SMART CITY : IMPRESSIONS & IMPLICATIONS

S G DESHMUKH ABV-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GWALIOR

Harmony 2016: Foundation day of Smartcontrols

2 Nov 2016

Key talking points .. • Context

• Various views about Smart city

• Planners view

• Ar hite t’s ie

• Business view

• IT view

• Citize ’s ie

• Sustainability view

• Impressions & Insights

• Various implications

• Concluding observations

Let us get back into History !! Evolution of revolutions..

First Industrial

revolution Introducing mechanical

production machines

powered by water and

steam/ Mechanization

Second Industrial

revolution Introducing mass

production

lines powered by

electric

energy

Third industrial

revolution Through the use of

electronics

and IT further

progression in

autonomous production

Fourth Industrial

revolution Based on cyber-

physical-

Systems

Mass customization ?

Steam Power/Mechanical

Energy

Electrical Energy ICT ? IOT

End of 18th Century Start of 20th Century Early 7 ’s 2012-

Let us get into present: Smart regime..

Smart

Phones

Smart

Homes

Smart

Vehicles

Smart

factory

Smart City

Technology

Push

Market

Pull

Context

• As the global population continues to grow, the migration of people from rural to urban areas has been on the rise.

• Estimated that urban population shall double by 2050 with urban residents in India alone numbering 843 million.

• Cities thus act as ‘engines to economic growth’ • To accommodate the massive urbanization cities need to find ways to increase efficiency,

manage complexity and improve quality of life- Develop into Smart Cities.

Smart City Mission :Prof K C Iyer,(IIT Delhi) at , Keynote address at

Bhagalpur College of Engineering, Bhagalpur/ 26th August 2016

My presentation based on

A Vision of smatter cities by IBM

http://www-03.ibm.com/press/attachments/IBV_Smarter_Cities_-_Final.pdf

Smart cities: A Siemens perspective

http://www.clines-project.eu/gestor/recursos/uploads/archivos/Siemens_VolkerHessel_CLINES_13Jun14.pdf

Building Smart Cities: Analytics, ICT, and Design Thinking

By Carol L. Stimmel, 2015 ,Auerbach Publications/ CRC press

Elephant & Six blind men …

Views of elephant

• Planners view

• Ar hite t’s ie

• Business view

• IT view

• Citize ’s ie

• Sustainability view

Smart City..

• Smartness in a city means different thing to different people – smart design, smart utilities, smart transport etc.

• The basic definition of a smart city is a city with smart physical, social, institutional and economic infrastructure which ensures centrality of

citizens in a sustainable environment.

Parameters of Smart Cities • Competitiveness refers to a ity’s a ility to reate e ploy e t

opportunities, attract investments, experts, professionals and people. The ease of being able to do business and the quality of life it offers determines its competitiveness. (Planners view, Business View, IT View)

• Sustainability includes social sustainability, environmental sustainability and financial sustainability (Architects view, Sustainability view)

• Quality of Life includes safety and security, inclusiveness, entertainment, ease of seeking and obtaining public services, cost efficient healthcare, quality education, transparency, accountability and opportunities for participation in governance Citize ’s ie

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Planners view: Pillars of a Smart City • Institutional Infrastructure, Social Infrastructure, Economic Infrastructure and Physical

Infrastructure form the four pillars on which a smart city rests.

• It aims to integrate the use of technology into these components and improve their efficiency.

Pillars of a Smart City

• Institutional Infrastructure refers to the activities that relate to governance, planning and management of a city and includes the participatory systems of governance, e-governance, inclusive governance, the sense of safety and security and the opportunities for creativity.

• Social Infrastructure relate to those components that work towards developing the human and social capital, such as the education, healthcare, entertainment etc.

• Physical Infrastructure refers to the services such as housing, urban mobility system, sewage system etc. all integrated with the use of technology.

• Economic Infrastructure relates to the potential of the city to attract investments and economic centers such as IT Parks, Skill development centers etc.

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Smart Cities – Indian initiative

• The concept of smart cities has been fairly a new one in India.

• The Go er e t’s a ou e e t to uild s art ities – New impetus to the concept with the idea being discussed in the public sphere.

• Gwalior is one of them !

• The Ministry of Urban Development is anchoring this initiative

• An agreement has been reached with the USA, Germany Japan and UK to collaborate on the project.

Architect’s view

• Compact city

• Appropriate strategy for zoning

• Energy efficient /green buildings

• Commercial and residential clusters

• Minimum distance to commute

• Use of local material

• Appealing aesthetics keeping heritage (like for Gwalior !)in mind

• Transportation network in line with the local needs (Bada , Hazira!)

Observations.. • Today's world : Hyper-connected

• Today’s citizen: Highly demanding, conscious of rights/duties, environmentally sensitive,

part of democratic set up

• Today’s city- Congested, huge demand on resources, fragmented

• Tomorrow’s city – Mobile, Hyper- Smart and Sustainable

• Internet of Things (IoT) : Network of physical objects—devices, vehicles, buildings and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity—that enables these objects to collect and exchange data.

source-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things

Business view

• Smart city as a competitive business unit

• Hub of commercial activities

• Able to attract investors due to tremendous opportunities & quality infrastructure

• Entrepreneurial spirit

• Employment generation possibilities

• Connectivity with others

Insights ..1..

•City – a microcosm of world, community living, hub of commercial activity, wealth generator

•Across the globe, governments, industrial federations, and corporations have recognized the significance of creating their own added value through production. For this urbanization and migration to city is inevitable !

