their lives, enabling them to enjoy the project's social benefits fairly, relevant
government departments shall support policies and formulate preferential
scheme as soon as possible according to the actual situation of vulnerable
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groups.
8.1.5.2. Facility Care for Vulnerable Groups
a) All Bus stops should have access facilities for the elderly, children and
disabled access;
b) Establishment seats for old and sick pregnant in public transportation
vehicle;
c) During the driving process of buses, regular prompt passengers to give
seat old and sick pregnant;
d) To meet the special needs of passengers, handrails inside should be
set with high and low;
e) Design the stations and bus, consider the up and down convenience of
elderly, infants, people with disabilities carts;
f) In the process of bus motion, strengthen the voice prompts, not only to
report about the name of reaching station, but also the direction of travel
destinations, transfer information, etc., also should timely remind the
convenience of passengers, especially a timely reminder for vulnerable groups
to get off and transfer.
8.1.6 Stakeholder participation plan
8.1.6.1. Principles and Framework for Participation
World Bank in its participation manual defines participation as “this is a
process, project stakeholders through its influence, joint control involves the
development of their involvement, the development of decision-making and
related resources.” This definition avoids the major stakeholders in the
development process who are simply treated as passive recipients of aid,
interview subjects or labor, and to clear that the implemented projects of World
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Bank should be a process that stimulating major interest groups, influencing
and controlling the development of actions. The implementation of this process
requires the entire country's economy and its relevant departments to consider
a wider range of stakeholders; ensure that all stakeholder groups and their
relationships can be identified, and in all phases of the project to be considered,
let the poor be more accessible to resources, especially financial resources;
and strengthen key stakeholders and their organizations’ ability to manage.
Table 8-1 summarizes the main principles and framework for involved
stakeholders.
Table 8-1 framework and principles of community participating in the project
No. Steps
The role of key stakeholder groups
The role of government
The role of expert Effects
1
Analysis of the problem and establishment of theme
Analysis of the family, society, resources and other issues, the causes of problems
Administrative, political and financial support
Help key stakeholder groups analyze problems and guide them to find out the cause of the problem
Can accurately find the real problem
2
Content and framework of the project
Put forward their own needs, compared the relationship between the cause of problems and their own needs, in order to
Study on whether government can support proposal put forward by major stakeholders
Based on the analysis of the problem proposed to the government and key stakeholders the views on
The content of project is linked to the actual needs of key stakeholder groups
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No. Steps
The role of key stakeholder groups
The role of government
The role of expert Effects
establish a framework to solve the problem
the technical feasibility of
3 Project Plan
According to family labor, gender division of labor, and other socio-economic characteristics of the season, establish project activity intends and determine the responsible persons
Examination of the relationship between key stakeholder groups and government funding programs
Together with key stakeholders to develop plans, early warning plan
Program activities should be consistent with the main production season stakeholder groups, labor allocation and capital position
4 Implementation of the project
Establishing implementing organizational system to elect the person in charge of the activities and implementation of project activities
Providing conditions for implementation
Technical Support
Beneficiary groups responsible for their own
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No. Steps
The role of key stakeholder groups
The role of government
The role of expert Effects
5 Monitoring and evaluation
Project implementation monitoring their activities and organizing regular assessment of progress
Involved in monitoring and evaluation
Analysis of monitoring and evaluation results and report to the government and major stakeholder groups
Beneficiary groups keeps abreast of the progress of their activities
6 Final project evaluation
Evaluate their own input and the ultimate effectiveness of external support
Involved in the assessment process, review the effectiveness of government investment
Involved in assessing the effectiveness of the review of technical inputs
Evaluate by the beneficiary whether they are benefited
Role Decision performer Guarantor Supporter Roles
Unified
8.1.6.2. Necessity of Participation
During the period of the project design, implementation and monitoring of
management, in order to ensure various types of project beneficiaries timely
get project-related information, and have equal opportunity put forward their
own proposals and comments for the corresponding questions, but also to
facilitate the project implementation units and supervise management
agencies to grasp the dynamic implementation of the project and to make a
scientific decision-making based on the actual situation. Therefore need to:
a. Keep the openness of project information; the project needs to carry out
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propaganda work throughout the project cycle. Establish regular project
information disclosure system, on a regular basis post the information which
closely related to major stakeholder groups and the information they are
particularly concerned about project in the public spaces of affected
communities. In addition, it can also inform key stakeholders the preparation
and implementation status of the project through group meetings, congress,
posters, television, radio and other means.
b. Help primary stakeholders build the project consciousness. Training
can be carried into the following categories: a) carry out participatory training
for primary stakeholders of the project and guide them to take the initiative to
carry out thinking about the social and public transport development; b) carry
out the relevant knowledge training, and guide primary stakeholders think
about the impact of public transport to itself, to support public transportation
construction; c) carry out technical training of the project, eliminating primary
stakeholders’ concerns about the project.
c. Encourage key stakeholder groups to participate in project construction,
give priority to hire them for the project paid labor and allow them to provide
logistical services for project construction.
d. Concern about the role of community leaders and the strength of
community in the project implementation process. Project needs the
involvement of community leaders in advocacy, training, mobilization,
reflecting the needs of the public and found problems in project implementation,
coordination conflicts, follow-up management and other aspects.
8.1.6.3. Participation Goals
Around the public participation activities launched in project of City Public
Transport in Harbin, goals that expected to achieve are:
a. During the stages of preparation and design in the project, in flexible
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and diverse ways, publish information about projects to various stakeholders
groups involved in the project, to solicit Harbin public of different sexes,
different ages, different classes, different travel modes advice and suggestions
on alignments, site settings, bus terminals design, traffic organization,
construction management, compensation and rehabilitation of affected
residents and enterprises.
b. Analyse and summarize the collected relevant information, provided to
the project owner and design department and other relevant departments to
optimize project design and project implementation and management, and
open to the public the various optimization measures through continuous
public participation and information communication to achieve optimization of
project preparation and design.
c. In the construction process of the project, through participatory public
participation, dynamic collecting various stakeholder groups’ complaining,
comments and suggestions, identify potential problems during the
implementation stage, to seek a reasonable solution to the problem, ensure
the smooth implementation of the project construction to achieve the
maximization of the project’s social value.
8.1.6.4. Ways and Means of Participating Organizations
a. Using Various Media to Release the Information of Public Participation
Publishing information related to public transport projects and soliciting
public opinions on "Life Daily", Harbin Harbor, Harbin television, radio and
other traditional and modern media, which has larger circulation and a broader
coverage. The part of the open information as follows:
April 2, 2013, EIA was published in the official website of Harbin Transport
Bureau;
May 6, 2013, Chinanews Website, Harbin started the construction of
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smart public transportation system project, which borrowed 100 million US
dollars from World Bank;
May, 15, 2013, Transport Bureau website of Heilongjiang province, World
Bank experts group came to Harbin to conduct the inspection of preparation of
cold weather smart public transportation system project;
May, 16, 2013, Xinhua Net, World Bank experts group came to Harbin to
conduct the inspection of preparation of cold weather smart public
transportation system project;
May, 16, 2013, Harbin TV, 100 million US dollars loan support the public
transportation construction project;
May, 17, 2013, Sina Net, Harbin City promoted the construction of junction
station in the cold weather zone;
August, 6 to 8, 2013, Baidu, People Net, Fenghuang Net, Heilongjiang
News Net, Heilongjiang Daily, experts group of World Bank review
HCWSPTSP .
b. Issued Open Letters and Other Promotional Materials
Distributing promotional materials within the scope of the impact and
public transport services and convey information of bulletin content through
illustrations way. Issued leaflets mainly in the area where has high pedestrian
flow or key community and units.
c. Interviews of Focus Group
According to the preliminary design of public transportation programs in
Harbin, plans for residents and staff in the area of involving bus stations and
bus terminals, organizing focus group interviews covering the entire
community. Interviewees include general community residents, also the
enterprises and institutions are covered, and elderly, women, persons with
disabilities and other special populations shall have an appropriate proportion
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in the interview object.
d. Structured Questionnaire
For the characteristics of preparation and design phase in the project,
design the structural questionnaire, have a comprehensive understanding of
the known situation for public transport projects in project area, seek the views
and recommendations on project trends, site location, bus fares, safety
facilities and other related content.500 copies of the survey sample, selected in
three evenly along the line.
e. Seminars and Individual Interviews
According to the content of public participation activities, organize 12
various forms of seminars and individual interviews for individuals to gather
information.
8.1.6.5. Public Participation and Information Disclosure Implementation Plan
During 2013 March-April, public participation activities of Public Transport
project in Harbin launched, and used various ways and means of facilitating
adequate information disclosure to encourage public participation. Accordance
with the arrangements of "public participation in the implementation of
activities outline", activities were orderly conducted. The public participation
activities have been carried out can be found in 8.1.1 to 8.1.6.
In the following process of project preparation and implementation, the
PMO and the project masses are on an equal footing, public project
information, negotiated project with masses equally. The most important
project stakeholders are the masses of ordinary project area, and for these
ordinary people, empowerment, openness and equally dialogue with them, is
the premise to ensure their ability to learn the project information and actively
participate in the project. To ensure that the recommendations and actions of
various stakeholders can be integrated into the project, the PMO took a
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different way of informing and collecting information aim at different
stakeholders and compiled the Public Participation Plan.
8.1.7 Early involvement of relevant government departments
The stakeholder groups relative to other groups, which have the expertise
related to transportation projects and long-term management experience. This
perspective of professional departments from the government is very important
for the project. So for projects, listening to the recommendations of these
departments is often able to achieve a multiplier effect. These sectors’
involvement in the program mainly through seminars and literature collecting.
During the agency interviews, SA group staff explained overview and the
role of the project to relevant person in charge of the municipal government
departments and consulting project proposals likely to give from the
perspective of work way and their participation in the project will be one of the
key discussions.
Local government departments’ relevant responsible persons, who start
from their duties, introduce a great deal of local knowledge that is adapted to
work in the local. Task force members get the recommendations of the project
from various government departments at the project area, can integrate a good
life with the local people and maximize project benefits. These
recommendations providing a great help to social assessment work on the
project, and were integrated into the relevant sections of this report. In Harbin,
under the coordination of urban construction investment group co., LTD, the
SA team has held 12 seminars. Symposium summary see attachment 3.
8.1.8 Early Involvement of Traffic Management Bureau
The Traffic Management Bureau in Harbin is not only a government
department, but also a project component units and subproject execution unit;
the importance of the involvement of Traffic Management Bureau in the project
is that, the stakeholders’ proposals can dramatically improve benefit of the
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project for ordinary urban residents, such as traffic safety etc. In addition, the
Traffic Management Bureau's participation is divided into two parts. One,
provides some information for the preliminary design; Two, assist and organize
traffic police to carry out the questionnaire.
8.1.9 Early Participation in the Transport Sector
The Traffic Management Bureau in Harbin is not only a government
department, but also project management and implementation project unit; the
importance of the involvement of Traffic Management Bureau in the project is
that, the stakeholders’ proposals can dramatically improve benefit of the
project for ordinary urban residents, such as traffic safety etc. The Traffic
Management Bureau has provided large information for the preliminary design
and organized the investigation and interview for Transport Sector.
Participation of the transport sector includes two parts, project involvement of
bus companies and taxi companies’ management and participation in the
project of bus drivers and taxi drivers.
Management's participation in the project is suitable for the form of
individual interviews. Various functional departments of the company's
management, in charge of different aspects of the city public transport, from
different management's perspective, make the bus company presents
three-dimensional situation to the urban public transport. Such as line
operating divisions are more concerned about reasonable setting of bus lines,
public transportation efficiency and so on.
In comparison, the driver's perspective is a more bottom, to some extent
make up for the lack of management recommendations. The bus and taxi
drivers can use combined participation of questionnaires and interviews. The
depth interviews can get more detail of the project needs of this group, help SA
group members find the problem, and as fully as possible to listen to their
opinions and suggestions.
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8.1.10 Early Involvement of Ordinary Urban Residents
Urban residents are the most important one involved in the project
stakeholders. All project participants can promote urban social evaluation
methods and can be used for this group. To fully provided information and
ideas relevant to World Bank projects to urban residents, during the process of
outside industry, SA group members use the combination form of participant
observation, interviews, seminars and questionnaires.
The SA group members uses the combination form of in-depth interviews,
seminars and questionnaires, information conveyed to the part of the residents
interviewed, rapidly spread within the community, will be able to mobilize more
residents in the project area to participate into the project.
Group members carried out a field survey in the transformation sections,
through participatory observation understand the situation of projects area;
understand the needs of residents for public transport. Mainly inspected public
transportation needs along some of the facilities, such as hospitals, schools,
nursing homes and other.
Depth interviews are generally carried out in communities in the project
area. Use the idle time of community residents, explain the contents,
objectives, ideas of World Bank projects to community residents, ask
community residents the local traffic conditions and problems, ask community
residents the needs and attitudes to World Bank project, and ask reasons and
recommendations from their own point by depth interviews.
Questionnaire can be in the form of text, accurate inform respondents
content related to World Bank project, and let the respondents perceive variety
of social problems involved in the project. In the process of respondents are
being asked, trained investigators explain the overall structure of the
questionnaire and the design intent of related questions, asked respondents to,
so that respondents understand the attention of World Bank project to traffic
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management, traffic safety and traffic facilities.
Table 8-2 Comprehensive Survey Sample Size Distributions
No. Name of bus corridors Line No. Line ratio Number of samples (copies)
1 Youyi Road Channel 43 51% 253
2 Xinyang Road Channel 6 7% 35
3 Hongqi Street Channel 36 42% 212
Total 85 100% 500
8.1.10.1. Early Participation of Vulnerable Groups
Urban residents Forum is mainly designed for involvement in the project of
vulnerable groups, requires members participated in the symposium covering
the elderly, women, disadvantaged groups and the disabled. Aimed at
understanding the special needs and the views of urban traffic problems of
vulnerable groups in the project, based on asking the reason, encourage these
groups to voice their suggestions on the implementation of the project.
Because the forum is organized and held combine the local Committee on
Aging and the CDPF, the person in charge of his department were also
involved, brought into government departments and grassroots organizations
perspective.
After SA group members equal footing with the stakeholders in the project
area, the fundamentals of their public participation for the project are good,
most of the people expressed their support for the project and willing to
participate in the project. Participatory Social Assessment Project Task Force
members also collected the relevant information required for editorials.
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8.1.10.2. Complaints and Appeals
a. The Way of Collecting Dissatisfaction and Complaining
a). Collecting and understanding the problems including the masses
complain, progress and work measures, through the report of local public
transport and street construction leading group office of resettling.
b). Coordination problems found in inspecting the construction site found
by the owners construction unit.
c). Information reflected by external monitoring agency.
d). Letters and visits of affected people.
e). Reflection of owners’ construction unit agency.
b. Procedures of Appeals and Complaints
In planning the process of project’s design and implementation, the
participation of immigrants is always encouraged. However, in practice there
will be problems more or less, to resolved the problems arise promptly and
effectively and to safeguard the smooth progress of construction, in addition to
the existing levels of local government petition complaint channels, the project
established a transparent and effective grievance redress and developed
complaints and complaints procedures of the resettlement demolition for the
affected residents.
c. Principles for Handling Complaints and Grievances
Complain about the problem raised by the masses must be field research,
fully solicit the opinions of the masses, patiently repeated consultations, put
forward opinions objectively and impartially in accordance with national
regulations and the principles and of criteria resettlement action plan provides
must promptly reflect to the higher authorities about incapable of handling
complaints issues, and to help to improve the investigation.
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If the organization in the previous stage did not respond to questions on
the appeal in the date specified, the complainant the right to appeal.
The Content and Manner of Complaint Reply:
a) Reply Contents
Descriptions of complainers’ dissatisfaction
Fact-finding results
Relevant state regulations, principles and standards of resettlement action
plan
Treatment advice and the specific basis
b) The way of Answering Complaints
The way of directly sent to those who complain complaints in written
materials for individual phenomena question.
Inform residents in the village or community in the form of village (residents)
meeting or issue a document for the complaining problem reflecting by
more people.
No matter which kind of Answer mode, all information must be delivered to
the communities or units that the complainant belongs to.
Appeals and Complaints Records and Tracking Feedback
During the period that the project’s designing plan is executing, monitoring
team should do a good job of registration of information and complaint and
information processing results management in collaboration with various
departments, regular Inscribed to resettlement office in written form. Project
resettlement office will regular inspect the process of complain registration.
To have a complete record of the handling situation of related issues and
complaint of affected population, project management office developed a
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registration form of the affected population’s complaints and grievances
Table 8-3 Complaints and Appeals Registration Form of World Bank Loan
Project
Receiving unit Time Location
Name of complainant
The complaint Required solution Proposed
solutions
Actual handling situation
Complainant (Signed) Recorder
(Signed)
Note: a. Records should accurately record the claimant's allegations content and requirements;
b. There should not be any interference and obstacles in the appeals process;
c. The proposed solution should reply complainant within the stipulated time.
In addition, the complaints and complaints channels should be released to
the project-affected people, and before the implementation of resettlement,
public propaganda materials need to be sent to each affected household,
enterprises or stores.
8.2. Implementation of Social Management Plan
8.2.1 Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building
The main responsibility of implementing social management plan is
project owners. According to the social management plan implementation
requires and combine the functions division of project-related institutions,
project owners can own or entrust relevant agencies all or partly responsible
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for implementing the project of social management plan.
A.Institutional Arrangements
Social management agencies about the project include:
1. Construction project leadership team of HCWSPTSP loaned by World
Bank
2. Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP loaned by
World Bank
3.Harbin Tranport Agency
4.The relevant government agencies in Harbin, (such as the HMDRC, the
traffic police team, the Land Bureau, Construction Bureau, etc.)
5.District government and streets along Harbin
6.Project Monitoring and Evaluation Unit
B.Institutional Responsibilities
Construction project leadership team of HCWSPTSP loaned by World
Bank: responsible for the entire project leadership and coordination of social
management.
Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP loaned by World
Bank
: implementing social management and capacity building training
accordance with the requirements of the World Bank.
The relevant government agencies in Harbin, (such as the NDRC, the
traffic police team, the Land Bureau, Construction Bureau, etc.): responsible
for project specific social management plan implementation and monitoring of
the Bank's policies and conduct training.
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Harbin Tranport Agency: responsible for concrete implementation of
social management plan and organizing training in terms of WB related policy.
District government and streets along Harbin: carry out social
management with the project, and conduct training for the relevant policies of
World Bank.
Project Monitoring and Evaluation Unit: investigation and assessment of
the social management plan implementation of the project, proposing issues
and recommendations to the Provincial Project Office and the World Bank to
submit monitoring and evaluation reports.
C.Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building
According to the survey, institutional capacity, working conditions and
equipment configuration of the project is more complete, professional staff’s
quality level is high; they have preparation for similar project, construction and
operation of the national experience. Give the project belongs to the World
Bank loan project, the relevant personnel need to be familiarity with the mode
of operation for World Bank projects, especially in relation to social and
security requirements and adequately compare with domestic experience, so
they need further study and training for relevant business policy requirements.
Table 8-4 Training Program.
Table 8-4 Institutional social management capabilities and business training
No. The training content Training object
1 World Bank social and security policy
Construction project management office of
HCWSPTSP, each subproject office, Land
Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau,
district government and streets
2 The related content about the project social management
Construction project management office of
HCWSPTSP, each subproject office, Land
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No. The training content Training object
plan Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau,
district government and streets
3 Other related training
Construction project management office of
HCWSPTSP, each subproject office, Land
Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau,
district government and streets
8.2.2 Implementation Plan
According to the social management plan of the project, the project
develops a detailed implementation plan and arrangements, see Table 8-5
Table 8-5 Social Management Implementation Plan of the Project
No. Contents Implementation time Primary responsibility institutional
1 Optimize the project design 2014 ~2016
Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, design units, each subproject office
2
Implementation of social development plan and resettlement
2014 ~2016
Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each sub-project office, Land Bureau, Land Acquisition and Resettlement Office, the relevant streets and communities
3
Implementation of Environmental Management Plan
2014 ~2016
Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each subproject Office, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau
4
Fee waiver program implementation associated with vulnerable groups
After completion of the project
Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Finance Bureau, the District Finance Bureau, the Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, Municipal Committee on Ageing, City CDPF, Welfare Centre, the city bus
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No. Contents Implementation time Primary responsibility institutional
company
5
Information disclosure and public participation
The entire process
Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each subproject office / the news media
6
Monitoring and Evaluation of Social Management Plan
Once a year in the project implementation period
Construction project management office of HCWSPTSP, each subproject office, monitoring bodies
8.2.3 Emergency Plans
Emergency plans has been established under the “Environmental
Protection Law”, “Production Safety Law”, “national general public emergency
contingency plans” and “national contingency plans for sudden environmental
accidents” and relevant laws, and administrative regulations.
The Emergency Plan is divided into three categories:
a. Construction emergencies. Traffic congestion caused by the barrier of
construction will bring inconvenience to production and operation of business
enterprises and shops along the construction; sabotage of water, electricity,
gas, pipeline network, construction generated environment and noise pollution
on the surrounding, security risks caused by the destruction of transportation
facilities, construction is also possible to generate labor safety and other
issues. These events are likely to evolve into emergencies, should be
considered to reduce the economic losses caused by the barrier of
construction, try to develop traffic diverting programs by traffic police
departments, and in conjunction with the municipal departments to understand
all kinds of pipelines well, and construct strictly following norms. Also, public
information, informed the public in advance.
b. Emergencies caused by the uncooperative of interest groups during the
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construction period. The projects involves some land acquisition and
resettlement, some residents, shops, enterprises and institutions are affected,
some residents require relocation and become involuntary resettlement, which
not only seriously affect their working lives, destruct their social support
networks and social networks, but also some even severely affect their
children to school, medical care and work trips. For their resettlement
compensation, relocation standards often differ with resettlement requirements,
which are likely to become emergencies, uncooperative to the construction of
the project, and boycott the project. In addition, there are also local
governments delay payment of compensation payments in various ways, and
even reduce the compensation standards, which can easily lead to
unexpected events. For such an event, resettlement implementation unit
should strictly develop specific policies and implement procedures in
accordance with the “Design Report” and “Resettlement Action Plan”
requirements to prevent such incidents.
c. The operational emergency. The operation of the end of the first field
bus and hub station may affect the rest of the nearby residents, the
construction of bay docking station may encroach the sidewalk and other
potential safety accidents and so on. These are likely to cause emergencies,
should carried out a variety of plans from a technical and management aspects
to guard against possible risks.
