So WHAT IS · Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) ... - Testing and evaluating filters - Measuring...
Transcript of So WHAT IS · Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) ... - Testing and evaluating filters - Measuring...
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So WHAT IS a “Network Analyzer”?
SCALAR Network Analyzer (SNA) … Deals only with signal Magnitudes
Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) … Deals with both Magnitudes and Phase
“DUT”
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What can you DO with a Network Analyzer?
Measure Filters … Low Pass, Band Pass, Receiver IF stages
Measure Crystals … Frequency, “Motional Parameters”
Measure Antennas … SWR, Return Loss
Measure Impedance … “Complex Z = R +/- jX”
Generate RF Signals … Stable reference frequencies
Measure Coax Cables … Integrity, length, shorts
And more!
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Scalar Network Analyzer
EXAMPLES
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Scalar Network Analyzer
EXAMPLES
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OR …
You can make your own Scalar Network Analyzer!
Top
Bottom
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• Handheld instrument for “scalar measurements” …
- Testing and evaluating filters
- Measuring crystal parameters
- Return Loss Measurement
- VSWR and antenna tuning
- Continuous/repeated operation options
• 3.2”, 240 x 320, 16-bit color graphic LCD display
• Touch panel & Keyboard as input devices
• Field upgradable firmware
• Serial port connection to other devices
• EEPROM for storing settings & options
• SD Card mass storage up to 1 GB provides:
- Data spooling and playback
- Calibration data storage and reloading
- Direct data exchange with Windows and Linux apps
- DOS–like commands to manage and playback data files
SpecificationsPCB: 4.47" x 3.31"
Enclosure: 4.82" x 3.77" x 1.39"
Data rates: 1.2 to 19.2 kbaud
Power: 12V DC @ 120ma (typ) (330ma with DDS-60)
Weight: 7 oz (approx)
SNA Midnight SNA Features
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Scalar Network
Analyzer
(SNA)
DUT
RF OUT RF IN
SNA Block Diagram(Simple)
(Device Under Test)
e.g., Low Pass Filter
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Graphic Display
& Touch Screen
Microcontroller
Device Under Test
(DUT)
“DDS”
Signal
Generator
Logarithmic
RF Power
Detector
RF INRF OUT
FREQPOWER
LEVEL
SNA Block Diagram(Detailed)
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SNA Block Diagram(More Detailed)
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Display module - under $20 on eBay: 240 x 320 Pixel (QVGA), 16-bit color, 3.2” LCD
SSD1289 display controller
Resistive touch screen with ADS7843 controller
SD Card socket
Pads and interconnect for serial (SPI) EEPROM
Single, 40-pin interface connector
SNA QVGA Display
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1 ENTER
SNA Menu-Driven Operation
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RF Power Meter Mode Primarily intended for QRP applications
Power reading taken about 200 times/second (every 5 ms)
100 dBm range, use attenuators to shift the range
DDS used only for calibration
Three Power Meters Displayed Current power reading (10-point running average)
Average Power (200-point running average)
Peak Power (updated every 200 samples)
PCtrl-G Apply
RFScroll
Lock
SNA Measuring Power
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10T-Bifilar(FT37-43)
50
50 50
RF INPUT(FROM DDS)
RETURN LOSS(TO RF POWER METER)
RESONATING DUT(e.g., antenna)
RETURN LOSS BRIDGE
SNA Measuring Antenna “SWR”
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SNA Antenna Analysis with the RLB
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9.19.1
150
9.19.1
150
10T-Bifilar(FT37-43)
10T-Bifilar(FT37-43)
RFIN
RFOUT
CRYSTALSOCKET
CRYSTAL TEST FIXTURE
-3dB Attenuator -3dB Attenuator
SNA Crystal Charaterization
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SNA Crystal Matching
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SNA More Crystal Charaterization
& Matching
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DEMO
Midnight SNA
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Gain ratio = Pout/Pin
Gain (dB) = 10 log(Pout/Pin)
Gain (dBm) = 10 log(Pout/.001) = 10 log(Pout x 1000) = 10 (log(Pout) + log(1000)) = 10 log(Pout) + 30
Short circuit gain = 10 log(Pin/Pin) = 10 log(1) = 0for any Pin
Gain (dBm) = 10 log(Pin) - d where:Pin = power meter reading d = short circuit gain reading
DDS output level varies with frequency (due to sin(x)/x sampling effect) therefore d is a function of frequency: d(f)
SNA Time for a Little Math?
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SNA Midnight SNA Schematic
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SNA References
RF Network Analyzer Basics Tutorial …
http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/t_and_m/rf-network-
analyzer/analyser-basics-tutorial.php
SNA Home Page & Kit Availability ...
http://www.midnightdesignsolutions.com/nat
SNA Yahoo Group ...
https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/NAT-SNA/info
Contact the SNA Designers:
George Heron, N2APB … [email protected]
Dave Collins, AD7JT … [email protected]