Smoking & Its Relation With Resp Illness
Transcript of Smoking & Its Relation With Resp Illness
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BASED ON A SURVEY BY THE 50TH BATCH
MBBS ; ROLL NUMBERS 1-17
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Cigarette smoking is the most common form of
tobacco usage.
Its associated with more morbidity and mortality
than any other personal, environmental or
occupational factors
Smoking not only directly cause a disease
process but also interacts with other
occupational and environmental factors in a
synergistic or additive fashion
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Coronary artery disease Cerebrovascular lesions
Aortic aneurysms
COPD
Interstitial lung disease Lung cancer
Malignancies of GIT
Malignancies of urinary tract
Malignancies of cervix
Sudden infant death syndrome
Infant respiratory distress syndrome
Low birth weight infants
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Carbon monoxide
Produced byincomplete
combustion of tobacco
200 times moreaffinity for hemoglobin
than oxygen anddecreases oxygendelivery to tissues
Carcinogenicchemicals
Arsenic
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
acetaldehydePhenol
Irritants
Nitrogen dioxide
Formaldehyde
Cilia toxins
Hydrogen cyanide
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Nicotine
Alkaloid from tobaccoReadily cross BBB
Stimulate brainnicotinic receptors
Produce rise in heartrate,force,blood
pressure,mobilisationof free fatty acids
Responsible fortobacco addiction
Organ specificcarcinogens
Lung , larynx-NNK,polonium210,
Polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons
Esophagus NNN
Bladder
4-aminobiphenyl,
2-naphthylamine
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Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
Arises in 4th or 5th decade
Virtually all patients are smokers
Insidious onset dyspnoea & dry cough
Clubbing & emphysema often present Alveoli contain many smokers macrophages with
dusty brown pigment
Respiratory bronchiolitis associated ILD
Smokers macrophages in resp. bronchioles, alveolarducts & peribronchiolar spaces
Mild peribronchiolar fibrosis & centrilobular
emphysema
Dyspnoea & cough
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87% of lung cancers occur in active smokers or
those who stopped recently An average smoker has 10 times more risk of
malignancy than a normal person
Malignant change
Carcinoma in situ Invasive carcinoma
metaplasia
Ciliated columnar cells Stratified squamous cells
Cigarette smoke
Carcinogenic chemicals Organ specific carcinogens
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To establish the relationship between
smoking and several respiratory illnesses
To establish the relationship between theintensity, duration & type of smoking with
respiratory illnesses
To study the factors that lead the patients
towards becoming smokers
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Two indices are used for calculaing it
no of cigarettes/ beedis smoked per day
no of years of smoking
smoking score
No of cigarettes/beedis in a pack
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OTHERS:
asthma,pneumonia,bronchiectasis,post T.B.
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34 out of 44 had started smoking from the age
of 15-20 years
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All the patients are aware of ill effects of smoking
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A large majority of the patients admitted due
to COPD, lung cancers are current or past
smokers.
Smoking can also increase the susceptibility of
a person towards many other diseases
Despite being aware of the hazards of smoking,a few are still adamant to continue it
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Bibliography
Robbins & cotran: pathological basis of diseases
Harrisons textbook of internal medicine
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