Smartgrid Technology 2

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SMARTGRIDTECHNOLOGY.

M.Pramodh Reddy

G.Avinash Valkya

Electrical and Electronics Department,Padmasri Dr B V Raju institute of technology,

Narsapur, Medak, AndhraPradesh,India


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INTRODUCTION A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers

to consumers using two-way digital technology.

Includes an intelligent monitoring system thatkeeps track of all electricity flowing in the

system Also incorporates the use of superconductive

transmission lines for less power loss,integrating alternative sources of electricitysuch as solar and wind.

enhance transmission and distributionsystems.

Smart meters may be part of a smart grid, but


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FEATURES Load adjustment Demand response support

Greater resilience to loading Decentralization of power generation Price signaling to consumers Modernizes both transmission and distribution

When power is least expensive a smart grid couldturn on selected home appliances such as washing

machines or factory processes that can run atarbitrary hours. at peak times it could turn off selectedappliances to reduce demand.


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TECHNOLOGY Integrated communications

Sensing and measurement

Smart meters Phasor measurement units

A wide-area measurement systems


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SMART GRID FUNCTIONS Self healing

Consumer participation

Resist attacks

High quality power

Accommodate generation options

Enable electricity markets

Optimize energy assets

Enable high penetration of intermittent energysources


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FROM TODAY TO TOMORROWPRESENT GRIDS:

Important changes must be incorporated into thenature of electricity supply, as demand rises and

traditional resources are depleted. Todays grids are predominantly based on large

central power stations connected to high voltagetransmission systems which, in turn, supply power

to medium and low-voltage local distributionsystems.

The transmission and distribution systems arecommonly run by natural monopolies under energy

authorities control.


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MODEL OF A PRESENT GRID


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FROM TODAY TO TOMORROWFUTURE GRIDS:

Distribution grids will become active and will haveto accommodate bi-directional power flows.

Distribution networks, on the other hand, have seenlittle change and tend to be radial with mostlyunidirectional power flows and passive operation.

Their primary role is energy delivery to end-users.


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MODEL OF A FUTURE GRID


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MODEL OF A FUTURE GRID


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SETTING UP SMART GRIDS Electricity grids of the future are Smart in severalways..

Firstly, they allow the customer to take an activerole in the supply of electricity. Demand

management becomes an indirect source ofgeneration and savings are rewarded.

Secondly, the new system offers greater efficiencyas links are set up across Europe and beyond to

draw on available resources and enable an efficientexchange of energy.

In addition, environmental concerns will be

addressed, thanks to the exploitation of sustainableener sources.


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Today, most users are passive receivers ofelectricity without further participation in theoperational management of the generation sourcesand the grid. Each user node is simply a sink for

electricity.

However, in the last decade many countries have

started the process of liberalization of their electricsystems, opening access to transmission anddistribution grids.

Smart metering, with two way communications

capability and greatly improved user information, isnow a reality and deployment is already takingplace in some European countries


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AN INTERACTIVE GRID Just like the internet, the electricity grid will be

interactive for both power generation sources andpower consumption sinks.

Wide area monitoring and protection (WAM &

WAP) systems will be applied to manage thecongestions in the transmission systems in a waythat improves the security and reliability of gridoperation.

One possible model for the electricity network ofthe future would be analogous to the internet, in thesense that decision-making is distributed and that

flows are bi-directional.


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OPERATION OF A SMART GRIDEnergymarket

Transmission systemoperator

Distributionsystem operator

Industrial and commercial

Wind farms

households CHP


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FIRST CITIES WITH SMART GRIDS The earliest, and still largest, example of a

smart grid is the Italian system installed by EnelS.p.A. of Italy. completed in 2005, theTELEGESTORE project was highly unusual in

the utility world because the company designedand manufactured their own meters, acted astheir own system integrator, and developed theirown system software.

AUSTIN, TEXAS BOULDER, COLORADO

HYDRO ONE, IN ONTARIO, CANADA


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OBSTACLES regulatory environments that don't reward

utilities for operational efficiency, excluding U.S.awards.

consumer concerns over privacy. social concerns over "fair" availability of

electricity.

limited ability of utilities to rapidly transform their

business and operational environment to takeadvantage of smart grid technologies.

concerns over giving the government

mechanisms to control the use of all powerusin activities.


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CONCLUSION The importance ,advantages, disadvantages

of smart grid technology have beenpresented in this paper. However this

technology is more advantageous comparedto present system. Hence we concludesaying that this technology improves

economy of a country by reducing electricallosses and giving way for alternate sourcesof energy.


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THANK YOU

Smartgrid Technology 2

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