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9. Monitoring and Evaluation Implementation of Social
Management Plan
In order to measure the success of the implementation of this project, that
needs to access to relevant implementation information of social management
plan sufficiently and timely. Develop publicly verifiable monitoring and
evaluation procedures, develop monitoring and evaluation indicators to
measure the social impact of the actual project; assessment projects to meet
the needs of the target group; ensure the establishment of monitoring and
evaluation procedures of various negative impact mitigation options. Timely
develop adjustment programs to remove barriers to the achievement of the
project’s social objective.
9.1. Monitoring Agencies
Monitoring and evaluation of Social Management Plan shall be
implemented by the third party (organization or person) commitment entrusted
by the project units which have the social evaluation appropriate qualifications,
experience and ability independent to the project construction, design,
approval, construction, management and other institutional stakeholders.
In Harbin, Leading Group of World Bank Project will engage an
independent monitoring agency to carry out an external monitor for the
implement of social management plans. Independent monitoring and
evaluation unit periodically carry out tracking monitoring and evaluation
activities for the implementation of social management plan, advice and submit
monitoring and evaluation reports to the leading group of municipal public
transport and the World Bank.
Monitoring agency of social management in the project is a highly
qualified organization, the group composed of staff of WB, ADB senior expert
in social monitoring.
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9.2. Monitoring Steps and Content
9.2.1 Monitoring Steps
The monitoring unit analyses and assess the social impact of the actual
project and the extent to meet the needs of target groups based on the findings
of tracking and monitoring; focusing on tracking various implementation that
mitigating or have negatively affect on the program, timely submission
measures to remove barriers to achieve social objectives of the project, if
necessary, proposed adjustment programs; identify and analyze the existing
social problems and social risks during the implementation process in the
project, and propose corrective measures and improvement suggestions. Main
work steps are as follows:
A.Establish work plan for monitoring and evaluation;
B.Establish survey outline, survey forms, questionnaires and interviews
Commitments
C.Sampling program, program design for interviewing stakeholders;
D.Baseline survey to determine the base value of the core indicators for
monitoring
E.Establish a monitoring and evaluation information system, which will
involve social management plans for different types of data classification to
establish a database for analyzing and follow-up monitoring to provide
computer-aided;
F.Monitoring and evaluation surveys;
G.Writing monitoring and assessment report
9.2.2 Monitoring contents
a. According to the social management plan to determine the social
monitoring and evaluation indicators, tracking and monitoring and evaluation
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the social management plan for the implementation;
b. Based on the survey results of tracking and monitoring, analyse and
evaluate social impact that the projects actually produce assess the level of
the project meets the needs of the target group;
c. Focus on tracking various implementation of the program which have
negatively affect on the project, timely propose measures to remove barriers to
achieve social objectives of the project, if necessary, propose adjustment
programs;
d. Identify and analyse existing social problems and social risk during the
implementation process of the project, and propose corrective measures and
improvement suggestions.
9.3. Indicator System
Monitoring indicator system is built mainly around social diversity and
gender, systems, rules and behavior, public participation, stakeholder analysis,
social risk, and several other aspects.
Table 9-1 Monitoring Indicators Constitute Little Table
Indicator System Monitoring contents
Social diversity and gender
1、Women and children
2、national minority
3、Poor population
Different groups (including men and women)
have different status, role and development in
social development of the project's;Analysis the
changes that may occur of these groups’ social
status affected by the project, their interaction with
other groups, as well as these groups’ effect and
opportunities for development.
System, rules and behavior
1.Formal system
Analysis project-related organization system,
rules and members, including forms of social
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2.Informal system
3.Customs and behavior organization and social relations, formal and
informal institutions, formal and informal rules
convention, customs and behavior between
different groups, as well as rules and behavior of
those institutions that may have an impact on the
achievement of project objectives.
Public Participation
1.Participation program
2.Participatory approach
3.Participation procedures
4.Participation in the feedback
5.Participation of special groups
From the looks of public participation, analysis
the degree of stakeholders involved in the project
affected by the project, including the results
generated by participating in project preparation,
decision-making, construction, operation
management, and sharing the project and the
opportunities created by the project, and should
give particular attention to the extent and
possibility of vulnerable groups’ participation. Then
study existing participatory approach; establish
framework for participation including the
information-sharing mechanisms, consultative
mechanisms and participation mechanisms to
develop participation plans to improve the
effectiveness of stakeholder participation.
Stakeholders
1.Beneficiaries
2.Damaged stakeholders
3.Both benefit and losers
4.Other stakeholders
5.Vulnerable groups
Analysis individuals or groups affected by the
project or affecting the project. Not only to analyze
the extent of the actual impact of different
individuals or groups in the project, but also
analyze their influence on the project, assess their
role in achieving the project development
objectives. On this basis, proposed the
recommendations of establish the mechanisms
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that promoting various stakeholders to mutual
cooperating and involved in the project and the
established monitoring indicators of the various
stakeholders.
Social risk
1.Compensation for expropriation risk
2.Risk of ethnic and religious affairs
3.Other risks of the project highlights
Identify all possible risks, to develop
management measures to cope with risks. On risk
analysis, usually pay attention to five risks,
including vulnerability risk, country risk, political
and economic risks, and institutional and external
risks. Risk analysis should consider the
above-mentioned aspects together.
9.4. Monitoring and Evaluation Report
In the project implementation period (2013 to 2016), annually submit a
part of social management plan implementation monitoring and evaluation
report.
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10. Conclusions and Suggestions
10.1. Conclusions
10.1.1 The construction of project will promote local sustainable
development.
Due to the rapid development of social economy and continuous
promotion of urbanization process, the congestion of public transport is
increasingly prominent, not only affects residents’ life and livelihood, but also
exert negative influence on attract investment. The construction of project not
only can improve residents’ living environment and life quality, reduce rate of
traffic accidents, save people’s life and property, but also can improve
investment environment greatly, and thus playing an active role in promoting
sustainable development of local social economy.
10.1.2 Most residents support the construction of the project
According to sampling questionnaire and interviews, it indicates that most
residents support the project strongly. The main reason is that residents
recognize the project is urban basic livelihood project, and its implementation
can benefit all citizens. Therefore, most of them have high expection for the
project.
10.1.3 Implementation of the project will be beneficial to the development of
vulnerable groups
The project dose not impact vulnerable groups directly, and the HMDRC
has indicated that ticket price will not be raised after the project finished.
Accordingly, the project will not increase vulnerable groups’ living costs.
By contrast, because the implementation of the project, add voice prompt,
electronic station board, improve street lamps on platforms, increase electronic
eyes and add supporting facilities, which will exert positive influence on
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improving going out condition of vulnerable groups and the development of
work and life.
10.1.4 Public participation policy has been preliminary established
During the early preparation process, the public participation policy has
been preliminary established and residents also show their enthusiasm in
participating, especially special groups, such as elderly, disabled, low-income
population and women, have shown high participation level. According to the
project progress, in the next process, there will be more citizens take part in
the project actively and effectively.
10.1.5 Projects have little impact on ethnic minorities
No minority areas are within the scope of this project, so this project does
not directly affect the ethnic minorities.
10.2. Suggestions
10.2.1 Further strengthen public participation
Public participation activities of the early preparation process of the
project have gained some good effects, and social assessment team also has
timely reflected the public issues and good suggestions to the feasible unit and
PMO three times. In the following process, it is better to make more detailed
public participation schedule, open information in time and strive for the most
widespread public support. Meanwhile, improve the project management
through absorbing public advices and suggestions.
10.2.2 Increase the Transparency of Project Information
The early investigation found that, although open information of the
project has achieved good effects, there are still some blind angles and
imperfections, part of institutions and public still do not get a clear perspective
of the project. Therefore, the SA team suggest to open information through
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Internet, television, newspaper and showcase. Introduce the progress of the
project, promote the meaning of project and increase residents’ sense of
belonging.
10.2.3 Measures and Suggestions to Promote the Anti-poverty
The survey found that the low-income population is most sensitive to fare
increases. Hypothetically, a low-income person takes bus twice a day, the
expense (1 yuan once, 2 yuan a day) will occupy 16.7% of his (her) monthly
income. If the fare were double, then the transportation cost would occupy
33.3% of his (her) monthly income. Thus, we advise government of Harbin City
to implement fare reduction policy to the people who below the poverty line.
Nowadays, there are a lot of cities in China have implemented riding
preferential policies for the disabled, as well as some cities in Heilongjiang
province. But as a provincial capital city of Harbin, there are no riding
preferential policies for the disabled (except disability soldier) without
consideration of disable type and level of disability. This induces some
disabled people of Harbin have a lot of complaints. Because this increase their
cost of living invisibly and majority of them live poorer. Objectively, it also
affects the development of Harbin as the image of international metropolis. We
suggest Harbin city government to consider the difficulties of this group of
people, and give them some discount or subsidies gradually according to the
type and level of disability.
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10.2.4Recommendations for specific project construction content
After sorting out, the social assessment team set forth 46 suggestions regarding project design and management,
which are fed back to feasibility study units and owners units. The specific contents refer to table 10-1. Among these
suggestions, there are 25 suggestions have been accepted by management authority, 14 suggestions have been
included in the feasibility study report by feasibility study design unit and 7 suggestions are not adopted as reasons in
terms of economy, technology, etc.
Table 10-1 Suggestions of project contents and management policy
Content No. Existing problems Suggestions Adoption of Suggestions
Stations
1
There is no canopy or stool, and it is inconvenient for passages to
wait for bus, especially elderly, week, patient and disabled;
Though there are stools at several stations, but they are lack of
maintenance and cannot be used.
Install canopies and stools at station, best
set up special seats for elderly, week
patient and disabled. And strengthen
maintenance; such as recruiting suitable
volunteers to maintain order, guide
passages, help elderly, week patient and
disabled wait for bus and guide them get on
bus exactly in time.
Adopted by management authority
and included in the feasibility study
report
2
Surface of some platforms is not smooth, especially in winter. Roads
around platform frozen seriously, which may lead to accidents
regularly and difficulties for elderly, week patient and disabled to get
on bus.
Improve the roads in time, roads near the
station should be better paved by skid proof
and insulation material and be able to heat
partially to prevent frozen in winter.
Cannot be adopted as technology and
finance is infeasible; propose to
increase temporary workers to clean
the snows on the platforms, the
related budget has been included in
the feasibility study.
3 There is no heat preservation, and it is cold to wait for a bus in winter.
Building three sides semi-closed waiting
room, warm house should be established at
big stations.
Adopted by management authority
and plan to adopt the fully-enclosed
style
4 The platform setting is not reasonable; road signs on both sides do
not correspond with each other in some areas.
Set station reasonably to make it
convenient for passages to seek.
Adopted by management authority
5 The locations of station are not reasonable; the distance between
two stations is too long, such as the Nanzhi Road.
Optimize the locations of station; shorten
the distance between two stations.
Adopted by management authority
and this will be improved by the
condition
6 The height of steps of bus body and the roads of station do not
correspond with each other, and the distances are large, which
makes it difficult for the elderly and disabled to get on bus.
The height of steps of bus body and the
roads of station should remain the same.
Unadopted as systemic problem and
technological infeasibility. The project
has improved the situation, but cannot
be addressed completely. The
barrier-free way has been included in
the feasibility study
7
Buses for different routes may arrive simultaneously sometime and
do not stop at the same place, which may lead to unordered groups
and that elderly may easy to fall down, pregnant and leg deformed
person cannot get on bus in time, blind cannot find and get on bus in
time.
Recruit volunteers,strength guidance of
station, especially big stations, set different
park area for different routes in big stations
to make it convenient for elderly, pregnant
and disabled to get on bus.
Adopted by management authority the
three corridors can solve the problem,
which has been included in the
feasibility study.
8 No voice prompts at station,. Therefore, blind cannot know where to
wait and which bus is coming.
Establish voice prompts and require buses
to stop in the fixed point so that make it
convenient for blind, elderly and children to
take bus.
Adopted by management authority
and intelligent station board of three
corridors can slove, which has been
included in the feasibility study
9 No guardrails and guide bar in line at station, and it is chaotic.
Establish guardrails, and let passengers get
on the bus in order, establish special
channel for elderly, week, patient and
disabled.
Terminal station can solve, but the
other stations cannot solve. There is
no the same question in the corridors
of the project
10
The sign of station is not clear; the name of station is not normative,
place names, company names park names, etc. are mixed up, local
people may even make sure where it is; there is no electronic maps
or bus route query system, it is difficult for population from outside to
take bus.
Standardize the name of bus station. Unify
the usage of road name. Install the
electronic map and bus routes enquiry
system
Establish electronic maps and bus route
query system at big stations.
Adopted by management authority.
The corridors need to solve these
problems, which has been included in
the feasibility study
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Content No. Existing problems Suggestions Adoption of Suggestions
11 Some platforms are not safe as there are many thieves near them, Install surveillance cameras on the
platforms and intensify platforms supervise
Management authority plans to
implement
12 The station board cannot be seen in the winter as the dark is early. Install street lights on the platform and turn
on them in advance
Adopted by management authority
Lines
1 Many routes turn around at the end of 102 route and lead to chaotic. Extend 102 routes to heater factory of
Dong’an Street.
Buses can turn around and take
precedence, social vehicles cannot be
allowed
2 Passages get off at Haxi Station is increasing, but many buses do not
get there.
Extend routes to Haxi Station and form bus
network.
Adopted and increase three or four
bus routes
3 It is waste that No. 18 route is too short. Extend No. 18 route. Unadopted
Buses
1 Steps are too high getting on and off bus.
It is difficult for elderly and disabled to get on bus.
Standardize the model and standard of
buses, purchase buses with moderate step
height.
Adopted by management authority
2 Buses have no air conditioning, and they are very windy, frozen, cold
and slippery in winter.
Purchase air-conditioned buses or install
thermal facilities inbuses
Adopted by management authority.
Purchase air-conditioned buses has
been approved.
3 Bus handrails are not suitable for disabled; several rods are too high
for general people.
Purchase buses with reasonable handrails
and rods.
This problem can be solved by
installing handrails
4 Too many posters and all different kinds of advertisements in the
carriage, it is not pretty.
Exercise unified management.
Unsightly advertisements and enterprise
publicity should not be posted in the
carriage.
Adopted by management authority
5 Sometimes, buses break down while driving.
Strengthen the maintenance and repair of
buses and check bus condition before
driving.
Adopted by management authority
6 Female is easy to be involved in the sexual harassment on buses;
elders and children are easy to be attacked; there are thieves
Install monitoring cameras in buses, which
can improve deterrence and decrease
similar cases; also, purchase buses with
three doors and set up special door and
seats for elders, women and children
Adopted and install monitoring
cameras in five positions (in front of
the bus, tail of the bus, in front of the
bus door, in the bus and tail of the bus
door)
Preferential card
1 Part of routes to outskirt do not provide discount card to elderly.
All buses in urban area should practice the
same policy, and benefit outskirt and rural
area gradually.
Unadopted
2 Elderly can enjoy discount after 70-year-old, and it is too late. It will be better to change the age from 70 to
60 or 65.
Unadopted
3 Disabled (not include theblind) cannot enjoy discount now. Provide disabled relative discount policy
according to the disabled level and type.
Increase subsidy
Scheduling
1 The time bus arrive is not stable, many buses sometime, no bus
sometime. Many empty buses are not on road in the final station.
Strengthen the supervisory control of
station. Schedule reasonably in time
according to passenger flow.
Adopted by management authority
2 Routes may be added or reduced, but the stops are not changed, like
No.28 and No.68.
Administration department should change
information about bus stops in time to make
it convenient for passengers to take bus.
Adopted by management authority
3 It is chaotic in all stations during rush hours. Dispatch field command and maintain order
during rush hours.
Adopted by management authority
Identity system and promoting
1
It is very cold in winter, and windows are frosted seriously. The
number of bus (which route) on the outside of the bus and the stop
name on station are not clear, it makes passengers, especially
elderly, deaf and near-sightedness, inconvenient to take bus, and
often miss the certain stop.
Enlarge the fond size, add LED screen on
the outside of windows to show route name.
Install LED screen on relatively high place
in front and behind the bus to make
passengers, especially elderly, deaf and
near-sightedness, convenient to take bus.
Unadopted. The project has solved
and include in the feasibility study
2 The blind cannot see station board and indicators clearly
Add voice prompt and play in advance so
that the blind can have enough time for
preparation
Adopted by management authority
and will be addressed in the project.
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Content No. Existing problems Suggestions Adoption of Suggestions
3 Route maps on station and in bus are not updated in time.
Relative department should update route
maps in time to make passengers
convenient to take bus.
Adopted by management authority
4 Too many advertisements in bus corridor.
Transform some advertisements to route
maps reasonably to make it more
convenient for passengers to search out
route.
Adopted by management authority
5 Minority
There are many Korean nationality citizens
live scattered along stations from Hongqi
Street to Tongxiang street. Accordingly,
there is an expectation that this district can
set up bilingual (Chinese and
Korean )transportation indicators and
station announcement in bilingual
Unadopted. Although there are some
Korean nationalities in this district, this
is not the Korean nationality
neighborhood. Therefore, it does not
have the necessary to set up bilingual
transportation indicators. Moreover, it
is difficult to set uo bilingual station
board.
Bus company and drivers management
1 Some operating buses are private in No.369 route, they do not
charge the same as the unified policy, and the standard is different.
Relative department should work it out, and
charge as the unified policy.
Management authority plans to
adopted and may implement single
standard.
2 To drivers, salary is low, responsibility is great, quality is low, and
attitude is bad.
Adjust drivers’ salary. Strengthen quality
training.
Adopted by management authority
and the contents of suggestion are
implemented now.
3 It is too fast for elderly and disabled to adapt when starting or
stopping the bus.
Strength training for bus drivers to slow
down the acceleration when starting or
stopping the bus.
Adopted by management authority
4 The passengers in Botanical Garden Station are mainly elderly, and
most of them have elderly certificates, so many bus drivers do not
stop.
Relative department should strengthen
management.
Adopted by management authority
Destination construction
1 No public toilet in the final station. Construct public toilet to provide
convenience to drivers and passengers.
Adopted and related departments
have formulated planning, propose to
establish 100 Worker Homes
2 Too few garages, drivers have to warm the buses especially in
winter. They have to get up at 3 o’clock in the morning, and their
workloads rose imperceptibly.
Increase the number of garages,
strengthen the maintenance of buses,
reduce the workloads of bus drivers and
make convenient to bus warming.
Adopted and part of them have been
solved in the project.
Signaling system
1
Traffic light in some junctions is too short for the disabled to cross the
road. Some of the junctions have no voice prompting, and blind have
no idea of crossing the roads, some blind only have to crossing the
road with cane.
Take demand of disabled into
consideration, set reasonable length of
traffic light, establish voice prompt system
for crossing signal.
Unadopted
2
The length of traffic light in Sanhe Road is too long and waste
passengers’ time, increase the violation phenomena;
The length of traffic light in the point of three-movie power is too short
for passengers to cross roads.
Set traffic light reasonably.
Adopted by management authority
3 The traffic light buttons for advance are almost nonexistent, and most
of them are not usable.
Use reasonably and strengthen
maintenance.
Adopted by management authority
Overpasses or underpasses
1 Steps of overpasses are too steep, and not all steps are made by
non-slip material and lack of handrails, and it is inconvenient for
elderly and disabled to use.
Set step height reasonably, cover the steps
by non-slip material, add handrail in the
middle of wide overpasses, to make it
convenient for elderly and disabled to pass.
Adopted by management authority
and has been included in the
feasibility study.
2 No windscreen, and it is very cold in winter.
Add windscreen to big overpasses to make
it convenient. In addition, take weather
factor into consideration, and the number of
underpasses should be increased.
Adopted by management authority
and has been included in the
feasibility study.
Sidewalks or bike lanes
1 Too many motors in sidewalk and it is very difficult for elderly and
disabled.
Relative department should carry out policy
and measures to strengthen management.
Adopted by management authority
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10.2.5Mitigation Measures and Suggestions for Environment Impact during
The Construction
Mitigation measures for traffic impact. Take this factor into full
consideration when making project implementation and require particularly
busy roads’ requirements to avoid the rush hour (such as night transport to
ensure there is no traffic congestion during day time).
Reduce dust. We advice that when constructing under the continuous
good weather and wind conditions, spraying some water to the heap soil to
prevent dust, and constructors should carry out cleaning policy for the
construction sites.
Control noise pollution. To reduce construction impact on nearby
residents, project should not allow construction from 11pm to 6 am the next
day within the area where is not far more than 200 meters away from
residential. And construction equipment and methods should be taken into
consideration and instrument which low noise is needed should be preferred.
To the project must be constructed at night, which will affect surrounding
residents; noise reduction measures should be carried out. And at the same
time, temporary facilities can be set up around construction sites or residential
to ensure the quality of living environment.
Restore greenery on municipal roads. After completion of construction,
damaged roads and landscaping should be recovered as soon as possible so
that avoids affecting urban function.
10.2.6Suggestions to Intensify The Unified Management of Bus System
Currently, Harbin city bus system composition is complex; there is a mix of
state-owned units and private stock enterprise, and individual vehicles on
some lines. Nearly 30 bus companies in the city, procurement of vehicle model
is multifarious, specifications also differ, and even the execution of the
charging standard is not unified. We suggest that the Harbin city should
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strengthen the unified management, such as vehicle centralized purchasing,
unified logo, unified car color, uniform charge policy, for vehicle maintenance
and convenient unified management.
