Smart Charging & the ChargeTO Pilot Slides from Webinar

Smart-Charging & The ChargeTO PilotMatt Stevens, Ph.D., CEO

EMC Webinar Series

ChargeTO PilotWho, What, When, ….and Why

Charging WithoutSmart-Charging

Charging WithSmart-Charging1 2 3

ChargeTODriving EV Adoption

CrossChasm & FleetCarma ClarificationTwo names - one team

Enterprise Grade

Connected Car Platforms

Electric Vehicle

Connected Car Platforms

Focuses on developing best-in-world connected car technology for OEMs

and technology developers

Focuses on driving EV adoption by reducing purchasing barriers and

improving the ownership experience

A single team supports both product lines and the names are used interchangeably.

Smart-charging systems fall under the FleetCarma umbrella.


Charging WithSmart-Charging1 2 3ChargeTO Pilot

Who, What, When, ….and Why


Funded through the Ontario Ministry of Energy’s Smart Grid Fund.

The project team includes:

• Ministry of Energy

• Toronto Hydro

• AddÉnergie Technologies

• FleetCarma (aka CrossChasm)

Networked EVSE partner:

Who… Part 1Project Partners


Who… Part 2Project Partners

And the most important project partners -

30 EV Owners from Toronto

Participants had to:

• Own an EV & live in TH service area

• Have an existing L2 EVSE installed

• Be willing to have their charge controlled

For participating they received:

• Free Core+ AddÉnergie EVSE

• Free FleetCarma EV device (myEV after)

And a thank you to Plug’n Drive who assisted on the recruitment efforts.

Had over 100 people register for the 30 spots.


Now!Now!Now!

Dumb Charging Scheduled Charging Smart Charging

Charging begins as soon as you plug in.

Charging is delayed until a preset start time or to finish at a specific

end time (ie. low time-of-use rates)

Charging may begin immediately but can be reduced/delayed based

upon external factors.

Partial control may be given to 3rd

party (ie. utility or building)

What…Smart-Charging Intro


DriverPreferences

Control Pathways

What…How the system works

AddÉnergieBack-End

FleetCarma Charge Management

Controller

Utility Command Signal

(Max Power Request)

The EV owner “sets & forgets” their needs & auto-enroll criteria in the FleetCarma portal.

Using the FleetCarma logger clipped in the vehicle the system can determine the needs of each EV owner. The system then automatically queues charging if the grid needs it.

The system ensures the vehicle is fully charged by a specific time (TCIN).

By taking the EV owner needs as the primary objective the risk to the EV owners is minimized, which results in easier recruitment of participants.


When…Project Timing

The 15-month project is split into four phases, starting in Nov 2014 and concluding in Jan 2016.

The project is currently slightly ahead of schedule and under budget.

As a result two additions have been made:

1. Inclusion of a variable incentive plan for an initial evaluation of incentive effectiveness.

2. Inclusion of additional reporting for CDM reimbursement (focused on accurate attribution)


Why…Theoretical Benefits of Smart-Charging

Cost Savings Revenue Opportunities

Frequency Regulation

Operating Reserves

Reduction of GHG intensity (integration with renewables)

Time of Use Rates

Reduced Demand Charges

Capacity Upgrade Costs(facility, distribution, or transmission)

Depending on the specific electricity market and application the main cost/revenue drivers will vary.





Operating Reserves


Time of Use Rates




Ex. Residential charging in a market with nearly 100% hydro (ie. Residential charging in Quebec)





Operating Reserves


Time of Use Rates




Ex. Workplace charging in a market with nearly 100% hydro (ie. Workplace charging in BC)



Cost Savings

Time of Use Rates




Ex. Workplace charging in a market with nuclear power, renewables, and GHG cap & trade being introduced (ie. Workplace charging in Ontario)

Revenue Opportunities


Operating Reserves



And what we are hearing from fleets

“We are interested in smart charging because demand charges are starting to make the EV ROI difficult”

~ US private company

“At some point we will not be able to install a charging station for every EV we add to the fleet”

~ Canadian municipality

“Adding 20 more EVs will cost us $150K in service upgrade costs” ~ US municipality


Why…ChargeTO (this pilot)

All of the theoretical benefits of smart-charging rely on one assumption…

That EV owners will permit reasonable access to their charging.

Strong work has been done to track what EV and potential EV owners say they would be willing to do.

--

ChargeTO seeks to answer the following questions with real EV owners that are actually being curtailed:

1. How comfortable are EV owners with controlled charging in the FleetCarma system?

2. What is the average kW/vehicle of curtailment capacity that is available to the utility (per hr of day)?

3. How does the average kW/vehicle of curtailment capacity vary by EV owner type?

4. What is the $ of curtailment value per vehicle?

5. How does the $ of curtailment value per vehicle vary by EV owner type?


Baseline Charging BehaviourAverage Charging Load Heatmap


Typical Peak Loads – 5:00-8:00 pm No charging timer

Baseline Charging Behaviour“Dumb” Charging

50% of ChargeTOParticipants


Second “EV Peak” – 12:30-5:00 am With a charging timer

Baseline Charging Behaviour“Delayed - Start” Charging



Second “EV Peak” – 1:00-5:00 am With a charging timer

Baseline Charging Behaviour“Delayed - Departure” Charging



February 23-27 (Work-Week) February 21-22 (Weekend)

Baseline Charging BehaviourFeb 2015 – Average Charging Load


16 MW peak(June 2019)

Baseline Charging DataResulting EV Charging Load in Toronto Hydro Service Area Based on Participant’s Actual Data

Current & Predicted Electric Vehicle Charging Loads in Toronto Hydro Service Area


