Smart Grid in Hawaii

1

Smart Grid Overview

Shari Ishikawa

UH REIS Seminar SeriesOctober 15, 2009

2

Agenda for Today

Smart Grid from a Utility Perspective

Dept of Energy (DOE) Smart Grid Information

Examples of Utility Smart Grid Activities

HECO’s Smart Grid Activities Cyber Security Issues

3

What is a Smart Grid?

Are utility grids dumb? No

Characteristics of Most Grids One way flow Supervisory Control and Data

Acquisition (SCADA) to substations or key elements on a circuit

Central Station Generation Passive Customer or Load

4

Electric System Overview

1. Generation

2. Transmission138,000V

3. Subtransmission

46,000V

Secondary

120/240V

4. Distribution25kV – 4kV

One Way Flow

5

Smart Grid Build Out Example

DMS

Remote Switches

OMS

GISPlant

Control Systems

EMS

SCADA

Relays

CIS

AMI

MDMS

Smart Home

6

Solutions Landscape: Elements

Communi-cations

Control

Analysis

In Plant (LAN)

Enterprise

Distribution SCADA Outage Mgmt Sys Mobile Work Force Mgmt

Energy Market Mgmt (O) Trans Network Analysis Op Training Simulator

Distributed Control System

Cell BPL µWave

PLC, WIFI, WIMAX BPL Manual

Dist Network Application Dist Training Simulator

Energy Market Management (P)

Gen Optimization

SCADA Auto Gen Control

Demand Side Mgmt/Response MDMS

Satellite Fiber

Auto Meter Reading DSM (Customer)

Dist Auto Cap Banks Switches

µWave Radio

Telephone Fiber Radio

Engineering & Planning (T&D)

Asset Performance Management System

Generation Planning Common Modeling Historical Information

Reclosers Tiered Cont. Xfrmrs

RTUs, Data Concentrators

GTs, CCP, ST, WP

Breakers Xfrmrs Volt Regs

Cap Banks FACTS/SVCs Environ

Transmission Distribution ConsumerGeneration

Dist Network Application Dist Training Simulator

Apparatus & Device

7

DOE Smart Grid Information

The Smart Grid is MORE:

Reliable Secure Economic Efficient Environmentally friendly Safe

For additional information, contactModern Grid Strategy Team

http://www.netl.doe.gov/moderngrid/

888

Principal Characteristics

The Smart Grid is “transactive” and will:

Enable active participation by consumers Accommodate all generation and storage options Enable new products, services, and markets Provide power quality for the digital economy Optimize asset utilization and operate efficiently Anticipate & respond to system disturbances (self-

heal) Operate resiliently against attack and natural

disaster

9

Smart Grid Technologies

Integration Science & Technology

Integration – biggest gap in today’s science & technology development

10

Smart Grid Key Technology Areas

Smart metersSmart sensors

• Operating parameters• Asset Condition

Wide area monitoring systems (WAMS)Dynamic rating of transmission lines

11


Applications that:•Monitor and collect data from sensors•Analyze data to diagnose and provide solutions•Real time and predictive•Determine and take action autonomously or via operators•Provide information and solutions to operators•Integrate with enterprise-wide processes and technologies

12


Next generation FACTS/PQ devicesAdvanced distributed generation and energy storagePHEV - V2G modeFault current limitersSuperconducting transmission cable & rotating machinesMicro-gridsAdvanced switches and conductors

13


Data reductionData to information to actionVisualizationSpeed of comprehensionSystem operator training

14


Smart metersSmart sensorsDemand ResponseDG dispatchDistribution automationMicro-gridsMarketsWork force managementMobile premises (PHEV’s)

15

Smart Grid Examples

Transmission System - Synchrophasors

16

Antenna Array – Ability to locate partial discharge in the substation

Waveform 1

Waveform 2

0 0.08 0.16 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.48 0.56 0.64 0.72 0.80 0.88 0.96 1.04 1.12 1.20 1.28-0.25

-0.2

-0.15

-0.1

-0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time (s)

ampl

itude

(V

)

17

Backscatter Sensors for low cost monitoring and problem identification

18

Standard Circuit Protection

Aqua 12KVBlue 12KV

Legend

Copper Connection

Single-mode fiber-optic

Multi-mode fiber-optic

Distribution Circuit

Substation Fence

RCS

RCS

Substation

RCS

N

LD

RCS

Blue 12KV1. Fault between Circuit Breaker and

Midpoint RCS (time = 0s)