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Annex 1 Social Investigation Questionnaire of Project
Questionnaire number: M_______ ; Investigator:__________; Investigation time:___________; Investigation site:___________;
Respondent’s address:_______ ; Area:_________; Street:________; Community:_________.
: Social Investigation Questionnaire of Project Dear Sir/Madam:
Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Our questionnaire consists of six parts and you only need to be careful to fill in according to the actual situation. It will take you approximately 30 minutes. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential.
Filling explanation: 1, please tick“√” on the option which is suitable for you, or fill in the " "; 2, multiple-choice, please tick“√”on all realistic option.
Social Assessment Consulting Team of HCWSPTSP
A. Travel mode of residents A1. In winter, your travel mode first:____ second:____ third:____
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1.On foot; 2.By bicycle; 3.By bus; 4.By taxi; 5.By electric vehicles; 6.By motorcycle; 7. By private cars; 8.By shuttle bus; 9.Other A2. Except for winter, your travel mode first:____ second:____ third:____ 1.On foot; 2.By bicycle; 3.By bus; 4.By taxi; 5.By electric vehicles; 6.By motorcycle; 7. By private cars; 8.By shuttle bus; 9.Other A3. In winter, the frequency of you taking a bus: 1. At least 1 times per day; 2. 2 or 3 day 1 time; 3. 1 time per week; 4. 1 time two weeks; 5. 1 time per month; 6. Other A4. Except for winter, the frequency of you taking a bus: 1. At least 1 times per day; 2. 2 or 3 day 1 time; 3. 1 time per week; 4. 1 time two weeks; 5. 1 time per month; 6. Other A5. Under normal circumstances, the main reason you take a bus to go out is that: (Multiple-choice, limited to choose 3 items) 1. Go to work; 2. Go to school; 3. Pick up children; 4. Shopping; 5. Buy food and Daily necessities; 6. Go to see a doctor; 7. To visit relatives and friends; 8.Go to take exercises 9. Other A6. Which of the following reasons could prompt you to change the most commonly used mode of transportation at present to take the bus? (Multiple-choice, limited to choose 3 items) 1. The bus station can provide more smart information (such as electronic maps. The smart query system, electronic screens can show the arrival time, etc.) 2. More clean and well maintained buses 3. The bus is faster (if there is a bus exclusive passageway) 4. Add new bus lines between home and travel destinations 5. Lower ticket price 6. Transfer to other modes of faster transport 7. The platform has warm facilities 8. Taking a bus is safer 9. Buses can provide special seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant 10. Buses transfer preferential (such as transfer within the given time, give preferential) . A7. What reasons would lead you to do not use the bus, and change into a different kind of transportation? (Limited to choose 3 items) Parking easier 2. Subway station opening 3.When the bus is not on time 4. When buses are too crowded during the go to work time 5. Easier and safer to cross the road 6. Fuel costs less 7. Have the ability to buy cars 8. Bus stations provide rental bicycles 9. Have the ability to buy electric cars 10. Buses can provide special seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant 11. Other 12. Will not change B. Bus service status B1. What do you think is the most crowded time for bus:
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1.7:00-9:00; 2.9:00-12:00; 3.12:00-14:00; 4.14:00-16:00; 5.16:00-18:00; 6.18:00-20:00; 7. after 20 o’clock B2.How long it takes you to wait by bus generally? 1.5 minutes; 2.5-10 minutes; 3.10-20 minutes; 4.20-30 minutes; 5.30 minutes B3. Compare waiting for a bus in winter to not in winter you think in winter need 1. Much longer; 2. Slightly longer; 3. Almost the same; 4. Shorter; 5.Feel no change B4.when you take buses in the city to the place where you want to go, what do you think of the transfer time: 1. Too much, very inconvenient; 2. A bit more, it is acceptable; 3. Not so much, is very satisfied; 4. Other B5. What do you think of the current bus line? 1. There are many; 2. Basically right; 3. Less B6. What do you think the frequency of bus start? 1. There are many; 2. Basically right; 3. Less B7. What do you think of the bus starting time and ending time 1. Reasonable; 2. Basically reasonable 3. Starting time is too late; 4. Ending time is too early B8. What do you think of the construction of the bus stations 1. Very reasonable; 2. The comparison is not reasonable; 3. General; 4. Is not very reasonable; 5. Very unreasonable B9.The shortage of bus station construction: 1. The distance is too far away; 2. The distance is too close; 3. There is no bus station where is needed ( ); 4. There is no facilities which can keep warm in winter; 5. The platform logo is not clear; 6. The platform is too narrow; 7. Adjacent to the fast traffic lane, is dangerous; 8. It is slippery in winter, easy to fall B10.What do you think of the bus internal device 1. Very good; 2. Better; 3. In general; 4. Worse; 5. Very bad B11. What do you think of the shortage of the bus internal device: 1. Special seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant are too little; 2. Seats are not enough; 3. Stopping report is not clear; 4. No air conditioning; 5. Armrest is unsafe; 6. Getting on or off the bus is not convenient; 7. Using traffic credit card is not convenient; 8.stopping is unstable; 9. Other B12.what do you think of the current price of bus ticket:
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1. Too high; 2. Reasonable; 3. The lower B13. What do you think the shortcomings of taking a bus: 1. Crowded; 2. Take too much time; 3. Unpunctuality; 4. Insecurity; 5. Inconvenient; 6. The high price of tickets; 7.other B14. What problems do you think the public bus need to improve? 1. The lines are not reasonable; 2. The vehicle configuration is not reasonable; 3. The price is too high; 4. Public transit network is unreasonable; 5. Changing and connecting is not good; 6. Terminal facilities are not enough; 7. The viewpoint of bus priority is weak; 8. The platform set is not reasonable; 9. No air conditioning 10. Other B15. What do you think of the current problems of urban pavement? 1. The cars occupy the pavement; 2. Too narrow; 3. Too dirty, disorderly or bad; 4. The billboards are too many; 5. Roads are too slippery B16. What do you think are the main problems of crossing the road through the intersection? 1. It takes too much time to wait for the green light; 2. The green light time is too short for pedestrians to cross road; 3.It is easy to course traffic jams when the traffic lights change, and it makes difficult for pedestrians to cross from the intersection; 4.Too many pedestrians need to cross the road, and not all of them can pass before the green light change;5. the cars from the left and right lane drive into the pavement during the green light; 6. Cars do not give way to pedestrians ; 7. There is no safety island in the middle of the road;8. Cars could come from any direction. C. Bus priority corridors construction C1. To improve the situation of urban traffic congestion, what do you think should be done: 1. Broaden the city roads; 2. To restrict private cars going out; 3. To develop underground rail traffic; 4. Develop the public transport first; 5. Increase the transfer center, make it convenient to transfer; 6. Provide the public bicycle; 7. There is no way to improve; 8. Other C2. Do you think it is necessary to set up bus lanes in Harbin? 1. It is necessary; 2. Don't need to; 3. It doesn't matter C3. Your attitude about setting up bus lanes in this city: 1. Support; 2. Oppose; 3. It doesn't matter C4. How much the bus ticket takes you can accept after the completion of bus priority corridors ,? 1. Constant; 2. Add (please write down your acceptable increase yuan/time) C5.Do you think the time you take buses will increase or others after the completion of bus priority corridors?
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1. Increase; 2. Will not change; 3. Difficult to judge C6.Which places must be established bus stations after the completion bus lanes? 1.Places near schools; 2. Places near hospitals; 3. Places near parks; 4. City center; 5. Places near the vegetable markets; 6. Places near shopping markets; 7. Other C7. In winter, what do you think is the reasonable interval time of buses:____ minutes a bus; Reasonable interval time of buses during rush hours:____ minutes a bus. C8.the suitable time for first bus and last bus you think is: _____in the morning; ____in the evening. C9. What are the possible positive effects, after the completion of bus priority corridors? 1. Travel more convenient; 2. Ease traffic congestion; 3. Low carbon and environmental protection; 4. Travel is more efficient; 5. Safer ; 6. Add more job opportunities and increase income; 7. Other C10. What are your concerns after the completion of bus priority corridors? 1. Ticket price; 2. The corridors will take up the road and the traffic will be crowded; 3. Less bus stations; 4. Other C11. If construct the crossing road, which way do you tend to choose? 1.The way which has a safety island and can cross the street directly; 2. Directly cross the street; 3. Overpasses; 4. The underground passages. C12. what do you care about most if update the buses in this city? 1. The appearance of the bus; 2. Whether the buses can use clean energy to reduce pollution; 3. The interior of the bus; 4. How many people the bus can take. C13. Do you want the main problems of transportation infrastructure in this city be solved? Please according to the actual situation, fill “√” in the appropriate spaces.
Traffic facilities Highly hope Somewhat hope Hope little Neither Not care
1. Construct bus bay stop
2. Increase seasonal heat preservation facilities in the bus
3. Set the countdown traffic lights
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4. Increase the street lamp
5. Increase the motor vehicle parking spaces
6. Increase road traffic signs
7. Use bus card to pay
8. Easy to recharge for the bus card
9. Increase the route way
10. Separate the motor and non-motor vehicle
11. Set up the smart bus electronic display screen, report traffic real time
12. Set transit service web site, let the public understand real-time information through the web and WAP
13. Increase the road greening
14. Increase facilities and vehicles which can clean snow quickly
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15. Increase the deicing facilities and vehicles
16. Update the buses
17. Improve the efficiency of the traffic police
18. Improve the environment of bus station and inner of buses
C14. For the transport infrastructure project is not mentioned in the table above, is there anything else you think need to strengthen? Please write your opinions and suggestions on the underline.
C15. In view of the public transport hub station to be constructed in this project, which aspects do you think is need to be considered: 1. Convenient for indoor transfer in winter; 2. Easy to identify the signs, transfer time is short; 3.Provide commercial facilities ; 4. Close to the railway station; 5. Other convenience D. Traffic safety D1. Are you satisfied with the urban traffic safety? 1. Strongly dissatisfied; 2. Somewhat dissatisfied; 3. Somewhat satisfied; 4. Very satisfied; 5.Not care D2. Where take road accidents frequently? 1. The intersections; 2. The forks in the road; 3. The junctions of motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles ; 4. Other D3. What measures do you think can improve the current traffic safety situation? 1. To design more special lanes; 2. Design reasonable intersections; 3. Design more underground passage or bridge on the ground; 4. Other D4. Which way can be effective to propagandize the traffic safety? 1. Local radio, TV, Newspapers and other media; 2. The owner’s community or community organization; 3. Put up posters in the community; 4. Send safety manual to residents; 5. Set the traffic safety propaganda window at the crowed place.; 6. Set up safety training base D5. You want the city's main traffic safety problem be improved? Please according to the actual situation, fill“√” in the appropriate Spaces.
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Project Highly hope Somewhat hope Hope little Neither Not care 1.Safety consciousness is weak 2.Lack of traffic knowledge 3.People walk when the vehicles are
driving
4.Vehicles drive at random at the crossroads
5.Pedestrians break traffic light at random
6.Drivers do not drive the vehicles on the regulate lanes
7.The speed of cars is too fast 8.Traders take up the road space 9.Traffic administration cannot
manage well
10.Snow cannot be removal in time in winter
D6. For the traffic safety project is not mentioned in the table above, is there anything else you think need to strengthen? Please write your opinions and suggestions on the underline.
E. Basic information E1. Age:____ Population in your home:____ E2. Gender: 1. Male; 2. Female E3. The cultural degree: 1. Junior college graduated or above; 2. Senior high school/Secondary technical school; 3. Junior high school; 4. Primary
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school; 5. Illiteracy E4. The nation: 1. Han; 2. The other ethnic groups E5. Occupation: 1. Employee of state-owned enterprise; 2. Employee of private enterprise; 3. Farmers 4. Self-employer; 5. Freelance worker; 6. Unemployment; 7. Students; 8. Retirement; 9. Other E6. Family monthly income:1.10000 below 2.10001 to 40000 yuan; 3.40001 to 60000 yuan; 4.60001 to 100000 yuan;5 More than 100000 yuan. E7. Do you have a driver's license? 1. Yes; 2. No E8. Do your family have a private car? 1. Yes; 2. No; E9. How many private cars do your family have? 1.1, 2. 2, 3. 3, 4. more than 3 . E10. Do you often drive a car? 1. Regularly; 2. Occasionally; 3. Don't drive F. Special group going out F1. The informant’s family is: 1. Low-income residents; 2. The disabled family; 3. The old man F2. You want the main problems of transportation infrastructure in the city be solved? Please according to the actual situation, fill“√” in the appropriate spaces
Transportation infrastructure Highly hope Somewhat hope Hope little Neither Not care 1. The height of the platform and bus floor should be consistent
2. Set bar and lifting handle 3. Set blind barrier-free facilities and emergency import and export
4. The body of buses and platform should be marked clearly
5. The government should give public transport subsidies when the ticket price rise
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6. Set more seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, disable and pregnant
7. Educate to the driver about the safety, in order to avoid starting and braking too urgent
8. Others Questionnaire number____ ;Investigator_________ ;Investigation date____ ;Investigation place_____ .
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Annex 2 The Taxi Driver Social Investigation Questionnaire
Dear Sir/Madam Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves
residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of HUIPTSP
J1.In your opinion, what problem does Harbin have in traffic and roads? Tick in the blank. 1. The snow and ice cannot be cleaned in time_____________; 2. Traffic jam in the rush hours__________; 3. Some roads are so narrow that they should be expand__________; 4. Lack of overpasses and underground tunnel________; 5. Lack of traffic signs and markings_________; 6. Pedestrians, bus, car hog to each other__________; 7. Vehicles cross the crossing disorderly_______; 8. Lack of Parking facilities and Public parking lots_________; 9. legal roadside parking________; 10. Speeding__________; 11. Vehicles change lines, start and turn too fast______; 12. Vehicles don’t obey traffic lights______; 13. Bicycles, electric cars and motorcycles at will______; 14. Pedestrians don’t obey traffic lights___________; 15. Pedestrians cross the road at will________;
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16. Lack of central refuge in wide road___________; 17. Vendors use the space of road________; 18. Traffic administration lose regulation__________; 19. People don’t have enough safety consciousness____________; 20. People don’t have enough knowledge of traffic_____; 21. Other__________. J2. Which of the following measures to improve traffic situation is necessary? Tick in the blank. Measures Very Necessary Necessary
Little necessary
No necessary Not care
Increase the bus lanes
Increase a non-motor vehicle
Increase pedestrian path
Set central refuges in wide road
Ban vendors selling goods on the
Set the countdown traffic lights
Broaden narrow roads or increase
Increase vehicle parking Spaces
Limit the number of private cars
Set road signs and traffic signs
Increase the overpasses and
Buses, taxis install smart vehicle navigation, real-time traffic reports
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Quick snow-cleaning facilities and
Ice-cleaning facilities and vehicles
Traffic police efficiency
Strengthen the enforcement of
Increase the punishments for
Establish safety education base
J3.What do you think of setting bus dedicated channel? Will it affect the operation of the taxi? Tick in the blank 1. taxi will be more difficult to drive_____; 2. No effects____; 3. Taxi will be easier to drive____. J4. After improving public transport, do you think taxi passenger transportation will be effected? 1. passengers will be less;2. no effects;3. passengers will be more. J5. What do you think, after improve public transportation, does this have any impact on car rental income? 1. Fewer passengers, operating income to decrease;2. The income doesn’t change a lot;3. operation efficiency increases,income increases. J6.For city smart transport system, what good advices do you think can be placed into the project? _________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your cooperation!
Questionnaire number____ ;Investigator_________ ;Investigation date____ ;Investigation place_____ ;Respondent____________.
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Annex 3 Social Investigation Questionnaire for Traffic Police
Dear Sir/Madam Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves
residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of HUIPTSP
J1. What do you think about the city public traffic of Harbin? 1. Excellent 2. Relatively good 3. Common 4. Relatively bad 5. Bad J2. What do you think is the most important problem in the city public traffic system? 1. The ice on the road cannot be cleaned in time___ 2. Traffic jam in rush hours__ 3. Pedestrians, bus, car hog to each other______ 4. Vehicles cross the crossing disorderly_______ 5. Illegal parking______ 6. Speeding_______ 7. Vehicles change lines, start and turn too fast____ 8. Vehicles don’t obey traffic lights______ 9. Lack of traffic signs and markings_________ 10. Pedestrians don’t obey traffic lights___________ 11. Pedestrians cross the road at will________ 12. Frequent occurrence of traffic accidents
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13. Traffic lights works for too short time that the elderly and the disabled is difficult to cross the road 14. Other _______ J3.What do you think are the main cause of these problems? (sort the choices by importance) 1. Shortage of snowplow car _______ 2. Lack of road construction ______; 3. Lack of Public transport vehicles ______; 4. Bus line setup is not reasonable_______ 5. Lack of crossing facilities like Overpasses, underground tunnel_____; 6. Bus stop channel is not perfect ______ 7. Traffic propaganda is insufficient, lack of knowledge of traffic light, traffic safety consciousness ______ 8. Lack of traffic management______ 9. Lack of knowledge of traffic signs, traffic marking______ 10. Public parking facilities are insufficient, lack of social public parking lot______ 11. Road scheduling system lags behind, the road diversion ability is not good ______ 12. Lack of central refuge at wide place in the road 13. road space extrusion by vendors_____ 14 . Lack of. Traffic administration regulation ____ 15. other______ J4. Where do you think have the most traffic accidents? Tick in the blank. 1、Crossing ______;2、Turning______;3、 Junction of vehicle and non-motor vehicle______; 4、near the platform; 5、other J5. Which of the following measures do you think are necessary for improving traffic situation? Tick in the blanks. Measures Very Necessary Necessary
Little necessary
No necessary Not care
1.Increase the bus lanes
2.Increase a non-motor vehicle lanes
3.Set the pedestrian
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4.Set central refuge
5.Ban venders selling goods in road
6.Set countdown traffic lights
7.Broaden the narrow roads or increase lanes
8.Increase motor vehicle parking lots
9.Limit the number of private cars on the road
10.set road signs and traffic signs
11.Increase the number of overpasses and underground tunnels
12.Buses, taxis install smart vehicle navigation, real-time traffic reports
13.Quick snow-cleaning facilities and vehicles
14.Ice-cleaning facilities and vehicles
15.Traffic police efficiency
16.Strengthen the enforcement of traffic rules
17.Increase the punishments of traffic laws and regulations’
violation
18.Establish safety education base
J6. Which group do you think should take road safety education? 1、Private cars drivers_____;2、bus drivers_____;3、taxi drivers_____;4、motorcycle drivers_____;5.bicycle riders_____;6、pedestrians_____;7、students_____;8、pedestrians_____;9、Migrant workers_____;10、Floating population ;11 other (detailed)_____
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J7. What do you think are the effective ways to have the traffic safety propaganda? Tick in the blanks 1、Local radio stations, television stations, newspapers and other media ______;2、community organizations______;3、posters in posters ______;4、Issue safety manual to residents ______;5、setting the traffic safety propaganda windows to issue safety manual to residents ______;6、Establish safety education base ______;other(explain it)______. J8. Do you think the traffic signal system in Harbin is perfect? Tick in the blanks 1. NO 2. YES 3. Not sure J5.1What are the problems if it is not perfect? 1、transformation frequency of red and green lights is too slow______;2、transformation frequency of red and green lights is too fast_____;3、not enough time for red and green lights______;4、too much traffic lights______;5、lack of traffic lights______;6、lack of countdown system______;7、confusing changes of traffic lights when turning______;8 other____ J9. Is there a need to improve public transportation of Harbin? 1、very necessary______;2、relatively necessary 3. Just as well 4. No necessary____;5、I don’t know_____ J10. Which of the following measures is acceptable to improve public transformation of Harbin? 1、increase bus stops______;2、increase bus lanes______;3、Transfer of cohesion between bus routes ______;4、Adding more bus shifts ______;5、Improving the punctuality of buses stop______;6、Improve the bus stop waiting facilities______;7、get the bus information before taking a bus______;8、set lanes for bus only_____;9、better maintenance and cleaning for buses______;10、link up bus and other Mode of transport ______;11、set the bus stops near the Business center____;12、increase bus numbers in rush hours______;13、other (in detail)______ J11. For city smart transport system, what good advice do you think can be placed into the project? ______________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your cooperation! Questionnaire number____ ;Investigator__________ ;Investigation date____ ;Investigation place_____ ;Respondent________
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Annex 4 Social Investigation Questionnaire about Floating Population
Dear Sir/Madam Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves
residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of MUIPTSP
W1. Why you come to Harbin? 1. For a business trip 2. Travel 3. Visiting relatives and friends 4. Others W2. What do you think of the public traffic situation of Harbin? 1. Very well____; 2. Better____; 3. The general ______; 4. Worse____; 5. Very bad ______; W3. What transportation do you chose when you are in Harbin? 1. The public bus; 2. Taxi; 3. On foot; 4. Lease vehicles 5. Others W4. Why you choose the public transportation? 1. It is cheap; 2. It is safe; 3.It usually on time; 4. Can’t get a taxi 5. Others W5. Why you choose to take a taxi? 1.It is convenient 2. The road is slippery, and go to the bus station is not convenient. 3. There is no heat preservation facilities at the bus station 4.It is faster 4. 5. Others W6. What are the main problems of the city public traffic in Harbin you think? 1, The snow and ice on roads cannot be cleaned in time____; 2,During the rush time the traffic is very jam____; 3,Pedestrians, bus, car take up roads each other; 4, Vehicles move disorderly at the intersection____; 5,The problem of parking at random is serious____; 6, The speed of Vehicles is too
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fast____; 7, The bus auto off at random, and start or turn too fast____; 8, Vehicles don't obey the traffic lights indicate____; 9, Bicycles, electric cars and motorcycles move at random____; 10, Pedestrians rush traffic light____; 11, Pedestrians crossing the street at random____.; 12,Traffic incidents occur frequently____; 13, Signal time is too short, the elderly, the disabled can’t cross the road during that time____; 14. Is there anything else? ____ __; W7. Which of the following reasons will prompt you to change the most commonly used mode of transportation to take the bus? 1, Bus station can provide more smart information (such as electronic maps, smart query system, and electronic screen which can display the bus arrival time, etc.) 2, More buses which are cleaned and maintained well 3, The bus is more faster (if there is dedicated channel for buses) 4,Add new bus lines between home and travel destination 5, The ticket for bus is lower than before 6,Transfer to other transportation platform is convenient 7,Provide heat preservation facilities at the bus stations W8.Do you have any other good suggestions for the city smart transport system project? __________________________________________________________________
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Annex 5 Bus drivers investigation questionnaire
Questionnaire number: M_______ ; Investigator:__________; Investigation time:___________; Investigation site:___________;
Bus driver’s society investigation questionnaire Dear Sir/Madam
Hello! Commissioned by PMO of HCWSPTSP, we are conducting a social survey about Harbin city traffic condition. The project mainly involves residents’ travel mode, the present situation of transportation, the urban traffic, traffic safety, etc. Your choices and opinions are very important to our investigation and the results of the survey will be decision-making basis for government transportation project, please be patient and express your true opinion. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential. Thanks very much! Social Assessment Consulting Team of HUIPTSP
Investigation questionnaire G1、What is your main difficulty in the process of driving in Harbin city ? Please sort. 1、The roads are icy in winter .
