Smart tanker robot for security operations in the protected area with wireless secured communicat

SMART TANKER ROBOT FOR SECURITY OPERATIONS IN THE PROTECTED AREA

WITH WIRELESS SECURED COMMUNICATION

Wireless 433.92 MHz – ISM Band, Ultrasonic Radar with PIR Human Being Detection, Unmanned and Operative

Using Microcontroller




College Name




Guide Name




Student(s) Name

Using PIC MicrocontrollersPIC 16F877




The Webster defines a Robot as - An automatic apparatus or device that performs functions ordinarily ascribed to humans or operates with what appears to be almost human intelligence, which means Robot, is defined as a mechanical design that is capable of performing human tasks or behaving in a human-like manner



The Robotics Institute of America defines a robot as follows

A Robot is a reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks and used for Relief operations

In this Project, we are combining the Tanker with the Robot, and building a Smart Tanker Robot

We are going to build the live working Model, which will have the following features

• Live Working Mechanical Model of the Tanker Robot

• Wireless Tx / Rx with 433.92 MHz, ISM Band, 4 MHz Bandwidth, for Secured Communication

• Ultrasonic Sensors – Transceivers • PIR Sensor


ULTRASONIC SENSORS Ultrasonic occupant sensors activate a quartz

crystal that emits ultrasonic waves throughout space. The unit then senses the frequency of the reflected waves.

If there is motion, the reflected wave's frequency will shift slightly (Doppler effect). Ultrasonic sensors operate at frequencies that are above human sensitivity (20 kHz). Typical operating frequencies are 25, 30, and 40 kHzThe ultrasonic sound waves cover the entire area in a continuous fashion -- there are no blind spots or gaps in the coverage pattern


PIR SENSORPIR sensors are motion detectors, which can be

installed outside your home to detect human intrusion. This sensor detects changes in infrared heat, caused by human movement and immune to pets

Passive infrared (PIR) sensors react to the infrared heat energy emitted by people. PIR sensors are passive devices in that they only detect radiation; they do not emit it.

They are designed to be maximally sensitive to objects that emit heat energy at a wavelength of around 10 microns (the peak wavelength of the heat energy emitted by humans)


WIRELESS RFRadio Frequency A range of electromagnetic

frequencies above sound and below visible light, generally in the 30Khz to 300GHz range, used for all broadcast transmission including AM and FM radio, television, short-wave, microwave, and satellite transmissionsHigh Performance SAW based architecture with a maximum range of 100 feet at 4800 BPS data rate, with the operating frequency of 433.92 MHz, ISM Band and Amplitude Modulation


WHY ROBOTS• Quality Improvement• Improvement of

Working Environment• Better-Cost

Effectiveness• Flexibility to Change• Multi Specialty

Operations• Repeated Operations

can be Done

An Industrial Robot is a re-programmable device which is

designed to both manipulate and

transport parts, tools, or used for specialized

manufacturing implementations through variable

programmed motions for the performance of specific manufacturing

tasks

SPECIAL FEATURES & POWERS OF THE ROBOT

• WIRELESS MOVEMENTS – FORWARD, REVERSE, RIGHT & LEFT

• 360 DEGREE ROTATION – ANY ANGLE FREE MOVEMENTS FOR ALL AXES

• SENSORS – ULTRASONIC

• SENSORS - PIR

• OBSTACLE SENSING AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE

• DIRECTION SENSING

• PIC MICROCONTROLLER – FLASH & EEPROM


• MECHANICAL MODEL FOR REAL TIME OPERATIONS

• STEPPER MOTOR

• STEPPER POWER SUPPLY BOARD

• OPTOCOUPLER WITH STEPPER DRIVER BOARD

• SENSORS

• RS 232 CONVERTERS

• POWER SOURCE

• WIRELESS SOLUTIONS – RF


WIRELESS COMMUNICATION• The process using the Radio - Frequency spectrum for

Transmitting and Receiving Voice, Data and Video signals by which information(s) are shared is known as Wireless Communication

• Complete super regenerative RF Transmitter & Receiver Module operating @ 433.92 MHz

• Compact in Size & Model

• No External Components & No tuning is required

• High Performance SAW based architecture with a maximum range of 100 feet @ 4800 bps data rate

• Low Power Consumption

• RF Receiver Module - 433.92 MHz (FT-COM-RX2), Bandwidth–4 MHz

• RF Transmitter Module -433.92 MHz (FT-COM-TX2), Bandwidth – 4 MHz

ANATOMY OF A ROBOTThe Basic Components of a Robot System are

• The Mechanical linkage

• Actuators and Transmissions

• Sensors

• Controllers

• Stepper Motors

• User interface

• Power conversion unit


EMBEDDED SYSTEMSMICROCONTROLLERS

• Microcontroller is a highly integrated chip that contains all the components comprising a controller.

• Typically, this includes a CPU, RAM, some form of ROM, I/O ports, and timers. A Microcontroller is designed for a very specific task – to control a particular system.

• As a result, the parts can be simplified and reduced, which cuts down on production costs

BENEFITS OF EMBEDDED CONTROL DESIGN

• Eliminates necessity of complex circuitry• Smarter products• Smaller size• Lower cost• User friendly• State of the art technology

Using PIC Microcontroller

PIC16F87728/40-PIN 8-BIT CMOS FLASH MICROCONTROLLERS


MICROCONTROLLER CORE FEATURES• High performance RISC CPU• Only 35 single word instructions to learn• All single cycle instructions except for program branches which

are two cycle• Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input DC - 200 ns

instruction cycle• Up to 8K x 14 words of FLASH Program Memory, Up to 368 x 8

bytes of Data Memory (RAM), Up to 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM Data Memory

• Pinout compatible to the PIC16C73B/74B/76/77• Interrupt capability (up to 14 sources)• Eight level deep hardware stack

PIC Microcontroller

MICROCONTROLLER CORE FEATURES• Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes• Power-on Reset (POR)• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC oscillator for

reliable operation• Programmable code protection• Power saving SLEEP mode• Selectable oscillator options• Low power, high speed CMOS FLASH/EEPROM technology• Fully static design• In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) via two pins

PIC Microcontroller

MICROCONTROLLER CORE FEATURES• Single 5V In-Circuit Serial Programming capability• In-Circuit Debugging via two pins• Processor read/write access to program memory• Wide operating voltage range: 2.0V to 5.5V• High Sink/Source Current: 25 mA• Commercial, Industrial and Extended temperature

ranges• Low-power consumption: < 0.6 mA typical @ 3V, 4

MHz, 20 μA typical @ 3V, 32 kHz, < 1 μA typical standby current

PIC Microcontroller

PIC Microcontroller16F877

PIN DIAGRAM

PIC Microcontroller

PIC Microcontroller - Block Diagram

Smart tanker robot for security operations in the protected area with wireless secured communicat

Education

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