Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...
Transcript of Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphone-based sensor networks and somestatistical challenges: the Earthquake Network
Android application
Francesco Finazzi
University of Bergamo
29 November 2013 - University of Glasgow
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Outline
Outline
Monitoring networks
Wireless sensor networks
Smartphone-based sensor networks (SSN)
Analysis of SSN data
Earthquake Network Android application
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Classic monitoring networks
Classic (wired) monitoring networks
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Monitoring network node
Monitoring network node
Byres Road - Scottish air quality network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Monitoring network node
Air quality monitoring network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Wireless sensor network
Wireless sensor network
Volcano monitoring - Harvard Sensor Networks Lab
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphone-based sensor networks
Smartphone-based sensor network (SSN)
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 10: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 13: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 14: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 16: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 17: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 18: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 19: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
Can we use smartphones?
Data transferGSM signal - not easy to have in remote areas
PowerExternal batteries, solar panels
Sensing capabilitiesAcceleration, geomagnetic �eld, temperature, illuminance,sound pressure, atm. pressure and humidityVisible light (camera)Position
Sensor accuracy and calibrationNot always good
GeolocationGPS or GSM signal
![Page 20: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
SSN applications
Environmental �eld estimation
Temperature, pressure, humidity,...
Earthquakes (accelerometer)
Avalanches/landslides (microphone)
Air quality (camera+�lter)
Fire/smoke detection (camera)
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
SSN applications
Environmental �eld estimation
Temperature, pressure, humidity,...
Earthquakes (accelerometer)
Avalanches/landslides (microphone)
Air quality (camera+�lter)
Fire/smoke detection (camera)
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
SSN applications
Environmental �eld estimation
Temperature, pressure, humidity,...
Earthquakes (accelerometer)
Avalanches/landslides (microphone)
Air quality (camera+�lter)
Fire/smoke detection (camera)
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
SSN applications
Environmental �eld estimation
Temperature, pressure, humidity,...
Earthquakes (accelerometer)
Avalanches/landslides (microphone)
Air quality (camera+�lter)
Fire/smoke detection (camera)
![Page 24: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
SSN applications
Environmental �eld estimation
Temperature, pressure, humidity,...
Earthquakes (accelerometer)
Avalanches/landslides (microphone)
Air quality (camera+�lter)
Fire/smoke detection (camera)
![Page 25: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Smartphones as nodes
SSN applications
Environmental �eld estimation
Temperature, pressure, humidity,...
Earthquakes (accelerometer)
Avalanches/landslides (microphone)
Air quality (camera+�lter)
Fire/smoke detection (camera)
![Page 26: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
SSN types
SSN types
Private SSNs - Sensor network with smartphones as nodes.The network is operated by a network manager which isresponsible for buying, installing and maintaining the nodes.
Public SSNs - Sensor network based on smartphonesbelonging to their single owners. The smartphone is part ofthe network only if the owner agrees to be part of it.
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
SSN types
SSN types
Private SSNs - Sensor network with smartphones as nodes.The network is operated by a network manager which isresponsible for buying, installing and maintaining the nodes.
Public SSNs - Sensor network based on smartphonesbelonging to their single owners. The smartphone is part ofthe network only if the owner agrees to be part of it.
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs architecture
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
![Page 31: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
![Page 32: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
![Page 33: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
![Page 34: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
![Page 35: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Public SSNs
Public SSNs
Dynamic network: the total number of nodes, the number ofactive nodes and the location of the nodes changecontinuously;
Location is not always known precisely (can we usenon-localized smartphones?);
Heterogeneous nodes: di¤erent vendors and models;
Sensors are often uncalibrated;
Asynchronous data acquisition;
Preferential sampling (remote areas?);
Someone else pays device and energy.
![Page 36: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
SSN data analysis
SSN data analysis
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Classic monitoring network - Data matrix
Classic monitoring network - Data matrix
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Classic monitoring network - Data matrix
SSN - Geolocation
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Classic monitoring network - Data matrix
Dynamic network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Classic monitoring network - Data matrix
Dynamic network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Classic monitoring network - Data matrix
SSN - Data table
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Calibration
Sensor calibration
Smartphone sensors are often uncalibrated or...
they require periodic calibration
Manual calibration is not easy/practicable
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Calibration
"On the �y" calibration based on geofence
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Calibration
Calibration curve
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Introduction
Earthquake Network Android app
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Earthquake Network as SSN
Earthquake Network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Earthquake Network as SSN
Earthquake Network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 50: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 51: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 52: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 53: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 54: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 55: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 56: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 57: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Why and what
Why and what
Why detect quakes?