2、The smart degree of existing bus-stops and buses is not enough , which is difficult to meet the information query demand of passengers . The workload of bus drivers increases, which affects the efficiency of the bus speed.
3、The roads or part of them are narrow .
4、Bus lanes are lacked .
5、The signal system is not perfect .
6、Road traffic signs and markings are lacked .
7、Vehicles are random at intersections .
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8、Buses and their equipments are aging .
9、Bus-stops are lacked or them are narrow .
10、Passenger safety protection facilities and warning signs are lacked near the bus-stops .
11、After arriving , buses are difficult to stop in bus-stops .
12、Buses lack heat preservation facilities .
13、Facilities are obsolete and service abilities are insufficient in the bus stop security fields .
14、Other social vehicles are driving too fast .
15、Other social vehicles are changing lanes , starting or turning at will .
16、Roadside parking is random .
17、Pedestrians walk across the road at will .
18、Pedestrians run the red light .
19、Pedestrians walk on the motorway rather than walk on the sidewalk .
20、Before the bus comes to a complete stop in the bus-shop , pedestrians rush to get on the bus .
21、Bicycles , motorcycles or electric vehicles move in the traffic at will .
22、Vendors take up road space .
23、Disabled persons are difficult to query information and get on or off the bus , which affects the operational efficiency .
24、What else ?
G2、What do you think is the most likely reason to cause the bus accidents risk in Harbin city ? Fill ''√'' in the corresponding blanks . 1、The roads are icy in winter _______;2、The traffic is blocked _________; 3、The roads or part of them are narrow_________;
Bus lanes are lacked ________;5、The signal system is not perfect ________;6、Road traffic signs and markings are lacked ________;7、Vehicles are random at intersections _______;8、Buses and their equipments are aging______;9、Bus-stops are lacked or them are narrow _______;10、Passenger safety protection facilities and warning signs are lacked near the bus-stops________;11、After arriving , buses are difficult to stop in bus-stops ________;12、Buses lack heat preservation facilities_________;13、Facilities are obsolete and service abilities are insufficient in the bus stop
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security fields ________;14、Other social vehicles are driving too fast________;15、Other social vehicles are changing lanes , starting or turning at will______;16、Roadside parking is random_________;17、Pedestrians walk across the road at will_______;18、Pedestrians run the red light_______; 19、Pedestrians walk on the motorway rather than walk on the sidewalk_______;20、Before the bus comes to a complete stop in the bus-shop , pedestrians rush to get on the bus_______; 21、Bicycles , motorcycles or electric vehicles move in the traffic at will________;22、Vendors take up road space________;23、What else ?____________________________________________________________________.
G3、What do you think is the most effective way to decrease the bus accidents risk in Harbin city ? Fill ''√'' in the corresponding blanks .
1、Increasing snow ploughs________;2、Building or widening the roads_________;3、Increasing bus lanes_______; 4、Changing operation modes of the traffic light signal system ( such as the countdown signals )_______;5、Increasing sidewalks and non-motor vehicle lanes________;6、Increasing overpasses and underpasses in the places which have big traffic flows _______;7、Building the bus bay stops_______;8、setting up passenger safety protection facilities or warning signs near the bus-stops______;9、Replacing to the new energy-saving environmental safety buses_______;10、Strengthening the education and training of the safety awareness for bus drivers car drivers and pedestrians______;11、Increasing motor vehicle parking lots _______;12、Strengthening the enforcement of traffic rules and regulations______;13、Other ( please give details )_________________.
G4、What changes that passengers want the most do you think are on buses in Harbin city ? Fill ''√'' in the corresponding blanks .
1、Increasing bus-stops______;2、Adding more bus lines_________;3、Strengthening links of transfer between bus routes_______;4、Adding more fleets of buses______;5、Improving the punctuality rate of buses arriving_______;6、Improving the waiting service facilities of bus-stops ( such as heat preservation facilities ) ________;7、Getting the information about the bus travel time before getting on the bus ( such as the arrival time , etc . ) 8、Increasing in the number of the bus lane________;9、Providing better maintenance and cleaning for buses________;10、Strengthening links between buses and other modes of transport_______;11、Making the bus- stop near the commercial service center________;12、Increasing in the number of buses to reduce the congestion level on the buses in rush hours_______;13、Other ( please give details )__________________________.
G5、About smart transportation system for buses in the city , what do you think is good advice that can be placed into the project design ?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your cooperation !
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Annex 6 Summarizes of Questionnaire Investigation on Social
Assessment
I. Foreword
“Harbin Cold Weather Smart Public Transport System Project Loaned by
World Bank” is the key construction projects of Harbin. In order to figure out
the public awareness and views of the project; make the social assessment
of the project more objective and scientific; make the preparation, design,
construction and operational management coordinated with the regional
socio-economic development goals, specific local conditions and the
development needs of the target population; to better implement the
Safeguard Polices of World Bank and all the rights specified in the policy of
the affected population in the project, from the March 14th , 2013 to the March
20th , 2013, research group ”Social Assessment of the Harbin Cold Weather
Smart Public Transport System Project Loaned by World Bank” conducted
the field investigation of the residents, bus passengers and enterprises’
workers near the Harbin smart public transport construction’s main roads
(Daxin Street - Beixin Street, Railway Street - Harbin Street, Hongqi Street).
Between August 1st and August 13th, 2013, the SA team performed the
complementary investigation regarding the changed sites and uodated the
SA report based on the latest feasibility study report.
A. Time:
March 14th , 2013 to March 20th ,2013, August 1st, 2013 to August
13th ,2013
B. Place:
Harbin
C. Objective:
Figure out the public awareness and views of the project; make the
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social assessment of the project more objective and scientific; make the
preparation, design, construction and operational management coordinated
with the regional socio-economic development goals, specific local conditions
and the development needs of the target population; to better implement the
Safeguard Polices of World Bank and all the rights specified in the policy of
the affected population in the project.
D. Respondents:
The residents, bus passengers and workers of the enterprises near the
Harbin smart public transport construction’s main roads (Youyi Road,
Xinyang Road, Hongqi Street).
E. Method:
By the method of random sampling, the investigation was sent out 506
questionnaires, take back 500 questionnaires, in which the valid
questionnaires are 500. Statistical analysis was conducted by the use of the
SPSS.
Ⅱ. Analysis of the Questionnaire’s Basic Information
A. The way the residents choose to travel
1. In winter, people’s main ways to travel are “ Bus ”(accounting for
32.5%), “ Taxi ”(accounting for 25.4%) and “ On foot ”(accounting for 23.7%)
(Table A1). The most respondents chose “ Bus ” as the first choice of the way
to travel in winter, accounting for 66.4%; next is “ On foot ”, accounting for
12.2%; then is “ Private cars ”, accounting for 11.8% (Table A1.1). The most
respondents chose “ Taxi ” as the second choice of the way to travel in winter,
accounting for 45.2%; next is “ On foot ”, accounting for 19.6%; then is “ Bus ”,
accounting for 19.2% (Table A1.2). The most respondents chose “ On foot ”
as the third choice of the way to travel in winter, accounting for 41.6%; next is
“ Taxi ”, accounting for 25.8% (Table A1.3).
A1 Way to Travel in Winter
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Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Way to Travel
in Winter
On foot 348 23.7% 69.6%
Bicycle 60 4.1% 12.0%
Bus 477 32.5% 95.4%
Taxi 373 25.4% 74.6%
Electric car 12 .8% 2.4%
Motorcycle 7 .5% 1.4%
Private car 130 8.9% 26.0%
Shuttle bus 29 2.0% 5.8%
Others 31 2.1% 6.2%
Total 1467 100.0% 293.4%
A1.1 First Choice of the Way to Travel in Winter
Frequency Percentage (%)
On foot 61 12.2
Bicycle 9 1.8
Bus 332 66.4
Taxi 28 5.6
Electric car 2 .4
Motorcycle 2 .4
Private car 59 11.8
Shuttle bus 6 1.2
Others 1 .2
Total 500 100.0
183
A1.2 Second Choice of the Way to Travel in Winter
Frequency Percentage (%)
On foot 98 19.6
Bicycle 31 6.2
Bus 96 19.2
Taxi 226 45.2
Electric car 4 .8
Motorcycle 1 .2
Private car 30 6.0
Shuttle bus 9 1.8
Others 5 1.0
Total 500 100.0
A1.3 Third Choice of the Way to Travel in Winter
Frequency Percentage(%)
On foot 208 41.6
Bicycle 20 4.0
Bus 53 10.6
Taxi 129 25.8
Electric car 6 1.2
Motorcycle 4 .8
Private car 42 8.4
Shuttle bus 14 2.8
Others 24 4.8
184
Frequency Percentage(%)
Total 500 100.0
2. In no-winter seasons, people’s main ways to travel are
“Bus ”(accounting for 31.2%), “ On foot ”(accounting for 26.9%) and
“ Taxi ”(accounting for 22.7%) (Table A2). The most respondents chose
“ Bus ” as the first choice of the way to travel in no-winter seasons,
accounting for 53.4%; next is “ On foot ”, accounting for 24.2%; then is
“ Private cars ”, accounting for 12.2% (Table A2.1). The most respondents
chose “ Taxi ” as the second choice of the way to travel in no-winter seasons,
accounting for 33.2%; next is “ Bus ”, accounting for 29.0%; then is “ On foot ”,
accounting for 20.2% (Table A2.2). The most respondents chose “ On foot ”
as the third choice of the way to travel in no-winter seasons, accounting for
36.2%; next is “ Taxi ”, accounting for 32.6% (Table A2.3).
Public transportation is the main way to travel in Harbin, bus is the first
choice to travel by, while it would be affected by season heavily whether to
choose taxi to travel by. Since it’s extremely cold in winter, people would
rather take a taxi to go out. It’s of the highest frequency for the residents to
take the bus, and the frequency is a little higher in winter than in no-winter
seasons.
A2 Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Way to Travel in
No-winter Seasons
On foot 403 26.9% 80.6%
Bicycle 94 6.3% 18.8%
Bus 468 31.2% 93.6%
Taxi 341 22.7% 68.2%
Electric car 20 1.3% 4.0%
185
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Motorcycle 10 .7% 2.0%
Private car 121 8.1% 24.2%
Shuttle bus 21 1.4% 4.2%
Others 22 1.5% 4.4%
Total 1500 100.0% 300.0%
A2.1 First Choice of the Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons
Frequency Percentage (%)
On foot 121 24.2
Bicycle 22 4.4
Bus 267 53.4
Taxi 12 2.4
Electric car 10 2.0
Motorcycle 1 .2
Private car 61 12.2
Shuttle bus 5 1.0
Others 1 .2
Total 500 100.0
A2.2 Second Choice of the Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons
Frequency Percentage (%)
On foot 101 20.2
Bicycle 51 10.2
Bus 145 29.0
186
Frequency Percentage (%)
Taxi 166 33.2
Electric car 4 .8
Motorcycle 4 .8
Private car 23 4.6
Shuttle bus 3 .6
Others 3 .6
Total 500 100.0
A2.3 Third Choice of the Way to Travel in No-winter Seasons
Frequency Percentage (%)
On foot 181 36.2
Bicycle 21 4.2
Bus 56 11.2
Taxi 163 32.6
Electric car 6 1.2
Motorcycle 5 1.0
Private car 37 7.4
Shuttle bus 13 2.6
Others 18 3.6
Total 500 100.0
3. As to the frequency of taking a bus, in winter, “ At least once a day ”
account for 37.4%, “ Once every 2-3 days ” account for 22.2%, and the both
add up to account for 59.6% (Table A3). While in no-winter seasons, “ At least
once a day ” account for 37.0%, “ Once every 2-3 days ” account for 26.8%,
and the both add up to account for 63.8% (Table A4). The frequency of the
187
people’s take a bus is also at a high level.
A3 Frequency of Taking a Bus in Winter
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
At least once a day 187 37.4 37.4
Once every 2-3 days 111 22.2 59.6
Once a week 98 19.6 79.2
Once every two weeks 38 7.6 86.8
Once a month 36 7.2 94.0
Others 30 6.0 100.0
Total 500 100.0
A4 Frequency of Taking a Bus in No-winter Seasons
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
At least once a day 185 37.0 37.0
Once every 2-3 days 134 26.8 63.8
Once a week 94 18.8 82.6
Once every two weeks 31 6.2 88.8
Once a month 32 6.4 95.2
Others 24 4.8 100.0
Total 500 100.0
4. In general, people take a bus mainly to “ Shopping ”, ” Go to work ” , ”
Buy some food and daily necessities ”, which respectively account for 30.1%,
24.6% and 12.2%.
188
A5 Main Reason for Taking a Bus
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Main Reason for
Taking a Bus
Go to work 240 24.6% 48.0%
Go to school 72 7.4% 14.4%
Take the kids 56 5.7% 11.2%
Shopping 294 30.1% 58.8%
Buy some food
and daily
necessities
119 12.2% 23.8%
See a doctor 63 6.4% 12.6%
Visit relatives 83 8.5% 16.6%
Take sports 21 2.1% 4.2%
Others 29 3.0% 5.8%
Total 977 100.0% 195.4%
5. From the results of the investigation, 17.3% of the respondents
thought the main reason for them to turn to take the bus was “ Buses are
clean and maintained well ”, 14.9% of the respondents thought it was “ Bus
stops can provide more smart information ”, 14.0% of the respondents
thought it was “ New bus routes are opened between house and destination ”,
12.8% of the respondents thought it was “ Bus stops have warm facilities ”
and 12.4% of the respondents thought it was “Public transportation is more
convenient (if there are bus dedicated channels)” (Table A6). 28.4% of the
respondents thought the main reason for not taking the bus was “ Too
crowded in rush hour ”, and 21.5% of the respondents thought it was “ Bus’s
unpunctuality ” (Table A7)。
189
A6 Reason for Changing to Take the Bus
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Reason for
Changing to
Take the Bus
Bus stops can provide more
smart information (such as
electronic map, smart query
system, electronic screens
which can show the time
when the bus will arrive at
the station, etc.)
164 14.9% 32.8%
Buses are more clean and
well-maintained 190 17.3% 38.0%
Buses are more convenient
(if there are bus dedicated
channels)
136 12.4% 27.2%
New bus routes are opened
between house and
destination
154 14.0% 30.8%
Reduce the price of the ticket 120 10.9% 24.0%
It becomes more convenient
to transfer to other
transportation tools
79 7.2% 15.8%
Bus stops have warm
facilities 141 12.8% 28.2%
Public transportation are
safer 53 4.8% 10.6%
190
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
There’re special seats for the
old, the sick, the disabled,
etc.
27 2.5% 5.4%
There are discounts for
buses transferring(for
example, you can have some
discounts if you transferred
for another bus in a specified
time period)
37 3.4% 7.4%
Total 1101 100.0% 220.2%
A7 Reasons for not Taking a Bus
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Reasons for not
Taking a Bus
Parking is more convenient 64 6.1% 12.8%
Subway station is opened 132 12.5% 26.4%
Bus’s unpunctuality 226 21.5% 45.2%
Buses are too crowded in
rush hour 299 28.4% 59.8%
It’s safer and more
convenient to cross the road 48 4.6% 9.6%
Fuel expense is cheaper 30 2.9% 6.0%
Capable to buy a car 112 10.6% 22.4%
Public-renting bicycles at bus
stations 26 2.5% 5.2%
Capable to buy an electronic
cars 26 2.5% 5.2%
191
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
There’s no special seats for
the old, the sick, the
disabled, etc.
36 3.4% 7.2%
Others 35 3.3% 7.0%
Will not change 18 1.7% 3.6%
Total 1052 100.0% 210.4%
B. Present Situation of the Bus Service
1. As for the running time of bus, 52.3% of the respondents thought the
crowded time was 7:00-9:00, 31.1% of the respondents thought it was
16:00—18:00(Table B1); 42.0% of the respondents thought the time we usually
need to waiting for a bus was 5-10 minutes, 32.2% of the respondents thought
it was 10-20 minutes(Table B2);As for the waiting time of buses, 44.2% of the
respondents thought it was “ A little longer ”in winter than in no-winter seasons,
and 41.4% of the respondents thought it was “ Much longer ”(Table B3); About
the time of the first and the last bus, 57.2% of the respondents thought it was
“ Almost reasonable ”, 26.0% of the respondents thought “ The last bus is too
early ”(Table B7); As for the bus service frequency, 62.6% of the respondents
thought it was “ Almost appropriate ”, and 31.6% of the respondents thought it
was “ a little less ”(Table B6).
B1 The Most Crowded Period of Buses
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Crowed
period
7:00——9:00 394 52.3% 78.8%
9::00——12:00 38 5.0% 7.6%
192
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
12:00——14:00 18 2.4% 3.6%
14:00——16:00 20 2.7% 4.0%
16:00——18:00 234 31.1% 46.8%
18:00——20:00 45 6.0% 9.0%
After 20:00 4 .5% 0.8%
Total 753 100.0% 150.6%
B2 The Usual Waiting Time of a Bus
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Within 5 minutes 44 8.8 8.8
5-10 minutes 210 42.0 50.8
10-20 minutes 161 32.2 83.0
20-30 minutes 47 9.4 92.4
More than 30
minutes 38 7.6 100.0
Total 500 100.0
B3 Compare Bus Waiting Time in Winter With That in No-winter Seasons
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Much longer 207 41.4 41.4
A little longer 221 44.2 85.6
193
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Almost the
same 61 12.2 97.8
Shorter 6 1.2 99.0
Do not feel
difference 5 1.0 100.0
Total 500 100.0
B6 Bus Service Frequency at Present
Frequency Percentage(%)
More than enough 29 5.8
Almost appropriate 313 62.6
A little less 158 31.6
Total 500 100.0
B7 Whether the Time of the First and the Last Bus are Reasonable
Frequency Percentage(%)
Reasonable 53 10.6
Almost
reasonable 286 57.2
The first bus
is too late 31 6.2
The last bus
is too early 130 26.0
Total 500 100.0
2. About the design of the bus routes, 70.6% of the respondents thought it
was “ Almost appropriate ”(Table B5); 53.8%of the respondents thought the
194
times of transferring when taking a bus was “ A little frequently, but
acceptable ”(Table B4).
B4The Times of Transferring When Taking a Bus in the City
Frequency Percentage(%)
Too often, much
too inconvenient 82 16.4
A little frequently,
but acceptable 269 53.8
Not much , very
satisfied 135 27.0
Others 14 2.8
Total 500 100.0
B5 Condition of the Bus Routes at Present
Frequency Percentage(%)
A little more 64 12.8
Almost
appropriate 353 70.6
A little less 83 16.6
Total 500 100.0
3. The assessment of the settings inside the buses and the bus stations.
About the settings of the bus stations, 40.4% of the respondents thought it was
“ Not bad ”, 37.0% of the respondents thought it was “ Reasonable ”(Table B8);
As for the disadvantages of the bus stations’ settings, 32.8% of the
respondents thought it was mainly “ There’s no warm facilities in winter ”, and
20.9% of the respondents thought it was “ The platform is slippery and people
are easy to fall down ”(Table B9). About the settings inside the buses, 54.8% of
195
the respondents thought it was “ Not bad ”, and 25.4% of the respondents
thought it was “ Good ”(Table B10); 24.9% of the respondents thought the main
disadvantage of the settings inside the buses was “ Announcement of the
stops can’t be heard clearly ”, 20.5% of the respondents thought it was “ Seats
are not enough ”, 13.3% of the respondents thought it was “ Unstable when
parking ”, and 12.6% of the respondents thought it was “ There’s no air
conditioner ”(Table B11).