4%4%

13%

26%

52%

Pure Commuter

Commuter with Daytime trips

Commuter with Evening trips

Commuter with Both Daytime andEvening trips

Unpredictable

Baseline Driving DataVariances in driving style


Baseline Charging DataSummary

1. Driving behaviour varies by owner

2. Charging needs (kWh) vary by owner

3. Baseline charge behaviour (immediate/delayed) vary by owner

4. Baseline charge behaviour varies by day

5. Baseline charge behaviour varies by model

Also, assuming the participants’ actual charging behaviour is representative of all Toronto EV owners:

1. Current charging load in Toronto peaks at ~1MW.

2. Charging load has multiple peaks. The most prominent one varies by month (ie. ~7:30pm for Feb).

3. Charging load in Toronto is predicted to rise to 16MW in under four years.


Smart-ChargingEV Owner View/Preferences

The EV owner view is responsive so that it is easily viewed on a mobile devices.

There are three “knobs” for the EV owners to turn.

This will be described in detail on the next slide.


Smart-ChargingEV Owner View/Preferences

The EV Owner expresses their needs/interests in the following three steps:

1. Only consider me for curtailment if my SOC is above…

2. And you can have me fully charged by…

3. And I haven’t hit the 24hr opt-out button.

So…

If I’m above the min-SOC, and you can have me fully charged by when I need, and I haven’t hit the 24hr opt-out, then I’m available for curtailment.


Smart-ChargingRaw-Data Export From a Curtailed Charging Event

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SOC

(%

)

Ch

arge

r P

ow

er (

kW)

Charge Duration [min]

Charger Power SOC

Unthrottled

Throttled

Stopped

Slightly throttled

Natural charge completion


Smart-ChargingThe Utility View

Only shows charging station location to protect EV owner privacy

(info utility already has)The utility max load request

27kW of curtailment last night


Smart-ChargingIncentive Plan

Group 1: Opt-in Incentive(+$0.50 for each day opted-in)

Group 2: Opt-out Incentive(-$0.50 for each day opted-out)

How can we most efficiently make vehicles more available for curtailment?

1) Three reward options: personal (gift certificate), social (kiva.org), environmental (bullfrog)2) Two incentive groups, compared to a control group with no incentive:


Smart-ChargingBaseline min-SOC threshold


Top 3 Reasons for Joining ChargeTO Pilot

• Desire to help advance EV adoption, sustainability, etc. (10 responses)

• Free Level 2 AddEnergie EVSE (8 responses)

• Access to vehicle monitoring data (4 responses)

Most Common Comment about the Smart-Charging Portal:

• It was easy to use, no issues. (14 responses)

Other Common Comments and Trends

• Weekly or seasonal changes in driving patterns

• Interested in TOU pricing or already use a charging timer (10 responses)

Smart-Charging Participant InterviewsSome Highlights


“With the Smart-Charging system in place the way that it is, do you feel comfortable that you will have charge when you need it once we begin curtailment testing?”

Smart-Charging Participant InterviewsComfort with the FleetCarma Smart-Charging System

88%

8%4%

Yes No Somewhat

~90% of participants are comfortable with the existing auto-enroll criteria.


1) Incentive phase and analysis of incentive results (Oct. & Nov.)

2) Finalize reporting feature in portal for CDM reimbursement (Oct.)

3) Final charge optimization testing (Dec.)

4) Final participant interviews (Dec.)

5) Uninstall FleetCarma C5 vehicle loggers, swap for myEV units (Jan. 2016)

6) Data analysis and final reporting (Jan. 2016)

ChargeTOSteps between now and completion


100

ChargeTOThe Four Most Important Results to Date

days of active curtailment

reports of “the system curtailed me & I wasn’t fully charged on time”

(a few EVSE installation issues though…)

0reduction in daily

peak charging load.

This is the % of peak load that can be shed every night.

51% 85%temporary reduction in peak charging load

This is load that can be shed for a

temporary period (<1hr)

Extrapolating to the June 2019 values this would represent an active daily management curtailable load of 10MW, with the ability to curtail up to 14MW for periods of up to an hour.


We’re excited to announce the following upcoming projects:

• NB Power Fleet Smart-Charging Project (in cooperation with Siemens)

• Burlington Hydro Residential Smart-Charging Project

• Oakville Hydro Residential Smart-Charging Project

• BC Hydro Fleet Smart-Charging Project (in cooperation with Powertech)

These projects are partially supported by SDTC and will include the addition of OpenADR compliance for the FleetCarma Smart-Charging System.

What is next?Upcoming Canadian Projects

5

6 42

Canada

USAU.K. Germany

Electric Vehicle Devices DeployedIn 23 countries with 150+ clients

Smart Charging Projects17 projects in 4 countries

Smart Charging Deployments+ residential+ workplace+ fleet


Thank youA few folks we want to wish a big thank you to…

A big thank you to:

• The participants of the ChargeTO Program

• Ministry of Energy for supporting the program through SGF

• Toronto Hydro and AddÉnergie for being great project partners

• Plug’n Drive for helping promote the program

• Jen, Simone, Sunny, and the rest of the FleetCarma team for all the work on this project

• EMC for hosting this webinar

• NBPower, Burlington Hydro, Oakville Hydro, BC Hydro, Powertech, and SDTC.

And….


Matt Stevens, Ph.D.

[email protected]

519.404.5987 (cell)

Thank you for your time!

Thank you for your time!We’re looking for partners to end a world of dumb charging. Interested in teaming up?

My motivation…

5,534 days until her 16th

birthday

Smart Charging & the ChargeTO Pilot Slides from Webinar

Automotive

Transcript of Smart Charging & the ChargeTO Pilot Slides from Webinar