•O e a ’t sustai u less ities are stro g ! •Co ept : syste s !

IT View Smart dimensions

• Smart governance

• Smart economy

• Smart mobility

• Smart environment

• Smart people

• Smart living

Indicative disruptive technologies responsible for smartness

• Analytics and Big Data

• Mobile technology

• AI & Robotics

• Cloud Computing

• Social networking

Four big forces ?

• Digitalisation

• Personalization

• Localization

• Democratization

Four big forces..

• Digitalisation of la d re ords, itize ’s i for atio , atural resour es health records, crime record etc. effective quality control at multiple and remote locations

• Personalisation of services tailored for individual users and

user‐frie dly enhanced services

• Localisation of services, point of contact, and material use for quick response, and environmental sustainability

• Democratisation of civic service chain through enhanced participation from administration, citizens , service providers and industry partners

Scheme of things

22

Internet of things

Digitized

Business

Smart products Smart City

…Digitized Administration

Digitized services

Product

innovation

Process

innovation

Intelligent

systems

Cloud and AI

based

networking

Insights ..2..

• New organization of value chains based on networks of

stakeholders .

• On the one hand through vertical network distribution, of

infrastructure and services (smart utilities, health, building etc.)

• On the other hand through horizontal network distribution

between Government, citizens and service providers

• Value chains generate hybrid entities (Part material/ part service

part knowledge)

• City administration : Service orientation ? 23

Citizen’s view

• Preservation of culture & values ! (relevant to Gwalior !)

• Context and culture specific – IT helps in this !!

• Accessibility & reach

• Mobility

• Quality infrastructure

• Citize ’s parti ipatio i de isio aki g - Crowdsourcing

• Quality of service –healthcare/education/utilities etc.

• Responsive civic administration

Expectations of citizen.

• adequate water supply,

• assured electricity supply,

• sanitation, including solid waste management, iv. efficient urban mobility and public transport,

• affordable housing, especially for the poor, vi. robust IT connectivity and digitalization,

• good governance, especially e-Governance and citizen participation,,

• safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly, and

• health and education.

Sustainability view

• Economic, Environmental & Social sustainability

• Attractive business opportunities which are sustainable

• Carbon footprint • A Low Carbon City ensures high living standards while increasing the (carbon) efficiency with which goods and

servi es are produ ed a d used. This i plies the redu tio of dire t a d i dire t ity’s ar o e issio s

• Green and energy efficient technologies

• Minimum damage to mother earth

• Social infrastructure

• Care for elderly

• Care for physically challenged

• Synergistic co-existence / communities of practice

Implications ..1.. Change in orientation

• From compartmentalized to interdisciplinary

• From pure administrative to service

• From control & command to empower & enable

• From push to pull

• From Reactive to Responsive

Implications ..2.. Networking

• Smart city presents a big opportunity to have an enterprise view of city where there will be a strong degree of coupling between Cyber and Physical world!.

• Integration of IT and Non-IT view

• The entire city can be visualized and controlled through apps available on smart devices - remotely controlled yet at the ground level .

• Networking of institutions, stakeholders and partners !

• The city will be smart, social and sustainable !

Implications ..3.. Quality of workforce

• Habitat for both-production as well as service opportunties

• Rapid change of necessary skills/capabilties

• Creation of new jobs for high skilled workers in the areas of design,

planning, configuration and maintenance of the new technologies

• Innovative ways of control and monitoring of behavior and

performance

• Increased expections regarding quality of life

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Implications ..4.. For educational institutes

• Institutes must develop strong linkages with industry to understand and appreciate and gear themselves for meaningful R&D in collaboration with industry

• The discipline boundaries such as civil, electrical, mechanical etc must vanish so as to appreciate and understand integrated solutions as desired by the society

• Digital disruptions are going to revolutionize our view of city and consequent need to develop trained manpower for the same.

• This calls for strong curriculum review.

• Mechanisms to upgrade skills need to be established in conjunction with industry & business

• Smart city provides a canvas for collapsing discipline boundaries

SMART..

• Sustainable

• Meaningful

• Achievable

• Relevant

• Tractable

• “ art ’ - Investments in human and social capital and traditional Physical and modern IT infrastructure is done with a wise management of natural resources to add value for better quality of life

Observations.. • Smart cities must incorporate people-centric approach

What akes a ity "s art" is ’t just the IT , ut the s art use of IT to sol e a city's most pressing issues. We must identify the right pain points and leverages the gain points (such as tourist potential in Gwalior !)

• Smart cities must start with the needs /aspirations and expectations of citizens,; they should build new services through citizen-centered design, putting citizen first.

• Cities need to learn from and work with each other and.

• IT industry to lead the next generation of initiatives that will drive the greatest benefits for all.

Concluding observations..

Smart city allows integration of various views.

Opportunity to work seamlessly

Opportunity to look from a systems perspective

A city becomes smart when the human and social capital investments, the

traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) infrastructures, foster sustainable

economic growth and an high quality of life, through an efficient

management of natural resources and a participatory governance.

(Nijkamp et al., 2009)

.

Acknowledgement

• Prof K C Iyer (incharge-Planning, IIT Delhi)

• Dr Kota Harinarayana (Chairman, BOG, IIITDM Jabalpur)

• Mr Baba Kalyani (CMD, Bharat Forge )

My special thanks to Mr Ashutosh Chinchalkar (Business Head,Smart Controls, Gwalior)

Thank you

deshmukh.sg@gmail.com