B8 assessment of the Settings of the Bus Stations
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Very
reasonable 24 4.8 4.8
Reasonable 185 37.0 41.8
Not bad 202 40.4 82.2
Not
reasonable
enough
78 15.6 97.8
Very
unreasonable 11 2.2 100.0
Total 500 100.0
B9 Disadvantages of the Bus Stations’ Settings
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency
Percentag
e
Disadvantages of
the Bus Stations’
Settings
Spacing is too far away 62 7.2% 12.4%
Spacing is too close 48 5.5% 9.6%
No stations where needed 76 8.8% 15.2%
196
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency
Percentag
e
No warm facilities in winter 284 32.8% 56.8%
Marks of the stations are
not visible enough 83 9.6% 16.6%
Platform is too small 56 6.5% 11.2%
Near a fast lane, dangerous 75 8.7% 15.0%
Platform is slippery in
winter, people are easy to
fall down
181 20.9% 36.2%
Total 865
100.0
% 173.0%
B10 Assessment of the Settings inside the Buses at Present
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Very good 12 2.4 2.4
Good 127 25.4 27.8
Not bad 274 54.8 82.6
A little bad 74 14.8 97.4
Much too
bad 13 2.6 100.0
Total 500 100.0
B11 Disadvantages of the Settings inside the Buses at Present
197
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Disadvantages of
the Settings inside
the Buses
Special seats for the
old, the sick, the
disabled, etc. are so
few
92 9.8% 18.4%
Seats are not enough 192 20.5% 38.4%
Announcement of the
stops cannot be heard
clearly
234 24.9% 46.8%
There is no air
conditioner s 118 12.6% 23.6%
Armrests are not safe 74 7.9% 14.8%
Inconvenient to get on
or get off 57 6.1% 11.4%
Inconvenient to
swiping card 23 2.5% 4.6%
Unstable when parking 125 13.3% 25.0%
Others 23 2.5% 4.6%
Total 938 100.0% 187.6%
4. Assessment of the current price of bus tickets, 88.4% of the
respondents thought it was reasonable. (Figure B12)
198
5. Disadvantages of taking a bus and problems which buses need to be
improved. 41.0% of the respondents thought the main disadvantage of taking a
bus nowadays is “ Crowded ”, 23.1% of the respondents thought it was “ Not
punctual ”, 21.9% of the respondents thought it was “ Consuming of
time ”(Table B13); As for the problems which buses need to improved, 23.8%
of the respondents thought it was “ Unreasonable car allocation ”, 17.9% of the
respondents thought it was “ Bus-first awareness is weal”, 10.7% of the
respondents thought it was “ Unreasonable routes ”, and 9.6% of the
respondents thought it was “No air conditions”(Table B14).
B13 Disadvantages of Taking a Bus at Present
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Disadvantages
of Taking a Bus
Crowded 361 41.0% 72.2%
Consuming
of time 193 21.9% 38.6%
Not punctual 203 23.1% 40.6%
199
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Unsafe 51 5.8% 10.2%
Inconvenient 49 5.6% 9.8%
High price of
the ticket 15 1.7% 3.0%
Others 8 0.9% 1.6%
Total 880 100.0% 176.0%
B14 Problems which Buses Need to Improve at Present
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Problems which
Buses Need to
Improve
Unreasonable
routes 94 10.7% 18.8%
Unreasonable car
allocation 209 23.8% 41.8%
Price of the ticket is
too high 42 4.8% 8.4%
Bus network is
unreasonable 56 6.4% 11.2%
Transferring is
inconvenient 67 7.6% 13.4%
Stations’ facilities are
weal 82 9.3% 16.4%
Bus-first awareness
is weal 157 17.9% 31.4%
Unreasonable
station allocation 68 7.7% 13.6%
200
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
There is no air
conditioner 84 9.6% 16.8%
Others 20 2.3% 4.0%
Total 879 100.0% 175.8%
6. Problems existing in the streets of the city. 26.1% of the respondents
thought the main problem of pavement in city was “ Cars occupy the
pavement ”, 25.1% of the respondents thought it was “ Dirty and disordered ”,
and 20.7% of the respondents thought it was “ Road is too narrow ”(Table B15);
About the main problem existing in crossing the street at the crossroads,
16.8% of the respondents thought it was “ Green time is too short for the
passengers to cross the street ”, 16.1% of the respondents thought it was
“ Cars don’t yield to pedestrians ”, 14.1% of the respondents thought it was
“ Waiting time of green light is too long ”, 13.0% of the respondents thought
“ Passengers are too many to cross the streets entirely during the green
time ”,12.1% of the respondents thought it was “ Traffic jams always happen
when the traffic lights change, so that pedestrians are difficult to get across the
crossroads ”(Table B16).
B15 Problems of Pavement in the City at Present
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Problems of
Pavement
Cars occupy the
pavement 205 26.1% 41.0%
Too narrow 162 20.7% 32.4%
Dirty and
disordered 197 25.1% 39.4%
201
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Too many
billboards 83 10.6% 16.6%
Slippery in
winter 137 17.5% 27.4%
Total 784 100.0% 156.8%
B16 Main Problems of Crossing the Street at the Crossroads
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Problems of the
Crossroads
Time waiting for green light is
too long 131 14.1% 26.2%
Green time is too short for the
passengers to cross the street 156 16.8% 31.2%
Traffic jams always happen
when the traffic lights change,
so that pedestrians are difficult
to get across the crossroads
112 12.1% 22.4%
Passengers are too many to
cross the streets entirely during
the green time
120 13.0% 24.0%
Cars run into the pavement
during green time 97 10.5% 19.4%
Cars don’t yield to pedestrians 149 16.1% 29.8%
There’s no safety island in the
middle of the road 71 7.7% 14.2%
Cars can rush in from every
triangle 90 9.7% 18.0%
Total 926 100.0% 185.2%
C. Construction of the Corridors Prior for Buses
1. Attitude to the construction of the corridors prior for buses. About the
necessity of constructing the bus dedicated channels in Harbin, 83.4% of the
202
respondents thought it was necessary (Figure C2); As for the attitude to the
construction of bus dedicated channels, 84.8% of the respondents said they
would support it. (Figure C3)
C2 Necessity of Constructing the Bus Dedicated Channels in Harbin
C3 Attitude to the construction of bus dedicated channels in Harbin
203
2. Suggestions on the construction of the corridors prior for buses. About
the suggestions on solutions of traffic jams, 23.8% of the respondents thought
we should “ Develop underground railway transportation ”, 21.4% of the
respondents thought we should broaden the roads, 20.1% of the respondents
thought we should give priority to development of bus transportation, 17.2% of
the respondents claimed that we should take some restrictions on the private
cars (Table C1).
After the completion of the corridors prior for buses, 87.8% of the
respondents thought the ticket price should stay the same (Figure C4); 59.4%
of the respondents thought they would take the bus more often, 25.4% of the
respondents thought the frequency for them to take a bus would not change
(Figure C5).
As for where to set up stops when the bus dedicated channels is
established, 25.3% of the respondents tended to choose some place near the
school, 20.9% of the respondents tended to choose some place in the center
of the city (Table C6).
204
About the reasonable interval time in winter, 46.2% of the respondents
thought it was within 5 minutes, 44.4% of the respondents thought it was 5-10
minutes; As for the interval time in rush hour in winter, 54.6% of the
respondents thought it was within 5 minutes, 35.6% of the respondents thought
it was 5-10 minutes (Table C7).
About the appropriate time for the first bus after the corridors prior for
buses are accomplished, 33.0% of the respondents thought it should be 5:30,
28.8% of the respondents thought it should be 5:00, and 26.2% of the
respondents thought it should be 6:00 (Table C8.1); As for the time for the last
bus, 30.8% of the respondents thought it should be 22:00, 22.4% of the
respondents thought it should be 21:00, and 12.4% of the respondents thought
it should be 23:00 (Table C8.2).
For the items they cared about update buses, 43.0% cared about whether
the cars use clean energy and whether the cars can reduce pollution
emissions, 36.4% of the respondents cared about the carrying amount of the
new buses (Figure C12).
C1 Solutions to the Traffic Jams at Present
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Solutions to
traffic jams
Broaden the roads 202 21.4% 40.4%
Take some restrictions on
the private cars 163 17.2% 32.6%
Develop underground
railway transportation 225 23.8% 45.0%
Give priority to
Development of bus
Transportation
190 20.1% 38.0%
Set up more transferring
center to make transferring
more convenient
81 8.6% 16.2%
205
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Public bicycles 58 6.1% 11.6%
Have no solutions 13 1.4% 2.6%
Others 14 1.5% 2.8%
Total 946 100.0% 189.2%
C4 Acceptable change of Ticket Price after the Completion of the Corridors
Prior for Buses
C5 Change of frequency of taking a bus after the Completion of the Corridors
Prior for Buses
206
se
C6 Where Ought to Set Bus Stops
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Where to Set Bus
Stops
Near school 257 25.3% 51.4%
Near hospital 213 20.9% 42.6%
Near park 117 11.5% 23.4%
Center of the
city 169 16.6% 33.8%
Near food
market 107 10.5% 21.4%
Near
shopping mall 143 14.1% 28.6%
Others 11 1.1% 2.2%
Total 1017 100.0% 203.4%
207
C7.1 Reasonable Interval Time of Buses in Winter
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Within 5 minutes 231 46.2 46.2
5-10 minutes 222 44.4 90.6
11-15 minutes 27 5.4 96.0
16-20 minutes 9 1.8 97.8
21-25 minutes 11 2.2 100.0
Total 500 100.0
C7.2 Reasonable Interval Time in Rush Hour in Winter
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Within 5 minutes 273 54.6 54.6
5-10 minutes 178 35.6 90.2
11-15 minutes 31 6.2 96.4
16-20 minutes 6 1.2 97.6
21-25 minutes 10 2.0 99.6
26-30 minutes 1 0.2 99.8
Above 30 minutes 1 0.2 100.0
Total 500 100.0
C8.1 Appropriate Time for the First Bus
208
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
3:30 4 0.8 0.8
4:00 8 1.6 2.4
4:30 13 2.6 5.0
5:00 144 28.8 33.8
5:30 165 33.0 66.8
5.3 1 0.2 67.0
6:00 131 26.2 93.2
6:30 13 2.6 95.8
7:00 21 4.2 100.0
总计 500 100.0
C8.2 Appropriate Time for the Last Bus
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
19:00 11 2.2 2.2
19:30 1 0.2 2.4
20:00 30 6.0 8.4
20:30 23 4.6 13.0
21:00 112 22.4 35.4
21:30 61 12.2 47.6
22:00 154 30.8 78.4
22:30 46 9.2 87.6
23:00 62 12.4 100.0
209
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Total 500 100.0
C12 Items People Care about Update Buses
3. About the influence that the construction of corridors prior for buses will
have, 28.6% of the respondents thought it would make traveling more
convenient, 26.4% of them thought it could ease traffic pressure, 17.8% of the
respondents thought it would increase the efficiency of traveling, 14.9% of
them thought it would low-carbon environment protection (Table C9). After the
completion of corridors prior for buses, 40.5% of the respondents worried that
the ticket price would increase, 33.2% of the respondents worried that the
corridors would take up the road and make the traffic become more crowded
(Table C10).
C9 Positive Impact of the Construction of Corridors Prior for Buses
210
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Positive Impact of
the Construction
of Corridors Prior
for Buses
More convenient to travel 272 28.6% 54.4%
Ease the traffic pressure 251 26.4% 50.2%
Low-carbon environment
protection 142 14.9% 28.4%
Increase the efficiency of
traveling 169 17.8% 33.8%
Bring more safe security 84 8.8% 16.8%
Increase employment
opportunities and incomes 29 3.0% 5.8%
Others 4 .4% .8%
Total 951 100.0% 190.2%
C10 Worries about the Construction of Corridors Prior for Buses
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Worries about the
Construction of
Corridors Prior for
Buses
Ticket price will increase 261 40.5% 52.2%
Take up the road, and
make traffic more
crowded
214 33.2% 42.8%
Stops are too less 155 24.1% 31.0%
Others 14 2.2% 2.8%
Total 644 100.0% 128.8%
4. Auxiliary of the construction for corridors prior for buses. About the
crossing channels, 42.2% of the respondents chose “ Overpasses ”, 27.8% of
the respondents chose “ Safety island through which we can across street
directly ”, 19.8% of the respondents chose “ Underground passage ”, and
10.2% of the respondents chose “ Cross street directly ” (Figure C11). About
211
the buses’ hub station, 35.5% of the respondents thought it should be “Easy to
identify, transferring time is short ”, 29.7% of the respondents cared about
“ Convenient to transfer indoor in winter ” (Table C15).
C11 The kind of Crossing Channels
C15 Things to Be Considered While Setting a Hub Station
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Hub station
Convenient to transfer
indoor in winter 204 29.7% 40.8%
Easy to identify, transferring
time is short 244 35.5% 48.8%
Have commercial facilities 133 19.4% 26.6%
Near the railway station 64 9.3% 12.8%
Others 42 6.1% 8.4%
Total 687 100.0% 137.4%
5. About the problems of the transport infrastructure in the city, most of the
212
people are strongly or somewhat expect to solve them. (Table C13)
C13 Transport Infrastructure Problems
Strongly expect
Somewhat expect
A bit expect
Not expect
Does not matter, I don't know
Build the harbor-shaped bus stop 270/54% 116/23.2% 45/9.0% 9/1.8% 60/12.0%
Set temperature-adjusting facilities
for different seasons at the bus
station
366/73.2% 110/22.0% 15/3.0% 3/0.6% 6/1.2%
Set the countdown traffic lights 298/59.6% 128/25.6% 47/9.4% 10/2.0% 17/3.4%
Add some street lamps 261/52.2% 132/26.4% 57/11.4% 27/5.4% 23/4.6%
Add the parking spaces for motor
vehicles 256/51.2% 126/25.2% 56/11.2% 28/5.6% 34/6.8%
Add traffic signs 284/56.8% 146/29.2% 44/8.8% 5/1.0% 21/4.2%
Using public transportation card as
the payment 291/58.2% 126/25.2% 37/7.4% 15/3.0% 31/6.2%
Convenient recharging system for
public transportation cards 310/62.0% 119/23.8% 41/8.2% 7/1.4% 23/4.6%
Add crossing channels 343/68.6% 110/22.0% 29/5.8% 6/1.2% 12/2.4%
Set non-motor vehicle lane, to
make it separate from the motor
vehicle lane
322/64.4% 123/24.6% 23/4.6% 5/1.0% 27/5.4%
Install electronic screens at the bus
station for live-traffic reports 305/61.0% 141/28.2% 26/5.2% 22/4.4% 22/4.4%
Build special websites for the
public to know the bus information 292/58.4% 135/27.0% 36/7.2% 6/1.2% 31/6.2%
More road greening 308/61.6% 134/26.8% 35/7.0% 6/1.2% 17/3.4%
Add more facilities and vehicles to
clean up the snow 355/71.0% 116/23.2% 22/4.4% 3/0.6% 4/0.8%
Add more facilities and vehicles to
remove ice 358/71.6% 116/23.2% 20/4.0% 1/0.2% 5/1.0%
Update the buses 323/64.6% 122/24.4% 35/7.0% 6/1.2% 14/2.8%
Improve the efficiency of the traffic
police 299/59.8% 146/29.2% 24/4.8% 8/1.6% 23/4.6%
Improve the interior environment of
the buses and the bus station 377/75.4% 87/17.4% 25/5.0% 2/0.4% 9/1.8%
213
D. Traffic Safety
1. Satisfaction for urban traffic safety. The number of “ Very satisfied ”
respondents takes up 2.2%, 40.4% of the respondents were “ Somewhat
satisfied ”, 12.6% of them were “ Dissatisfied”, and there’re 2.0% of them
thought “ It’s hard to say ” (see figure D1).
D1 Satisfaction for Urban Traffic Safety
2. About the section where traffic accident frequently happens, 43.3% of
the respondents thought it was “ Crossroad ”, 33.8% of the them thought it was
“ Fork road ”, and 21.2% of them considered it to be “ At the junction of motor
vehicles area and non-motor vehicles area” (Table D2).
D2 Section Where Traffic Accident Frequently Happens
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
What are the sections where
traffic accident frequently
Crossroad 268 43.3% 53.6%
Fork road 209 33.8% 41.8%
214
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
happens? At the junction of motor
vehicles area and non-motor
vehicles area
131 21.2% 26.2%
Others 11 1.8% 2.2%
Total 619 100.0% 123.8%
3. Measures and effective way to improve the traffic safety situation. About
the measures to improve the traffic safety situation, 45.1% of the respondents
thought “ Should build more crossing channels/overpasses ”, 36.2% of them
thought we should “ Design more reasonable crossroad ”, and 16.9% of the
respondents thought “ More special lanes should be designed ” (Table D3).
About the effective way to promote the propaganda of traffic safety, 39.5% of
the respondents thought we should use “ Local radio and television stations,
newspapers and other media ” to promote, 22.0% of the respondents thought
we should “ Set up safety propaganda windows in crowded areas and
something like that ” (Table D4).
D3 Measures to Improve the Traffic Safety Situation
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
What are the Measures to
Improve the Traffic Safety
Situation
Design more special lanes 106 16.9% 21.2%
Design reasonable crossroad 227 36.2% 45.4%
Build more crossing
channels/overpasses 283 45.1% 56.6%
Others 11 1.8% 2.2%
Total 627 100.0% 125.4%
215
D4 Effective Way to Promote the Propaganda of Traffic Safety
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
What are the effective ways
to promote the propaganda
of traffic safety?
Local radio and television
stations, newspapers and
other media
347 39.5% 69.4%
Special organization of the
owners’ committee or the
community
89 10.1% 17.8%
Put up posters in the
community 74 8.4% 14.8%
Distribute safety manuals to
the residents 131 14.9% 26.2%
Set up safety propaganda
windows in crowded areas
and something like that
193 22.0% 38.6%
Establish training base 45 5.1% 9.0%
Total 879 100.0% 175.8%
4. In order to improve of traffic safety, there’re 10 problems need to be
solved. About people’s attitude to the 10 problems, most people were strongly
expecting or somewhat expecting them to be solved. (Table D5)
D5 Problems Need to be Solved to Improve Traffic Safety
Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect Not expect
Does not matter,
I don't know
People’s awareness of
safety is weal. 328/65.6% 128/25.6% 14/2.8% 26/5.2% 4/0.8%
Lack of traffic knowledge 308/61.6% 145/29.0% 16/3.2% 26/5.2% 5/1.0%
Vehicles run with
pedestrians 331/66.2% 115/23.0% 21/4.2% 29/5.8% 4/0.8%
216
Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect Not expect
Does not matter,
I don't know
Vehicles run disorderly
at the crossroad 332/66.4% 108/21.6% 24/4.8% 31/6.2% 5/1.0%
Pedestrians break the
traffic light at random 330/66.0% 109/21.8% 25/5.0% 31/6.2% 5/1.0%
Vehicles don’t run in the
specified lane 320/64.0% 122/24.4% 24/4.8% 30/6.0% 4/0.8%
Vehicles run too fast 320/64.0% 108/21.6% 32/6.4% 32/6.4% 8/1.6%
Peddlers occupied some
road space 293/58.6% 115/23.0% 43/8.6% 36/7.2% 13/2.6%
Traffic administration’s
poor regulation 298/59.6% 127/25.4% 32/6.4% 32/6.4% 11/2.2%
Snow and ice cleaning is
not in time 331/66.2% 107/21.4% 21/4.2% 30/6.0% 11/2.2%
E. Special Populations
1. Characteristics of the special populations’ families in this investigation
(Table F1).
F1 Special Populations
Frequency Percentage (%)
Families enjoying the minimum
living guarantee 2 3.2
Families with disabled persons 2 3.2
Families with old people
(above 60 years old) 58 93.6
The total 62 100.0
2. Families enjoying the minimum living guarantee need the urban
transportation infrastructure to solve these problems (Table F2). Most people
strongly expect or somewhat expect to solve these problems.
F2 Problem Special Populations Need Urban Transportation Infrastructure to
Solve
(Families enjoying theminimum living guarantee)
217
Families enjoying the minimum living guarantee
Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect
Not
expect
Does not matter,
I don't know
The height of the
platform should be the
same as the height of
the vehicle’s floor
1 1 0 0 0
Set cross bars and lifting
loop handle 1 1 0 0 0
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities and
emergency exits should
be set up at the entrance
1 1 0 0 0
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
1 1 0 0 0
Give them subsidies if
the ticket price increased 1 1 0 0 0
Set up more special
seats for the old, the
weak, the sick, the
crippled and the
pregnant
1 1 0 0 0
Give drivers more safety
education to avoid the
urgent start or brake
1 1 0 0 0
Others 1 1 0 0 0
3. Families with disabled persons need the urban transportation
infrastructure to solve these problems (Table F3). Most people strongly expect
or somewhat expect to solve these problems.
F3 Problem Special Populations Need Urban Transportation Infrastructure to
Solve
(Families with Disabled Persons)
Families with Disabled Persons
Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect
Not
expect
Does not matter,
I don't know
218
Families with Disabled Persons
Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect
Not
expect
Does not matter,
I don't know
The height of the
platform should be
the same as the
height of the
vehicle’s floor
1 0 1 0 0
Set cross bars and
lifting loop handle 2 0 0 0 0
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities
and emergency exits
should be set up at
the entrance
2 0 0 0 0
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
0 1 1 0 0
Give them subsidies
if the ticket price
increased
0 1 0 0 1
Set up more special
seats for the old, the
weak, the sick, the
crippled and the
pregnant
1 0 0 0 1
Give drivers more
safety education to
avoid the urgent
start or brake
1 0 0 0 1
Others 0 0 0 0 0
4. Families with old people need the urban transportation infrastructure to
solve these problems (Table F4). Most people strongly expect or somewhat
expect to solve these problems.
F3 Problem Special Populations Need Urban Transportation Infrastructure to
Solve
(Families with Old People)
219
Families with Old People Strongly
expect
Somewhat
expect A bit expect
Not
expect
Does not matter,
I don't know
The height of the
platform should be the
same as the height of
the vehicle’s floor
39 12 2 1 4
Set cross bars and lifting
loop handle 40 12 3 1 2
The blind tracks,
barrier-free facilities and
emergency exits should
be set up at the entrance
38 12 3 1 4
The cars and the
stations should have
specific signs
41 9 4 1 2
Give them subsidies if
the ticket price increased 34 16 2 1 5
Set up more special
seats for the old, the
weak, the sick, the
crippled and the
pregnant
42 13 1 1 1
Give drivers more safety
education to avoid the
urgent start or brake
46 11 1 0 0
Others 16 6 0 0 9
F. Basic Information of the Respondents in the Investigation
1. Age structure. The number of people under 20 years old takes up
11.6%, the number of people between 21 to 60 years old takes up 77.2% and
the number of people above 60 years old takes up 11.2% (see E1.1).