O¢ cial networks take between 15 and 60 minutes to notifyPopulation noti�cationIntensity (shake map)
What can be detected?
Time of the eventIntensityEpicenter (not easy)
What cannot be detected?
Magnitude (energy)
![Page 58: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
HW/SW architecture
HW/SW architecture
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
HW/SW architecture
HW/SW architecture
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
SW architecture
App dashboard
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Vibrations and quakes
Vibration vs earthquake
Vibration: smartphone movement
Earthquake: waves of energy travelling through the Earth�slayers
Smartphones measure vibrations, the network measuresearthquakes
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Vibrations and quakes
Vibration vs earthquake
Vibration: smartphone movement
Earthquake: waves of energy travelling through the Earth�slayers
Smartphones measure vibrations, the network measuresearthquakes
![Page 63: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Vibrations and quakes
Vibration vs earthquake
Vibration: smartphone movement
Earthquake: waves of energy travelling through the Earth�slayers
Smartphones measure vibrations, the network measuresearthquakes
![Page 64: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Vibration detection
Vibration detection
![Page 65: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Accelerometer calibration
Accelerometer calibration
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Vibration detection
Vibration detection - Battery charging
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Earthquake detection
Earthquake detection
(non geolocalized smartphones?)
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
![Page 69: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Earthquake Network
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
Downloads: � 270000 (11 months)Total active users: � 30000Active nodes at any time: � 10000Enabled nodes at any time: 100� 250 (3%� 8%)3% of 1.4 billion (potential) smartphones is a large number
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Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
Downloads: � 270000 (11 months)Total active users: � 30000Active nodes at any time: � 10000Enabled nodes at any time: 100� 250 (3%� 8%)3% of 1.4 billion (potential) smartphones is a large number
![Page 73: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
Downloads: � 270000 (11 months)Total active users: � 30000Active nodes at any time: � 10000Enabled nodes at any time: 100� 250 (3%� 8%)3% of 1.4 billion (potential) smartphones is a large number
![Page 74: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
Downloads: � 270000 (11 months)Total active users: � 30000Active nodes at any time: � 10000Enabled nodes at any time: 100� 250 (3%� 8%)3% of 1.4 billion (potential) smartphones is a large number
![Page 75: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Dynamic network
Active nodes
Downloads: � 270000 (11 months)Total active users: � 30000Active nodes at any time: � 10000Enabled nodes at any time: 100� 250 (3%� 8%)3% of 1.4 billion (potential) smartphones is a large number
![Page 76: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Environmental sensors are becoming available for o¤-the-shelfproducts
Smartphones are the natural candidates to carry aroundsensors
However:
A SSN should be based on a large number of smartphones(not easy)Calibrations of heterogeneous sensors can be an issueStatistical methods/software for SSN space-time data may notbe immediately available
![Page 77: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Environmental sensors are becoming available for o¤-the-shelfproducts
Smartphones are the natural candidates to carry aroundsensors
However:
A SSN should be based on a large number of smartphones(not easy)Calibrations of heterogeneous sensors can be an issueStatistical methods/software for SSN space-time data may notbe immediately available
![Page 78: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Environmental sensors are becoming available for o¤-the-shelfproducts
Smartphones are the natural candidates to carry aroundsensors
However:
A SSN should be based on a large number of smartphones(not easy)Calibrations of heterogeneous sensors can be an issueStatistical methods/software for SSN space-time data may notbe immediately available
![Page 79: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Environmental sensors are becoming available for o¤-the-shelfproducts
Smartphones are the natural candidates to carry aroundsensors
However:
A SSN should be based on a large number of smartphones(not easy)Calibrations of heterogeneous sensors can be an issueStatistical methods/software for SSN space-time data may notbe immediately available
![Page 80: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Environmental sensors are becoming available for o¤-the-shelfproducts
Smartphones are the natural candidates to carry aroundsensors
However:
A SSN should be based on a large number of smartphones(not easy)Calibrations of heterogeneous sensors can be an issueStatistical methods/software for SSN space-time data may notbe immediately available
![Page 81: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Environmental sensors are becoming available for o¤-the-shelfproducts
Smartphones are the natural candidates to carry aroundsensors
However:
A SSN should be based on a large number of smartphones(not easy)Calibrations of heterogeneous sensors can be an issueStatistical methods/software for SSN space-time data may notbe immediately available
![Page 82: Smartphone-based sensor networks and some statistical ...](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042401/625d5a894814655c2f1f3d13/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Introduction Monitoring networks WSN SSN SSN data analysis Earthquake Network Conclusions
Pro version