2. Circuit Breaker Opens (time = <1s)

3. Circuit Breaker Tests circuit; test fails (time = 15s)

Process

4. Midpoint Switch Opens (t = 30s)

8. Fault is cleared/fixed

9. CB is closed to restore power to front half of circuit

10. Circuit is restored to normal

Circuit Breaker

5. Circuit Breaker tests circuit again; test fails; CB locks out (t = 55s)

6. Tie RCS is remotely closed to pick up back half of circuit.

7. Circuit is patrolled by Troubleman

19

Avanti 12KV Circuit Protection

Northpark 12KVSweetwater 12KV

Logic Processor

Legend

Copper Connection

Single-mode fiber-optic

Multi-mode fiber-optic

Distribution Circuit

Substation Fence

RCS 1088

RCI 1449

RCI 1453

ShandinSubstation

RCS 0769

N

LD

RAR 0989 RCI

1450

RCS 1365

Sweetwater 12KV1. Fault between RCI 1449 and

RCI 1453 (time = 0s)

2. Logic Processor Instructs RCI 1449 to Trip (time = <0.1s)

3. Logic Processor Instructs RCI 1453 to Isolate fault (time = .5s)

Process

4. Tie Switch to Sweetwater closes to restore back half of circuit (t = 1 min)

5. Fault is cleared/fixed

6. RCI 1449 is closed to restore power to front half of circuit

7. Avanti is restored to normal

Circuit Breaker

20

Scenario Analysis

HECO Baseline Information

HECO Model Development

(GE MAPS/PSLF)

Wind Forecasting

NREL

Oahu Transmission StudiesStead State Load Flow/

Transient Stability/Short Circuit

Steam GeneratorImprovements

Load Control

Standby/Quick StartGeneration

EMS/AGC CapabilityAnalysis(KEMA)

Oahu Routing Studyand Engineering

Design

Submarine CableArchitecture and

SpecificationsNREL

Wind ResourceModeling

NREL

PPA Negotiations/Interconnection

Requirements Study

Wind Capacity Calculation

Steam GeneratorProjects

EMS UpgradeProjects

Load ControlProjects

Future GeneratingResource Plan

Oahu TransmissionProjects

Submarine CableProcurement

and Permitting(HECO/DBEDT)

Integration of Variable GenerationFollow-on

Implementation

21

FOA 36 – Hawaii DREEM Demonstration

22

FOA 36 – Hawaii DREEM Demonstration (cont)

23

HE

CO

Cu

sto

me

r

Microgrid EMS

HECO EMS

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

HECO Communication

Microgrid Concepts

Solar

Wind

Battery Storage

Bio-Fueled Generator

Smart Home

Smart Building

HECO Transformer

24

HECO Smart Grid Activities

Conferences/Web Conferences Vendor presentations RFP for Smart Grid Activities Stimulus Funding Proposals

FOA 58 FOA 36

25

Example of HECO High Level Road Map

Preliminary HECO Smart Grid Road Map (Draft)

Mobilization/Preparation/RoadMap/Blueprint

Solidification of Smart Grid Methodology Full Deployment of Smart Grid Methodology

Communication System Build Out

• Research and test existing communication systems• Research and test cell wireless technology• Research and test other communication technologies• Utilize small RTU systems at distribution level or other technology

• Build on existing communication back bone (for transmission and distribution)• Utilizing cell wireless technology• Utilizing other communication technologies• Island Terrain may be a challenge for the communication infrastructure

• Build on existing communication back bone (for transmission and distribution)• Utilizing cell wireless technology• Utilizing other communication technologies• Island Terrain may be a challenge for the communication infrastructure

Cyber Security and Information

Technology Build Out

• Federal or State mandated cyber security standards/policies• Begin hardening the IT infrastructure for Operations Time Periods• Begin working on a Disaster Recovery Plan

• Federal or State mandated cyber security standards/policies• Continue hardening the IT infrastructure for Operations Time Periods• Disaster Recovery Plan in Place

• Federal or State mandated cyber security standards/policies• Continue hardening the IT infrastructure for Operations Time Periods• Disaster Recovery Plan in Place

Transmission System • Energy Management System• Transmission System Storage/Devices line• EMS modifications

Central Station Generation System

• Preparing units for variable generation • Preparing units for different modes of operation

Distribution System • Distribution SCADA• Begin Distribution Automation

• Distribution Management System• Build out of distribution SCADA• Continued Distribution Automation

Customer Level

• AMI/AMR• CIS o Interfaces with AMI o Interfaces with the Customer• Consumer Education Tools

• Advanced AMI/AMR• Advanced CIS• Consumer Education Tools• Advamced OMS

Planning Tools• Wind forecasting/solar forecasting tools• Generation, Transmission, Distribution Planning Tools

• Advanced Planning Tools for new technologies

26

Operational Issues to Consider

Variable Renewable Generation 2-way flow of electricity

Safety Equipment protection Complexity

Distribution systems are not networked Riding Through Disturbances Islanding and Reconnecting

Cyber Security/Physical Security http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/

Smart Grid in Hawaii

Education

Transcript of Smart Grid in Hawaii