E1.1 Age
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
11-20 58 11.6 11.6
220
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
21-30 178 35.6 47.2
31-40 96 19.2 66.4
41-50 77 15.4 81.8
51-60 35 7.0 88.8
61-70 34 6.8 95.6
Above 70 22 4.4 100.0
Total 500 100.0
2. The family size of the respondents. 2.6% of the respondents have
1-person family, 14.2% of the respondents have 2-person family, 54.0% of the
respondents have 3-person family, 19.2% of the respondents have 4-person
family, 7.0% of the respondents have 5-person family, and 3.0% of the
respondents have a family with more than 6 persons. (Table E1.2)
E1.2 Family Size of the Respondents
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
1 13 2.6 2.6
2 71 14.2 16.8
3 270 54.0 70.8
4 96 19.2 90.0
5 35 7.0 97.0
6 10 2.0 99.0
7 1 0.2 99.2
9 1 0.2 99.4
10 1 0.2 99.6
221
Frequency Percentage(%)
Cumulative Percentage(%)
Above 10 2 0.4 100.0
Total 500 100.0
3. Gender structure of the respondents. Among the respondents, Among
the respondents, 45.8% of the them are male, 54.2% of the them are female.
(Table E2) The female is a little more than the male.
E2 Gender Structure
4. The level of education of the respondents. 52.2% of the respondents
have college or above education, 30.4% of the respondents have high school
or technical school education, 13.6% of the respondents have junior high
school education, 3.0% of the respondents have just a primary school
education and 0.8% of the respondents are illiterate. (Table E3)
222
E3 Level of Education
60.00%
5. The Nationalities of the respondents. Among the respondents, the Han
Nationality accounts for 91.8%, minorities accounted for 8.2%. (Table E4)
E4 Nationalities
6. Career structure of the respondents.
E5 Career Structure
Frequency Percentage
223
Frequency Percentage
State organs and
institutions staff 55 11.0
Enterprise staff 111 22.2
Farmers 7 1.4
Self-employed persons 95 19.0
Freelancers 62 12.4
The unemployed 13 2.6
Students 75 15.0
The retired 54 10.8
Others 28 5.6
Total 500 100.0
7. The monthly income of the respondents’ family. Most of the families’
monthly income is below 10000 yuan, which take up 73.4% in all, and they are
also the main part of the people who used to go out by bus.
E6 Family’s Monthly Income
Frequently Percentage Cumulative percentage
Below 10000 yuan 367 73.4 73.4
10001-40000 yuan 30 6.0 79.4
40001-60000 yuan 67 13.4 92.8
60001-100000 yuan 23 4.6 97.4
Above 100,000 yuan 13 2.6 100.0
Total 500 100.0
8. The respondents who hold the driving licenses and have private cars.
224
Among the respondents, 34.0% of them hold the driving licenses, and 66.0%
of them do not (Figure E7); 26.6% of them have private cars, and 73.4% of
them do not (Figure E8); there’re 73.8% of the respondents don’t drive, who
are the main part of the people who used to take a bus.(Figure E10)
E7 Licenses
E8 Whether the Respondents Have a Private Car
E10 Whether the Respondents Usually Drive a Car
225
Investigation Report to the Taxi Drivers in Harbin
1. Problems of Road and Traffic
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Problems of Road and
Traffic
Snow and ice cleaning is not
in time 11 2.4% 36.7%
Traffic jams in rush hour 30 6.6% 100.0%
Some roads are too narrow,
and need to be improved or
expanded
13 2.9% 43.3%
226
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
The crossing channels such
as overpasses and
underground passages are
not enough
30 6.6% 100.0%
Lack of traffic signs and
markings 22 4.9% 73.3%
Pedestrians, buses ad cars
grab road with each 30 6.6% 100.0%
Vehicles run haphazard at
the intersection 12 2.7% 40.0%
Parking facilities are
inadequate, public parking
lots are insufficient
29 6.4% 96.7%
Illegal parking along roadside
is serious 27 6.0% 90.0%
Vehicles run too fast 15 3.3% 50.0%
Vehicles haphazard change
lanes, start or turn 28 6.2% 93.3%
Vehicles don’t obey the
instructions of traffic lights 11 2.4% 36.7%
Bicycles, electric cars and
motorcycles randomly run
through
25 5.5% 83.3%
Pedestrians break the traffic
light at random 30 6.6% 100.0%
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 26 5.8% 86.7%
There’s lack of safety island
in broader section 3 0.7% 10.0%
Peddlers occupied some
road space 28 6.2% 93.3%
Traffic administration’s poor
regulation 26 5.8% 86.7%
People’s awareness of safety
is weal. 26 5.8% 86.7%
227
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Lack of traffic knowledge 28 6.2% 93.3%
Are there others? 2 0.4% 6.7%
Total 452 100.0% 1506.7%
2. What are the measures to improve the traffic situation?
2.1
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 1 3.3
Necessary 10 33.3
Somewhat
necessary 18 60.0
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.2
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 4 13.3
Necessary 2 6.7
Somewhat
necessary 23 76.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.3
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 20 66.7
228
Frequency Percentage (%)
Necessary 5 16.7
Somewhat
necessary 4 13.3
It does’t matter,
I don’t know. 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.4
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 20 66.7
Necessary 5 16.7
Somewhat
necessary 4 13.3
It doesn’t matter,
I don’t know. 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.5
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 10 33.3
Necessary 7 23.3
Somewhat
necessary 12 40.0
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.6
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 24 80.0
Necessary 2 6.7
229
Frequency Percentage (%)
Somewhat
necessary 3 10.0
It doesn’t matter,
I don’t know. 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.7
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 22 73.3
Necessary 5 16.7
Somewhat
necessary 2 6.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.8
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 16 53.3
Necessary 10 33.3
Somewhat
necessary 2 6.7
Unnecessary 1 3.3
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.9
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 21 70.0
Necessary 3 10.0
230
Frequency Percentage (%)
Somewhat
necessary 5 16.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.10
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 11 36.7
Necessary 5 16.7
Somewhat
necessary 5 16.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 9 30.0
Total 30 100.0
2.11
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 24 80.0
Necessary 3 10.0
Somewhat
necessary 1 3.3
Unnecessary 1 3.3
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.12
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 27 90.0
Somewhat
necessary 1 3.3
231
Frequency Percentage (%)
Does not matter, I
don't know 2 6.7
Total 30 100.0
2.13
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 27 90.0
Does not matter, I
don't know 3 10.0
Total 30 100.0
2.14
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 18 60.0
Necessary 8 26.7
Somewhat
necessary 3 10.0
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.15
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 22 73.3
Necessary 5 16.7
Somewhat
necessary 2 6.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
232
2.16
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 15 50.0
Necessary 9 30.0
Somewhat
necessary 5 16.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.17
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 14 46.7
Necessary 11 36.7
Somewhat
necessary 4 13.3
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.18
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 9 30.0
Necessary 9 30.0
Somewhat
necessary 11 36.7
Does not matter, I
don't know 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
2.19
Frequency Percentage (%)
233
Frequency Percentage (%)
Very necessary 11 36.7
Necessary 6 20.0
Somewhat
necessary 10 33.3
Does not matter, I
don't know 3 10.0
Total 30 100.0
3. Will it make any Impact on Taxis to Set Specified Bus Lane?
Frequency Percentage (%)
Make taxi driving more
difficult 16 53.3
Nearly no impact 7 23.3
Make taxi driving more
smoothly 7 23.3
Total 30 100.0
4. Will it make any impact on taxi passengers way to travel, when the situation
of public transportation have been improved?
Frequency Percentage (%)
Almost the same
as before 19 63.3
More passengers 11 36.7
Total 30 100.0
234
5. Will it make any impact on taxi passengers way to travel, when the situation
of public transportation have been improved?
Frequency Percentage (%)
Less passengers, and the
revenue will decrease 1 3.3
Almost the same income as
before 18 60.0
Running effectively increases,
and the revenue will increase 11 36.7
Total 30 100.0
Investigation Report of the Traffic Police
A. Basic Information of the Traffic Police Investigation
1. Current situation of the public transportation in Harbin. 80% of the
respondents thought it was “Very good ”, and 20% of the respondents thought
it was “ Almost good ”. (Figure J1)
J1 What Do You Think of the Status of Public Transport in Harbin?
100.00%
2. The main problems of the public transport in Harbin. 20.1% of the traffic
235
police thought it was “Snow and ice cleaning is not in time”, 16.8% of the traffic
police thought it was “Pedestrians, buses and cars grab road with each other”,
12.8% of the traffic police thought it was “ Traffic jams in rush hour ”, and
12.1% of the traffic police thought it was “ Vehicles haphazard change lanes,
start or turn ”.(Table J12)
J2 What Do You Think are the Main Problems of the Public Transport in
Harbin?
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
The main problems of
the public transport
Snow and ice cleaning is not
in time 30 20.1% 100.0%
Traffic jams in rush hour 19 12.8% 63.3%
Pedestrians, buses ad cars
grab road with each 25 16.8% 83.3%
Vehicles run haphazard at
the intersection 3 2.0% 10.0%
Illegal parking always
happens 13 8.7% 43.3%
Vehicles run too fast 5 3.4% 16.7%
Vehicles haphazard change
lanes, start or turn 18 12.1% 60.0%
Vehicles do not obey the
instructions of traffic lights 9 6.0% 30.0%
Bicycles, electric cars and
motorcycles randomly run
through 16 10.7% 53.3%
Pedestrians break the traffic
light at random 5 3.4% 16.7%
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 0.7% 3.3%
Traffic Incidents happen
frequently 5 3.4% 16.7%
Total 149 100.0% 496.7%
3. Main reasons for the public transport problems. 16.0% of the traffic
236
police thought it was “ Lack of snowplow ”, 13.9% of the traffic police thought it
was “ Lack of traffic signs ”, the traffic police who thought it was “ Roads are
inadequate ” and those who thought it was “ Bus routes are unreasonable ”
take up 11.1% in all.
J3 What do you Think are the Main Reasons for he Public Transport
Problems?
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Main reasons for the public
transport problems
Lack of snowplow 23 16.0% 76.7%
Roads are inadequate 16 11.1% 53.3%
Vehicles for public transport
is inadequate 8 5.6% 26.7%
Bus routes are unreasonable 16 11.1% 53.3%
Crossing channels such as
overpasses and underground
passages are inadequate
14 9.7% 46.7%
Channels to bus stop
platform are not good enough 6 4.2% 20.0%
Traffic propaganda is not
enough, people is short of
traffic knowledge, and the
awareness of traffic safety is
weal
13 9.0% 43.3%
Management is poor 8 5.6% 26.7%
Lack of traffic signs 20 13.9% 66.7%
Parking facilities are
inadequate, public parking
lots are insufficient
11 7.6% 36.7%
Road scheduling system is
backward, road diversion
capacity is weak
3 2.1% 10.0%
Peddlers occupied some
road space 6 4.2% 20.0%
Total 144 100.0% 480.0%
237
4. Sections where road accidents happen frequently. 46.7% of the traffic
police thought the accidents often happen “ At the fork road ”, 26.7% of the
traffic police thought the accidents often happen “ At the crossroad ”, 26.7% of
the traffic police thought the accidents often happen “ At the junction of motor
vehicle area and non-motor vehicle area ”.
J4 Where Do You Think is the Sections Where Accidents Happen
Frequently?
Answers Questionnaire
Percentage Frequency Percentage
Sections where
road accidents
happen frequently
At the crossroad 8 26.7% 26.7%
At the fork road 14 46.7% 46.7%
At the junction of motor
vehicle area and
non-motor vehicle area 8 26.7% 26.7%
Total 30 100.0% 100.0%
5. Necessity of improving the traffic status.
J5 Do You Think the Measures as Follows are Necessary to Improve the
Traffic Status?
J5.1 Set more specified bus lanes.
J5.2 Set more specified non-motor lanes.
238
J5.3 Set pedestrians’ crossing channels.
J5.4 Set safety islands at the broader sections
J5.5 Forbid peddlers selling goods on the road
239
70.00%
J5.6 Set the countdown traffic lights.
J5.7 Broaden the road or add more road in the narrow sections.
0%
J5.8 Increase motor vehicles’ parking spaces.
240
J5.9 Limit the number of private cars on the road.
J5.10 Set up road signs and other traffic signs.
J5.11 Set more overpasses and underground passages.
241
J5.12 Install buses and taxis with vehicle navigation device, in order to
broadcast real-time status.
J5.13 Quick snow plowing facilities and vehicle
J5.14 Deicing facilities and vehicles
242
J5.15 Efficiency of traffic police to get out of the police station.
J5.16 Enhanced enforcement of traffic rules and regulations
70.00%
J5.17 Enhance punishment for the acts of violates traffic laws and regulations.
243
J5.18 Establish traffic safety education base
6. Population who need safety education. 31.1% of the traffic police
thought they were “ Bus drivers ”, 30.0% of the traffic police thought they were
“ Private car drivers ”, and 27.8%of the traffic police thought they were “ Taxi
drivers ”.
J6 Population Who Need Safety Education
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Population Who Need Traffic
Safety Education
Private car drivers 27 30.0% 90.0%
Bus drivers 28 31.1% 93.3%
Taxi drivers 25 27.8% 83.3%
Motor bicycle or motor
car drivers 7 7.8% 23.3%
244
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Bicycle riders 1 1.1% 3.3%
Migrant workers 1 1.1% 3.3%
Migrant population 1 1.1% 3.3%
Total 90 100.0% 300.0%
7. Effective way to publicize traffic safety. 31.1% of the traffic police
thought we should take advantage of “ Local radio and television stations,
newspapers and other media ”, 27.8% of the traffic police thought it should be
“Special organization of the owners’ committee or the community ”, 15.6% of
the traffic police thought we should “ Put up posters in the community ”, and
14.4% of the traffic police thought we should “ Set up safety propaganda
windows in crowded areas and something like that ”.
J7 Effective Way to Publicize Traffic Safety
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Effective way to
publicize traffic
safety
Local radio and television stations,
newspapers and other media 28 31.1% 93.3%
Special organization of the owners’
committee or the community 25 27.8% 83.3%
Put up posters in the community 14 15.6% 46.7%
Distribute safety manuals to the
residents 1 1.1% 3.3%
Set up safety propaganda windows
in crowded areas and something
like that 13 14.4% 43.3%
Establish training base 9 10.0% 30.0%
Total 90 100.0% 300.0%
8. Is the traffic signal system in Harbin good enough? 92.0% of the traffic
police thought it was not.
J8 Is the Traffic Signal System in Harbin Good Enough?
245
Frequency Percentage (%)
Good enough 30 100.0
9. Is it necessary to improve the public transport in Harbin? 100.0% of the
traffic police thought it was “ Very necessary ”.
J9 Is it necessary to improve the public transport in Harbin?
120.00%
10. Measures helpful to improve public transport in Harbin. 20.0% of the
traffic police thought it should be “ Add more bus stops ”, 17.6% of the traffic
police thought it should be “ Enhance the connection of transferring bus lines ”,
17.6% of the traffic police thought it should be “ Improve the facilities in waiting
area of bus stations ”, and 11.2% of the traffic police thought it should be “ Add
more bus routes ”.
J10 Measures helpful to improve public transport in Harbin
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Measures helpful to
improve public transport
Add more bus stops 25 20.0% 83.3%
Add more bus routes 14 11.2% 46.7%
Enhance the connection of
transferring bus lines 22 17.6% 73.3%
Add more public service
vehicles 7 5.6% 23.3%
Improve bus punctuality 11 8.8% 36.7%
246
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Improve the facilities in
waiting area of bus stations 22 17.6% 73.3%
Add more bus switch
channels 3 2.4% 10.0%
Maintain and clean the bus
better 12 9.6% 40.0%
Improve the connection
between bus and other
transportation 9 7.2% 30.0%
Total 125 100.0% 416.7%
Investigation Report of the Bus Drivers in Harbin
G1: What do you think are the main problems in the process of driving?
Please sort them.
Frequency Percentage (%)
First
Icy road surface in winter 13 61.9
Intelligence degree of the
current bus stops is not good
enough,and can hardly meet
the demand of passengers’
inquiry, which increase the
drivers’ workload, and finally
decrease the efficiency of
bus service
7 33.3
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signs
near the stops
1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Second
Lack of specific bus lanes 1 4.8
Vehicles run haphazard at
the fork road 3 14.3
247
Frequency Percentage (%)
Lack of bus stations or the
platform is too small 3 14.3
Other social cars run too fast 5 23.8
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start or turn 1 4.8
Park haphazard at the
roadside 1 4.8
Bicycles, electric cars and
motorcycles haphazard run
through 1 4.8
Difficult for the disable to
inquiry information, get
on/off, which affect buses’
running
6 28.6
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Third
Intelligence degree of the
current bus stops is not good
enough,and can hardly meet
the demand of passengers’
inquiry, which increase the
drivers’ workload, and finally
decrease the efficiency of
bus service
7 33.3
Roads or some parts of them
are too narrow 3 14.3
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 2 9.5
Difficult for buses to stop at
the bus station site 6 28.6
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start or turn 1 4.8
Pedestrians cross randomly 1 4.8
Peddlers occupy road space 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
248
Frequency Percentage (%)
Fourth
Icy road surface in winter 8 38.1
Intelligence degree of the
current bus stops is not good
enough,and can hardly meet
the demand of passengers’
inquiry, which increase the
drivers’ workload, and finally
decrease the efficiency of
bus service
5 23.8
Roads or some parts of them
are too narrow 6 28.6
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 1 4.8
Lack of traffic signs 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Fifth
Roads or some parts of them
are too narrow 2 9.5
Lack of specific bus lanes 5 23.8
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 1 4.8
Vehicles run haphazard at
the fork road 2 9.5
Lack of warm facilities at bus 6 28.6
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
1 4.8
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start or turn 3 14.3
Park haphazard at the
roadside 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
249
Frequency Percentage (%)
Sixth
Roads or some parts of them
are too narrow 7 33.3
Lack of specific bus lanes 2 9.5
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 5 23.8
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
1 4.8
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Park haphazard at the
roadside 1 4.8
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 2 9.5
Pedestrians run red lights 2 9.5
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Seventh
Intelligence degree of the
current bus stops is not good
enough,and can hardly meet
the demand of passengers’
inquiry, which increase the
drivers’ workload, and finally
decrease the efficiency of
bus service
2 9.5
Lack of specific bus lanes 6 28.6
250
Frequency Percentage (%)
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 1 4.8
Lack of traffic signs 6 28.6
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signals
near the bus station
3 14.3
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Park haphazard at roadside 1 4.8
Pedestrians run red lights 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Eighth
Roads or some parts of them
are too narrow 1 4.8
Lack of specific bus lanes 1 4.8
Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 5 23.8
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 2 9.5
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station site 1 4.8
Pedestrians run red lights 5 23.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
1 4.8
Bicycles, motor bicycles, and
motor cars run through the
car stream randomly
4 19.0
Others 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Ninth Lack of traffic signs 1 4.8
251
Frequency Percentage (%)
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 6 28.6
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station site 3 14.3
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
1 4.8
Other social cars run too fast 7 33.3
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 4.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
2 9.5
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Tenth
Lack of specific bus lanes 1 4.8
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 5 23.8
Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 1 4.8
Lack of bus stations or
stations are too small 5 23.8
Lack of warm facilities at bus 2 9.5
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 2 9.5
Pedestrians run red lights 1 4.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
1 4.8
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 3 14.3
Total 21 100.0
252
Frequency Valid Percent
Eleventh
Roads or some parts of them
are too narrow 2 9.5
Lack of specific bus lanes 2 9.5
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 2 9.5
Lack of traffic signs 1 4.8
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 1 4.8
Lack of bus stations or
stations are too small 1 4.8
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signals
near the bus station
5 23.8
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
5 23.8
Bicycles, motor bicycles, and
motor bicycles run through
car streams randomly
2 9.5
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Valid Percent
Twelfth
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 1 4.8
Lack of bus stations or
stations are too small 2 9.5
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signals
near the bus station
1 4.8
Lack of warm facilities at bus 5 23.8
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start and turn 1 4.8
253
Frequency Valid Percent
Pedestrians run red lights 1 4.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
7 33.3
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 2 9.5
Bicycles, motor bicycles, and
motor bicycles run through
car streams randomly
1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Valid Percent
Thirteenth
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 1 4.8
Lack of traffic signs 1 4.8
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signals
near the bus station
2 9.5
Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
5 23.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
2 9.5
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 8 38.1
Others 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Fourteenth Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 1 4.8
254
Frequency Percentage (%)
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
2 9.5
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start and turn 5 23.8
Park haphazard at roadside 7 33.3
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 4.8
Pedestrians run red lights 3 14.3
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
1 4.8
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 1 4.8
Tota 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Fifteenth
Lack of specific bus lanes 2 9.5
Lack of traffic signs 4 19.0
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 1 4.8
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signals
near the bus station
5 23.8
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station sites 2 9.5
Park haphazard at roadside 5 23.8
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 4.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
255
Frequency Percentage (%)
Sixteenth
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 4 19.0
Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 7 33.3
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 1 4.8
Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 5 23.8
Pedestrians run red lights 1 4.8
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Seventeenth
Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 1 4.8
Lack of bus stations or
stations are too small 3 14.3
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station sites 1 4.8
Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
2 9.5
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 5 23.8
Pedestrians run red lights 6 28.6
Peddlers occupy road space 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
256
Frequency Percentage (%)
Eighteenth
Lack of traffic signs 5 23.8
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 1 4.8
Lack of safety security
facilities and warning signals
near the bus station
3 14.3
Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
2 9.5
Other social cars run too fast 2 9.5
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start and turn 1 4.8
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
5 23.8
Difficult for the disabled to
inquiry information or get
on/off, which effect the
efficiency of buses’ running
1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Nineteenth
Lack of bus stations or
stations are too small 6 28.6
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station sites 2 9.5
Facilities in the bus
parking-maintaining field is
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
1 4.8
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Other social cars haphazard
change lanes, start and turn 3 14.3
Park haphazard at roadside 1 4.8
257
Frequency Percentage (%)
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lane instead of
the pavement
1 4.8
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 5 23.8
Bicycles, motorcycles, and
motor cars run through car
streams haphazard
1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Twentieth
Lack of specific bus lanes 1 4.8
Lack of traffic signs 2 9.5
Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 1 4.8
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 7 33.3
Lack of station or stations are
too small 1 4.8
Difficult for bus to stop at the
station sites 5 23.8
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Other social cars change
lane, start and turn
haphazard
1 4.8
Park haphazard at roadside 1 4.8
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Twenty-first
Lack of safety security or
warning signs near the
platform of the station
1 4.8
258
Frequency Percentage (%)
Lack of warm facilities at bus 2 9.5
Other social cars run too fast 1 4.8
Other social cars change
lane, start and turn
haphazard
5 23.8
Park haphazard at roadside 3 14.3
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 4.8
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 1 4.8
Bicycles, motorcycles, and
motor cars run through car
streams haphazard
6 28.6
Peddlers occupy road space 1 4.8
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Twenty-second
Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8
Facilities in the buses’
parking-maintaining field are
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
1 4.8
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 1 4.8
Bicycles, motorcycles, and
motor cars run through car
streams haphazard
1 4.8
Peddlers occupy road space 17 81.0
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Twenty-third Lack of warm facilities at bus 1 4.8
Pedestrians run red light 1 4.8
259
Frequency Percentage (%)
Bicycles, motorcycles, and
motor cars run through car
streams haphazard
5 23.8
Peddlers occupy road space 1 4.8
Difficult for the disabled to
inquiry information or get
on/off, which effect the
efficiency of buses’ running
13 61.9
Total 21 100.0
Frequency Percentage (%)
Twenty-
fourth
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station sites 1 4.8
Difficult for the disabled to
inquiry information or get
on/off, which effect the
efficiency of buses’ running
1 4.8
Others 19 90.5
Total 21 100.0
G2 Possible Reasons for Traffic Accidents in Harbin
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Reasons for traffic
accidents
Snow and ice cleaning is not
in time 15 6.3% 71.4%
Traffic jams in rush hour 10 4.2% 47.6%
Roads or some part of the
roads are too narrow 16 6.8% 76.2%
Lack of specific bus lanes 21 8.9% 100.0%
Traffic signal system is not
good enough 8 3.4% 38.1%
260
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Lack of traffic signs 2 0.8% 9.5%
Vehicles run haphazard at
fork road 9 3.8% 42.9%
Buses and their facilities are
outdated 12 5.1% 57.1%
Lack of bus stations or
stations are too small 11 4.6% 52.4%
Lack of safety security or
warning signs around the
stations
15 6.3% 71.4%
Difficult for buses to stop at
the station sites 14 5.9% 66.7%
Lack of warm facilities at
station in winter 1 0.4% 4.8%
Facilities in the buses’
parking-maintaining field are
outdated, and the service
capacity is insufficient
5 2.1% 23.8%
Drivers drive too fast 7 3.0% 33.3%
Drivers haphazard change
lanes, start and turn 10 4.2% 47.6%
Park haphazard at roadside 15 6.3% 71.4%
Pedestrians cross street
randomly 16 6.8% 76.2%
Pedestrians run red lights 21 8.9% 100.0%
Pedestrians walk on the
motor-vehicle lanes instead
of pavements
5 2.1% 23.8%
Passengers rush on the bus
before it stop wholly 7 3.0% 33.3%
Bicycles, motorcycle, or
motor cars run through car
streams randomly
10 4.2% 47.6%
Peddlers occupy road space 7 3.0% 33.3%
Total 237 100.0% 1128.6%
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G3 Useful Ways to Reduce Public Traffic Accidents in Harbin
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
Useful ways to reduce public
traffic accidents in Harbin
Add more snowplows 5 3.2% 23.8%
Construct more roads or
expand them 16 10.2% 76.2%
Add more specific bus lanes 21 13.4% 100.0%
Change the way that traffic
lights system works 10 6.4% 47.6%
Add more pavements and
non-motor vehicle lanes 5 3.2% 23.8%
Add more overpasses and
underpasses in heavy traffic
areas
18 11.5% 85.7%
Construct bay-shaped bus
station 16 10.2% 76.2%
Set safety security facilities
and warning signs near bus
stations
16 10.2% 76.2%
Replace the old buses with
the energy-security,
environmental-protection
buses
10 6.4% 47.6%
Enhance the safety training
and education for bus
drivers, cars drivers and
pedestrians
20 12.7% 95.2%
Add more vehicle parking lots 5 3.2% 23.8%
Enhanced enforcement of
traffic rules and regulations 14 8.9% 66.7%
Others 1 0.6% 4.8%
Total 157 100.0% 747.6%
G4 In Bus Drivers’ Opinion, What Changes About Buses do Passengers
Expect?
262
Answers Questionnaire
percentage Frequency Percentage
In Bus Drivers’ Opinion, What
Changes About Buses do
Passengers Expect?
Add more bus stops 11 8.3% 52.4%
Add more bus routes 16 12.0% 76.2%
Connection of the time when
transferring 6 4.5% 28.6%
Add more bus service 19 14.3% 90.5%
Improve punctuality of bus 21 15.8% 100.0%
Improve the facilities for
waiting at station (such as
warm facilities) 8 6.0% 38.1%
Get the information about
timetable of buses before
getting on 5 3.8% 23.8%
Add more specific bus lanes 16 12.0% 76.2%
Maintain and clean buses
better 5 3.8% 23.8%
Improve the connection
between buses and other
transportation 6 4.5% 28.6%
Increase buses in rush hour
to reduce the congestion on
bus 20 15.0% 95.2%
Total 133 100.0% 633.3%
263
Annex 7 First public participation meeting minutes
A, Time: March 19, 2013 2:00 pm B, Place: Harbin Urban Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd. No. 311 Jian’guo Road, Conference Room 811 C, The participating units and personnel: Li Xinhua, director of the Harbin Municipal Development and Reform Commission, HMDRC Foreign Office in Harbin, Harbin Urban Construction Investment Group Co. pre Department, Public Security Traffic Management Bureau of Harbin City, Transportation Bureau of Harbin City, Urban Management Bureau of Harbin City, Planning Bureau of Harbin City, Harbin International Engineering consulting Center, Hohai University, Heilongjiang Protection Research Institute and Heilongjiang provincial Environmental Science and design Institute. D, The meeting content: (a), Director of Harbin City Development and Reform Commission Li Xinhua introduced the feasibility study materials needed, required government departments to actively cooperate, and form the preliminary results in end of March, and that by the end of March 2013, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission will hear include design units and other departments report the results, based on this, every reporting units should submit the project feasibility study report, Social Assessment Report and EIA report before the end of March.; (b), the specific work arrangements and time node: 1 City investment company: I hope Harbin City investment company can complete the preparation of project proposals as soon as possible , have been implemented project planning and land approval and other formalities; promptly organize feasibility study, environmental assessment report, social assessment report and energy assessment report preparation; recommended UDIC to offer specialized office space, centralized office. 2, Department of Transportation: Request Harbin City Department of Transportation to determine first and last stop hub as soon as possible; determine hub on the sources of funding for real estate development; conduct bus station design; determine the functions of command and what is required; submit the public transport draft plan and integrated transport original planning. 3, Transport Authority: Request Transport Authority to submit the material for the demand of intelligent dispatching system as soon as possible, to facilitate the preparation of the feasibility report. 4, Urban Management Bureau, Planning Bureau and other departments: Require the Management Bureau and the Planning Bureau to complete the collection and submission of "Harbin City Comprehensive Transportation Planning" and "public transportation plan" and other planning materials as soon as possible. At the end of the meeting, NDRC Minister Li summarized the number and location of the site settings, command system hardware configuration, the connection of subway stations and bus stops as well as the revise of feasibility study outlines and other work. 5, the time node of above work is as follows: Node One: The above materials must be
264
collected in March 22. Node Two: The draft report of feasibility study of HarbinsSmart transportation system must be completed before March 30th; both the EIA and social assessment draft report should be submitted as an attachment to Harbin City investment company.
265
Annex 8 Second public participation meeting
A, Time: March 20, 2013 9:00 am B, Place: Harbin City Investment Company Room 811 C, the participating units and personnel: Li Xinhua, director of the Harbin Municipal Development and Reform Commission, HMDRC Foreign Office in Harbin, Harbin Urban Construction Investment Group Co. pre Department, Bureau on behalf of various commissions (Ethnic and Religious Affairs,Federation, Civil Affairs, Disabled Persons' Federation, Committee on Aging, tourism Bureau, Land resources Bureau, Finance Bureau, Price Bureau, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Traffic Management Bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Department of Education), Hohai University social assessment team. D, the main elements: (a), Harbin City Development and Reform Commission Director Li Xinhua introduced the participants, to briefly explained the smart transportation projects, required various commissions Bureau cooperate actively; (b), Teacher Dong Ming from Hohai University introduced this social assessment work, the importance of social assessment, and the content of social assessment; (c), Teacher Dong Ming from Hohai University introduced Harbin smart transportation system construction project briefly; (d), Teacher Dong Ming from Hohai University explained various commissions Bureau data requirements, required all departments to provide information on paper or electronic version. Ask Municipal Women's Federation, Municipal Committee on Aging, Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, City CDPF, City Board of Education to prepare seminar, and described to contact various commissions bureau on 20th pm to identify the time and location of seminar.
266
Annex 9 Interview Location: Harbin City Hongqiao Junior High School
Interview Time: 13:00 on March 22 2013 Interviewee: Wang Xin Director Interview: Q1: Please briefly explain the number of students in Harbin Hongqiao junior high school and where these students come from. A: Our school has more than 3,700 students, students mainly from Hongqiao first primary school, Hongqiao second primary school, and Minjiang primary school. Now primary and secondary schools in Harbin implement Area management, the majority of the students go to the nearest school. Our students mainly from red flag Demonstration Area, sunny green homes, Park Regency, Taihai garden Xinheng New Town, Mengke horizon, Exhibition homes, Yueshan International, Golden Rhine, Long Kun homes, Taishan Community and Minjiang Community, of which 70% to 80% of students from the former five communities. Q2: At what time can students go back home? How students go back home after school? A: Classes begin at 7:30 o’clock, and finish at 16:30 o’clock; 11:40 to 12:50 is midday rest. In addition, the graduating students in our go back home relatively late, other graders are usually able to leave school before 16:45 o’clock. Our students’ families are closer, walk home after school usually the main way, about 60% students go back on foot, in addition, about 20% of the students go home by private car, and their parents go to take them every day. 10% students choose to take "sons car" go home, the other 10% of the students, mainly by bus, cycling or take a taxi to go home. Now students take the bus can enjoy half the price. Q3: How is the status of traffic near the school? Whether the accident occurred near school? A: Our school is divided into the Yellow River School Department and the Xinheng School Department, two school departments about 1 km apart. Yellow River school, which is located along the Yellow River Road, No. 117, under normal circumstances there is less traffic, but when there are activities, which organized in the sports stadium nearby the road traffic volume, will increase dramatically. Traffic on the Red flag street and Nanzhi street which located near the school is crowded, when class is over, police officer usually come to help maintain the traffic order; Xinheng School department is close to Xinheng Newtown, there is a flyover 150m away from the school gate, the traffic there is less too, and traffic police also come to help maintain traffic order after school. In addition, the average rate of traffic accident is about one per two or three years. Q4: For Harbin smart transportation system improvement project design, from the perspective of schools and students, do you have any suggestions? A: I think this project is very good, and we all welcome and support it. When construction the project, we hope: First, you can set the traffic light which has “special button" near the school gate, especially the Yellow River school Department, in order to protect our students to cross the Yellow River Road and other roads; Second, now there are 209
267
Road, 201 Road, 53 Road, 116 Road four bus lines near school, I suggest that these lines can be more reasonable so that teachers and students can take bus more conveniently; Finally, when construct the road, I hope the noise can be controlled in the normal range, and because summer is very hot and window must be open, in order to avoid noise pollution during the school teaching, I suggest the construction can be done during spring and autumn.
268
Annex 10 Interview Location: Harbin Hongqiao first primary School
Interview Time: 14:00 on March 22, 2013 Interviewee: Wu Changqing principal Interview: Q1: Please provide the number of students, students’ travel characteristics and other conditions on the basic situation of the school to be a simple introduction. A: There are 2442 pupils in our school. According to the City Board of Education, school children must go to the nearest school, so our students mainly from the New Year demonstration community and Red flag community. It should be noted that, our school completed in 1997, and school site located entirely within the Red flag community, coupled with the district placed a lot of squatters, so our school has a large number of students, but also because communities are close to the school, community residents often assistant and intervene students management. Q2: For students’ travel safety, do you have any traffic demand for Harbin smart transportation system? A: Our demand concentrate in three channels and two traffic lights near our school, and also our need for these two public transport facilities is urgent. However, since our students are young, and they usually walk home or by private car transfer, so the transport needs of our students is relatively small, for buses, bus priority channel the demand degree is relatively weak.
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Annex 11 Interview Location: Harbin Huaxing Primary School
Interview Time: 16:00 on March 22, 2013 Interviewee: Principal Zhang Interview: Q1: What is your school time? A: Our school’s morning class time is 7:30 o’clock, class is over at 16:10 o’clock, lunchtime is 11:45-12:55 noon, this time about 33% of the students choose to go home to have lunch. After school traffic police help to maintain school traffic order. Q2: Huaxing Primary School’s school district covers which communities? A: According to the District Education’s Area division, our school district consists principally of Iron tile community, ABC community, Chunming community and Educate community, they both near Huaxing community. Q3: How many students are there in Huaxing Primary School? Do you have school bus? A: Our school has more than 600 students, most students' families are near the school, students usually go home on foot, so school do not have school bus. The number of students who need to take transportation is about 100 people, they mainly take bus, ”sons car” and private car. Q4: Which bus stations are near the school? For priority corridor upgrades on Railway Street, do you have any suggestions and requirements? A: There is railway Street bus station 200m away from our school gate; Gongda bus station is also near here. Our school is now located in the old Railway Street, the street is now a secondary street for railway street, traffic is not large, but there always many large long-distance buses park in the long distance bus station, which is near our school gate , hindering the students' travel. Therefore, the new smart transportation system project construction and operation should strengthen the traffic management around school, to create a good traffic environment.
Annex 12 Committee on Aging Symposium
A, Time: 9:30 am March 22, 2013 B, Place: Harbin Committee on Aging Conference Room, 3rd Floor C, The participants: Harbin Committee on Aging defenders office Director Shen, Director Zong and 13 old people. D, The old people’s questions and suggestions (a) Problems for bus station 1, The bus stations are too concentrated, it is easy to cause travel chaos, it is recommended to consider the site location setting problem, widening the distance
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between stations; 2, Some of the bus station has no rainproof facility, no stool, causing inconvenience to the waiting people, I hope the new station can be more suitable, you can add some handrails in the station, to facilitate the elderly to get off the ground, simultaneously propose to set some anti-skid material around the station; 3, Some ground of the station is not smooth, so people propose to strengthen the maintenance, keep the ground facilitate passengers to get on and off; 4, Some bus stations set unreasonable, two sides of the street signs are not correspond, even a one station difference, such as 16, 72, 55 Road, it is recommended to set a reasonable stop sign, to facilitate commuters to find; 5, Advice to use new materials to ensure temperature of the station at about zero degrees; 6, The level of the ground of station should be same as the bus, so that it can be convenient for the elderly and disabled to get on the bus; 7, Buses of each line park at the station should have a certain distance to each other to prevent the station is occupied and crowed; 8, Set fence at the station, which can keep passengers get on or off the bus orderly, and also can let the elderly get on or off the bus easily; 9,To design the bus station as semi-closed, so that it can prevent the waiting passengers from cold; 10, Set camera at the station, convenient dispatcher to understand the situation, and help dispatcher to manage bus drivers; 11, The train station need a lot of buses, but there is no bus station, and the road there is slippery, propose to increase capital investment to build bus stations near the train station, and set anti-skid material there; 12, The distance of Nanzhi bus stations is too far, it is recommended to shorten the distance. (b) Routing Problem 1,Many buses turn at the 102 Road terminal station turn, the station is crowded, it is recommended to extend the route to the power plant or Anton bridge, which can solve the congestion phenomenon, but also solve the ride issues of rural workers who come from the cogeneration; 2, More and more go to the Harbin West train station, but there are a lot of buses could not reach there, the suggestion is to extend bus lines to Harbin West train station, to form transport network; 3,18 road route is too short, some waste, proposing to extend the route; 4, Zhujiang New bus station is very beautiful, but only two buses pass by there, so construction of that station is a little waste, it is recommended to re-plan bus route. (c) Bus problem 1, Many of the bus steps are too high, such as the 51 Road, 82 Road, the old man get on the bus difficultly, we recommend purchasing the bus which has suitable step height; 2, There appeared a vehicle traveling on the road broken down, propose bus replacement or repair timely; 3, The bus is not air-conditioned car, it is too cold in winter, we recommend purchasing
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air-conditioned car. (d) Old People Card Problems 1, Advice that people 60 years or older from other city to come to Harbin can also enjoy preferential policies by their identity card; 2,Advice that change 70-year-old to enjoy preferential policies to the age of 60; 3, Suburban buses and some bus routes can not use older cards, such as 340 Road, 369 Road, 363 Road, 337 Road, suggest that implement equal treatment of all buses. (e) Scheduling problem 1, The utilization of buses is not high, such as 201 road, the grid is not timely, the bus on road is full of passengers, very crowded, but there are many empty buses parking at the finish line station, we recommend to monitor this phenomenon, arrange buses timely and reasonably; 2, Advice to direct and maintain order at the bus stations when the rush hour. (f) Advocacy issues 1, Some bus lines have been increased or cut short, but haven’t been showed on the signs, such as 28, 68, hopes to change the stop sign relevant and timely to facilitate passengers travel; 2, Suggest to increase advocacy power, update the roadmap of bus station regularly; 3, Suggest to change the advertisement on the both sides of roads to roadmap to facilitate commuters to find routes. (g) Bus driver management issues 1, Suggest bus driver start or stop the car with slow speed, it will be easy for the elderly to take bus; 2, There are many old people at the Botanical Garden, but most bus drivers do not stop to take them, we recommend that relevant departments can manage; 3, The treatment of bus driver is too low, and the responsibility for them is great, drivers are responsible for accidents, the bus team will not pay for the accidents, so no one want to be the bus driver, and the number of bus driver is less and less, the attitude of driver is bad. So I hope that the treatment of bus driver can be raise, and establish the responsibility system, strengthen training and management to bus drivers; 4,369 road buses are private buses, charges of it is different, hope relevant departments to identify and implement standardized charges. (8) Terminal station building problem 1, There is no public toilets at the terminal station, and it is not convenient for the drivers suggest to strengthen the terminal building; 2, The number of bus garages is less, and it is not convenient for bus drivers to warm their buses, suggest to create of underground garages. (9)Information system problems 1, Some road lights set unreasonable length of time, such as Dianta Street to the Sanhe Road ,the lights lasted six minutes, leading the team too long, blocking traffic; lights time of Sandadongli Street is too short, it is not enough for people to pass through, especially for the elderly; 2,There has been set smart electronic bus information screen at Zhongshan Road (108 Lu)and the museum, but the display does not have the actual application as they said
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before building those features, only some ads, and the intelligence electronic bus information at museum station block line of sight, so I hope that this cold weather smart transportation system construction project can be taken to avoid this phenomenon; 3, Some places in Harbin have been set “crossing traffic light priority “button, but the buttons are mostly useless, hope that such phenomena will not appear, and rlevant departments can strengthen maintenance after a good building. (10) other road problems 1,Overpasses are slippery, and stairs are too steep, it is inconvenient for old people to walk, recommend set anti-skid material on the overpasses, or put on carpet, and decrease the step height, set some handrails on the overpass, and clear snow timely; 2, Gogol Street is too smooth, very inconvenient to walk in winter and the rainy season, suggest to put on anti-skid material; 3, There are too many vehicles on the sidewalk, it is very dangerous for the elderly and children to walk there, we recommend that authorities introduce measures to make reasonable arrangements and management.
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Annex 13 Harbin Daoli District Disabled discussion
Time: March 28, 2013 Location: Harbin Daoli District Government 1st Floor East Conference Room Discussion persons: City CDPF Commissioner Hong, Daoli District CDPF Chief Lei, Chairman and the disabled from district physical disability associations, Association for the Blind and Deaf Association. Discussion content: 1 Daoli District CDPF Chief Lei
Lei is a physically disabled person, in today's discussion, Lei said that some of the current city buses steps are still high, the number of steps is still more, the door armrests can’t meet needs of persons with disabilities to get on and off the bus, many buses even have no armrests, so I hope this loan program can purchase in the bus which has low steps and convenient for wheelchair disabled to get on and off the bus.
Second, the current city bus station voice prompts widespread non-standard, show too early or too late, and subtitles article is not clear, which are not conducive to the blind and the deaf community to take bus, so I hope the new project after an operation aspects can improve these deficiencies, the other set auxiliary systems accessible in the bus and around the bus station to help the blind and deaf take bus. In addition, for physically disabled persons currently in Harbin travel up group is 3,4-level groups of physically disabled, so I hope provincial laws and regulations can let these people travel free or half-fare, rather than just cover the 1,2-level group with severe physical disabilities to enable farmer-friendly policy to the letter.
Another point, the setting of seats in the bus is not reasonable, which is mainly manifested in the latter part of the vehicle seat position is too high, it is not conducive to sit for physically disabled, the Harbin Polytechnic University subway station accessibility is also too high, and direct impact on people with disabilities to travel by wheelchair, relevant departments said it is the "water needs", for that reason it seem too far-fetched. For physically disabled persons on wheelchairs travel, it also hopes to use the slope at the bus station instead of stairs.
A final note is that the traffic lights now have no voice prompts, such as "green light now, please access", so there is a huge traffic risk for the blind to cross the road, exacerbated by individual trunk roads too wide, private vehicles vie to go, no "safe Green Island" and other factors, to further increase this risk. 2 Blind Association Vice-Chairman
Daoli District Blind Association Vice Chairman is also a blind, he think that the current songs which are played in the bus is louder than the arriving prompt voice, so the measure of voice prompt in Harbin bus operations requires further strengthened; he also noted that when the blind man across the lines of communication, they can’t see the time displayed on traffic signs, and taxis, private cars and other vehicles often vie to go, it is also extremely unsafe for blind. Based on this, he hoped the project can set monitoring probes at bus stations to help blind go across the road, in order to reduce the incidence of crime; secondly, hoped to install speaker, through voice to prompt blind to
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cross the road; Third, establish a good bus stop announcement system to facilitate blind to keep abreast of the situation of the bus, and avoid the phenomena of getting off early and lose way. 3 Deaf Representatives
Three types of disabilities attend the meeting; the impact of imperfect public transportation to the deaf is weak. According to City Association of the Deaf Chairman and District Association of the Deaf Vice Chairman reported, it is important to improve the subtitles stop announcement system, and this also applies to long-distance passenger vehicles; Second, to improve the car heater system; Third, the individual sections of the bus stops close to the traffic lights, bus starts after the red light, although still docked at the station, but passengers can’t get on the bus are because the bus has already been started, so I hope you can improve the quality of the driver.
At the end of the discussion, Lei represented persons with disabilities supplementary views. Lei believes that the reason why citizen including persons with disabilities choose to walk across the road straightly, instead of go through the overpass is not convenient, so the city's overpass type of facility utilization is only about 30%. Based on this, Lei considered in the project construction process, for three bus priority corridors along the overpass, underground underpass, etc. should be built into a closed passage, and install electricity escalator or lift at the place where disabled people often pass by, and install ventilation, drainage facilities, and strengthen management, in order to truly serve the persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups in the cold climatic conditions. A final note is that Harbin individual bus lines still exist with receiving ticket for blind, for the current "admit certificate, does not admit blind" issue, the District CDPF hope smart transportation projects in the construction can draw on 70 years of age or and disabled veterans and other travel modes apply for the blind community free pass, and to enhance the driver's legal advocacy and education to ensure that the legal requirements to the letter.
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Annex 14 Harbin Low-income groups forum
A, Time: 1:30 pm,March 25, 2013 B, Place: Harbin Daoli District Fushun Street Office (Anhe Street, 25) C, The participants: Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau Chief Zhang, Chief of Fushun street Office Qu, low in-come representatives ,Social Assessment Team D, The meeting content: 1, Chief Qu introduced the Social Assessment Team, and the standard of aid for low in-come groups in Harbin, the calculation of the amount of subsidies, utilities and other types of aid; 2, Teacher Dong from the Social Assessment Team introduced the Harbin cold weather smart transportation system project content, project organizational units, project funding application process and the purpose of the social assessment and the problem need to discuss in this forum; 3, Low in-come representatives express their views and opinions. E, Low in-come representatives raise problems and suggestions 1, LIANG Yuyuan is a company employee, but her income is low, she thinks Harbin taxi rejection is serious, it is difficult to take a taxi, so Harbin Smart transportation project is a good project, which will bring a lot of convenience for the people . At the same time, taking into that the age of 70 or older go out less, she hopes that the age limit in the policy can be lowered to 65 years, so that policy can be more humane. 2, Ma Shujie is a temporary, from her home to the nearest bus station (that is "the last mile"), about 3 to 5 minutes walk away, in order to save money, she walk to work every day, she hopes the Government can give preferential policy for low-income group to take bus. According to the statement, her monthly bus ride costs about 60 yuan, after completing the new smart transportation project, she do not hope bus tickets increase, 1 to 2 yuan / person • times is the acceptable range. 3, Zhao Haibin is a cobbler, mutilated two, he feels it is very difficult to go on and off the flyover, he hope the relevant departments lower step height of each section in the construction of flyovers, or set the disabled channels such as the disabled lift bridge etc., and manage the disabled facilities; purchase buses with low step height. 4, He Qingchun’s son is disabled, she suggested to set the special seats for the disabled to wait buses at the bus stations, and the seats must be indicated “using for disabled”, so that can be convenient for disabled to wait. She also hopes to build semi-enclosed warm bus station. 5, Intense problems discussed in the forum include: 1) 1 to 2 yuan / person • times of the bus fee is is not a small sum of money for the low income group, buying a travel card can only deals 0.1 yuan per time, while the purchase of bus cards itself is 15 yuan or 30 yuan, so low-income group hope Harbin City can provide more preferential policies for them to take buses to reduce their financial burden; 2) as the alpine city, many old people wish the bus to be warm, and the floor in the bus to be not so slippery, in addition, the phenomenon of buses arriving late or come together in winter should also be improved.
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Annex 15 Harbin City Women's Symposium
A, Time: 9:00 am, March 26, 2013 B, Place: Daowai District Government C, The participants: Daowai District Women's Federation President Zhang Fengxiang, Vice President Xu Fengling, 11 women representatives, Social Assessment Team. D, The meeting content: (a), President Zhang introduced the Social Assessment Team, and the purpose of this forum; (b), Teacher Dong from Social Assessment Team introduced the Harbin acold weather smart transportation project, introduced the World Bank to everyone; (c), Women's views: 1, Chairman Yin from the Street office said after listening the introduction of the whole project, she felt the project is very systematic and comprehensive. Daowai district involves Red Flag Street, carrying a lot of traffic, along the street are commercial, schools, hospitals, logistics and Red Flag furniture city, the further optimize of the road will be conductive to the development of the street economy. Meanwhile, the woman has now become the main force of national economic construction, but also carries important family functions, family children schooling, medical care will also be convenient and improved with the public transport system consummation, and also facilitate women to join in the society. Yin said the number of bus garage in Harbin is now less, many drivers get up at 3or4 o'clock in the morning to warm buses, and sometimes also need to warm buses at midnight, the construction of the underground garage can guarantee the driver's schedule, but also can extend the vehicle’s life. In addition, Yin also mentioned the development of the road can not only promote economic development, but also can promote the development of spiritual civilization, for example, if the station set video surveillance facilities, we can reduce theft. Finally Yin said that she hoped the project could be early implemented. 2, Wei Lin, deputy secretary of the Locomotive company, said Harbin is a River City, people in River City has some river feelings, so she hoped the Red flag Street can get through to the river, both to facilitate the people of Harbin to the river to play, also make Red flag Street to be a north-south artery of Harbin, and it will be important to the connection of Harbin entire furniture industry and logistics industry. Wei thinks that Harbin cold weather smart transportation project has depth, smart and she endorsed high-tech, and she endorsed the Government decision, and she was very pleased that the project can take into account the needs of women. But she also put forward some hope on the project, first, she hoped the project after applying to loan funds to conduct a strict budget, not a waste of money, to ensure that public funds used; second, she hoped that relevant departments to carry out the entire project implementation strict supervision to ensure the quality of projects; third,after completion of the project, orderly management is very important, only the well management can keep up with the pace of technological progress. Finally Wei also expressed the hope that the project can be
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implemented as soon as possible. 3, Vice president of Hongguang Boiler Group Xu Yan said some problems and needs for women, and put forward some suggestions to the project. First, she mentioned women ‘s sense of direction is not strong, it is good to provide women with a clear road conductor. The second point, the peak in the bus, men and women crowded together to get on the bus, sometimes it may affect the dignity of women, especially in summer, so she hopes the bus will give the elderly, children and women with special door; Third, there are no toilets along the way buses pass by or at transfer station, she hoped to set up more and more public toilets, and ladies room should be more than the men's room; Fourth, a number of buses park at bus station, it is not easy to get on and off, so she asked to mark on the ground which bus can park here, arrange different bus parking spaces for different routes of buses, this can improve the efficiency of getting on and off; Fifth point, she hoped to separate buses and private cars traveling, to set up system constraints. 4, Harbin Tent Co., Ltd. Chairman Zhang Aihua said half of the year in Harbin is winter, which makes life cost and the production cost very high, the project will reduce the residents’s financial burden. Meanwhile, as the fourteenth session of the National People's Congress, she was slightly worried about the $ 100 million repayment, she repeatedly stressed that the Government will implement the project, there must be a strict bidding, strict supervision, otherwise they would not give people bring benefits, but will give people a burden. 5, Community Director Yang Xiukui said roads in Harbin are very slippery in winter, walking on the roads is not convenient; she hoped to use the underground grid fever to melt the snow on the roads. 6, Community Director Dai Yunan wanted to set up special seats at the bus stations for the elderly and children to wait for the bus. 7, Community Director Ma Lihua said 111Road Station has been set up electronic information devices, but winter in Harbin is very cold, electronic equipment at low temperatures will fail, so she hoped when purchase of electronic equipment must consider whether the equipment can defend cold, to ensure the life of electronic devices. 8, Street Office Director Ning Shengjie said she was very interested in the "smart", because women’s sense of direction is not strong, intelligent information systems can provide an effective route for women. In addition, she also stressed that electronic information equipment must defend cold. She also said the pre-planning of project must be meticulous, thoughtful. 9, District Women's Federation President Zhang Fengxiang said that the project is very good, she hoped for an early implementation. She also raised a number of questions and suggestions. First, in the procurement of buses must be sure to select the bus,
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which can provide warm. Second, the road is very slippery and snowy in winter, so when build the road not only to consider the aesthetic, but also non-slip, the roads must be practical. Third, some of the existing bridges have already used a grid snowmelt; these snowmelt measures can be generalized to bus stations, and even extended to the bus itself, to ensure waiting for buses, getting on the buses, as well as the floor of buses clean and not slippery. Fourth, the number of public toilets is too little; propose to build public toilets along the public transport hub. Fifth, set voice prompts devices at the traffic lights; use sound to tell whether people can cross the road, so blind can easily cross the road. Also she said the women tend live frugally, going out by bus will save travel costs, if the construction of smart transportation system is done, and women can be very beneficial.
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Annex 16 Harbin City Women's Forum 2
A, Time: 8:30 am, March 27, 2013 B, Place: Engineering Community C, The participants: Federation Ministers Gong Jianhong, twelve women representatives, Social Assessment Team. D, The meeting content: (a), Minister Gong introduced the Social Assessment Team, and the purpose of this forum; (b), Wang Binghong from the Social Assessment Team introduce the Harbin acold weather smart transportation project, and the World Bank; (c), Women's representative: 1, Zhao Daili, retired cadre of community
There is the phenomenon of Chinese-crossing-road in Harbin, people cross the road together when the traffic light is red, I hope you can take measures to allow residents to obey the traffic rules. In addition, it is important to improve the quality of people. Friendship Road, next to a Wal-Mart there is an electronic sign, public transportation information on it is very comprehensive and detailed, and very clear, it is recommended to set more such electronic signs.
Try not to spray the bus body advertising, if you must spray it, please ensure that all vehicles unity, so that the passengers look comfortably. Another problem, signs in front of the bus must be clear, and the words on the sign should be large enough, it is good to set the LED display on the windshield of the bus to show the bus number, so passengers will be able to see very far away from bus station.
Private car cannot be close to the bus stop, if that it will very likely to cause an accident, Zhao herself is on behalf of the victims, a decade ago that this has led to leg disability. 2, Song Xuemei, retired cadre of community
Many buses park at Jingwei 12 Street station, it is disorder there, sometimes multiple buses come together, and people need to run to take the bus, and sometimes even running will be late to catch the bus. Hope this problem can be solved. 3, Jiang Yunzhi , civil
Beijing airport intelligent information is very humane; the information is very detailed, which bring great convenience to people. Taking buses in Harbin has "four pain". First, “ waiting buses is painful " no intelligent Information message alert, you will do not know how long it takes until the bus come, and sometimes it will take 30-40 minutes to wait for a bus, it is very painful to wait buses in the winter, she has bought special shoes to keep warm, and if there is intelligent information tips, people can follow the prompts to select another route; Second, "taking bus is painful”. Every day peak, people in the bus is like a photo, she never carry a large bag on the bus, as will be crowd for others when you put the large bag around you, also will be stolen when you put it on the floor. What’s more, people
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can’t wear good shoes to take bus, because it will be stepped on; Third, "being late is painful", the longest time I waiting for the bus taken me two hours and ten minutes, and that was in winter, I was frozen, when I came home it was already eight o’clock, I feel taking bus every car is like a war; Fourth, "looking for station is painful", Harbin citizens are familiar with the fixed route, but when go out to have a trip on weekend, people often couldn’t find the way, and one-way streets is difficult to find the bus station, and frost is on the windows, many bus has no arriving report , it is very difficult for the local residents to find the destination, not to mention the foreign tourists. 4, Fu Beisi , Street Federation member
I do not take bus or take the bus less for 7-8 years; I take the bus occasionally in order to let my child to experience it. Buses are not recommended driving on the road, because the existing ground surface has insufficient carrying capacity, she said, from a long-term project design point of view, the project cannot be used only ten years after the completion then abandoned. Bus body must be unified, the number of the bus must be easy to see, and it is better to have the LED display, because if that passengers can see which bus is coming easily. To put less car ads in the bus, and roadmap should be set up at some more different locations in the bus, it will be convenient for passengers sitting in different positions to find, but the direction must be clear. Famous attractions can also be indicated in the roadmap. Northern Bus necessarily have to be air-conditioned, because winter is cold and the window of the bus can’t be open, so the it is very easy to be infected cold when people taking a bus, air-conditioned bus can be warm, and also can guarantee the quality of air inside the bus. Electronic information products can be made into solar energy. 5, Zhang Shu, Department of Education member
Although private car owners have cars, they still willing to take the bus, because there are also driving problems and parking difficulties for private car owners. This project is very good, but in order to serve people well you must go into the basic level to study, the money must be used when it is necessary needed, we must first solve the "getting on the bus" issue. Also speaking from the details, each station can not be built too near, let the different routes of the buses park at different place. Private car parking place must be marked clearly, and the police charges must be clear, publicity departments should be well done. 6, Lu Lina, teacher
Now why so many private cars? A large part of which is to pick up the child from school. When school time, they’re many private cars at Jihong Elementary School and other big schools gate, and roads are full of parking cars, causing serious jams. And why parents choose private car to pick up their children, because it will be unsure when to arrive at schools if students choose to take buses. Schools require students arrive school at 7:40, if the bus could not come, will cause the children to be late to school. Some children who take the bus to stagger the morning rush hour, they go out at 6:00, less than 7:00 they can arrive at school, it is hard for the children to get up early, but also students arrive at school early will bring bad impact to the school administration. I
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suggest that whether can set students buses after 4:30 pm and before 7:20. There are many schools along the Friendship Road, and the road is very wide, cars always drive very fast there, so whether can set deceleration zone at the school gate, to ensure the safety of students. When in winner the floor of the bus and the place under the sidewalk at the bus stop have a large area of ice, many elderly people will fall there, it is very dangerous, and suggest taking steps to make these places promptly melting ice, to ensure the safety of pedestrians. 7, Wang Jialin, community worker
102 and 103 road has some new buses, she is 1 meter 70 high, and it is not convenient for her to grip beams, not to mention other sawed people. It is recommended that when procurement buses must be thoughtful, to facilitate passengers to take. Many times arrive at strange places, I do not know which direction to travel, I must go back and forth on both sides of the road to find the bus stop I need. whether can set the stop sign at the crossing to tell the passengers on this side if there is a bus they need, so that passengers do not need to go back and forth along the road on both sides of the roads to look for the bus station. 8, Shao Hong, community worker
People from other place come to here often carry a large luggage to take bus, and the luggage will occupy a large place, whether can set a special place under the bus to lay luggage.
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Annex 17 Heilongjiang Flying Wing Transportation Company Interview
Time: 14:30,March 27, 2013 Location: Harbin Flying Wing Transportation Company, 3rd Floor Office Discussion by: Manager Xiao Gang (13945676568) Discussion content:
According to Li's introduction, Heilongjiang Flying Wing Transportation is the largest private bus company in Harbin, the company has 402 buses in operating, including 18 buses which has not been coded city public transport operators, the company has 64, 66 Road and so on, has a total of 10 bus routes, in charge of 10 bus teams, the average daily passenger transport up to 30 million people. In the winter holiday season, due to the decrease of students, migrant workers and other reasons, the number of passengers decreases; Together with managers, the company has 720 employees, of which the number of first line of the bus drivers which in the membership is 523. In the year 2012 company annual gross operating income reached 3,000 million yuan, as private companies, bus operator can only enjoy fuel subsidies, according to the company accounting in year 2012, operating costs per capita is 1.1 yuan, 1 yuan per passenger (only 218 Road fares 2 yuan) in recent years, makes the company deficit. For example, the company repairs all types of vehicles and parts replacement need a lot of money, annual spending for such logistical support can reach more than 300 million.
In 2012, the company appeared the phenomenon that former employees of the company applying for a job again, this phenomenon partly because the company first line driver attendance (work two days and have a day rest) wage has risen above 4,000 yuan / month, maintenance workers and cleaning staff attendance monthly wages (hourly basis) rose from 3000 to 3500 yuan; other reason is that nearly two years the Harbin city freight logistics market is downturn. The company's proportion of female drivers is only around 2%, which may be associated with the workers here need to work 12 hours a day or so.
In the accident, due to the slippery toads in winter and other reasons, in recent years, all kinds of traffic accidents occurred an average of 200 per year in our company, from the responsible for that accident, to ensure that employees can work without distraction. The company tends to bear 80% to 90% of the liability, and during the winter, the ratio will reach 100%.
The company has 402 operating buses, which can be divided into low, medium and high-end 3 types, high-end buses are 218 Road, each "naked bus"23 price is at 430,000 yuan; "naked bus" for 64 Road, 66 Road, 82 Road, 91 Road, 94 Road and the 369 bus price at about 200,000 yuan, belonging to the low-end type buses; buses for 68 Road and 86 Road and other roads belong to the client type buses, each "naked car" average price is about 350,000 yuan. The company natural gas buses and diesel buses
23"Naked car" means the bus just be removed from the bus manufacturers, and have not go
through any operator formalities.
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ownership ratio is about 2:1. Also to be noted is that our company now using more than 400 buses which have GPS system, and more this bus system is "replacement" 24device, the system not only takes a lot of power, but also just has the function of arriving report, and has not yet realize remote command and control functions.
In the bus operator punctuality rate and complaints, subject to traffic congestion and winter snow, punctuality rate of our buses is currently difficult to guarantee, the company benefits also affected by the delays; Addition, the company set up a special telephone for complaints, the number is 88001886, and there are the bus team captains’ phone numbers inside and outside the buses, to prepare for all kinds of bus passengers at any time reflects the problem.
Finally, in the building of bus lane, Li hopes the bus priority corridors should be designed to the inside ways, and learn from Jinan bay bus station and other areas of construction experience, implement the "bus priority, bus rapid transit " decision as soon as possible, and we hope to increase the punishment of " going when the traffic is red " and " private car parking in the bus station ".
24 "Replacement" refers to the acquisition, maintenance and repair costs of GPS system are
incurred by the advertising cost of GPS system.
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Annex 18 Heilongjiang Longyun Modern Limited (Taxi) Interview
Time: 8:00 o’clock, March 29, 2013 Location: Office of Heilongjiang Longyun Modern Limited Interview by: Wan Xiao Ling, manager Interview:
Manager Wan Xiaoling introduced the basic situation of the taxi company. There are currently over 15,200 taxies in Harbin, belonging to the city's 44 taxi companies. Taxi industry's direct administrative supervision department is Harbin City Department of Transportation Taxi Transportation Management Office. There are 1,000 taxies in Longyun Modern Limited, and there are more than 1,870 taxi drivers. In 2010, in 2010 the company was established in response to the call of government, just two years after the establishment, our company become the most complete and largest "public take public "taxi operating company of the city, now gas instead of oil workshops, gas stations etc. which equipped in our company are up to industry standards. Administrative department for industry, regulatory co-operation with the company, at present taxi management office has been built, and it includes daily performance of taxi drivers management, taxi drivers blacklist building, integrity status for regulatory information management system, and according to the requirements of each taxi company, taxi management office will also provide the taxi company with the system registry ports to truly promote the industry management departments and enterprises interact and contact.
To the relationship between the company and Harbin smart public transportation construction projects, the manager thinks, bus priority corridors construction projects is the most closely contact to the company’s operating sub-project construction system, because on the one hand existing bus priority lanes in Harbin allow taxi operation use, on the other hand is that existing roads in Harbin is widespread that when the weather become warmer the roads will be “pumping”, that is used in winter in May or June, Harbin urban pavement will crack and damage, so the manager hopes that the construction of three bus corridors can be constructed intensify, and can adapt to the cold climate.
In addition, according to the present situation of taxi operation, manager Wan thinks that it is necessary to construct taxi transfer points along the busy streets and pedestrian crossing, on the construction specifications, she hopes the transfer points can be about 30 meters away from a bus; In terms of overpasses and public transportation infrastructure project, it is necessary to improve the number of it; For intelligent building, she thinks the current paying way which through the brush bus IC card to pay for the taxi service fee assumption is not operable in Harbin, on the one hand because of the existing vehicle system, it is difficult to identify bus IC card, on the other hand, install POS card machine in the taxi is difficult to implement.
Finally, manager Wan also hopes the Harbin cold weather smart transport system construction project can combine taxi companies, public transport smart dispatching system and enterprise information management system. For city signal management
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system, the manager suggested that in the cold city like Harbin, don’t cancel the yellow light and seconds reading machine, to eliminate the traffic accidents which cause by the icy roads, and she hopes to increase the number of road light on the prosperous area.