SMART ALLEY: A Platform for Sharing Experience in a...

SMART ALLEY: A Platform for Sharing Experience in aCommunity Space Augmented by UrbanMedia

Sun-Young Jang1, Sung-Ah Kim2

1,2Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of [email protected] [email protected]

This research proposed an urban platform designed to facilitate the sharing ofcommunity experience in the spatial context of traditional 'alley'. 'Smart Alley'refers to a smart space in which various urban media, supported with IoTtechnologies, interplays so that the creation and consumption of media contentleads to vivid social interactions in this specific urban space. The proposed urbanplatform is driven by the Content Management System (CMS). An urban ontologyworks as a logic model of the CMS. This paper focused on the conceptualizationand design of both CMS and ontology modules within the smart alley framework.Outcomes from the 'Smart Alley Workshop' are presented, which was conductedto develop smart services to utilize the smart alley platform.

Keywords: Smart City, Urban Media, Urban Ontology, Ubiquitous Computing

BACKGROUNDSharing has become a mainstream urban culture.Sharing services such as Couch surfing, Airbnb, andCar sharing turned out to be even profitable busi-ness models in addition that they proved the poten-tial of cooperative consumption culture. In fact, asurprisingly wide range of tangible or intangible re-sources can be shared, including physical things, ser-vices, knowledge, even ordinary daily activities (din-ing, nurturing, and so on). Experience is somethingintangible, yet it has a significant value in shapingourlife. Experience itself is a personal mental process,whereas it is also perceived as a significant social cap-ital (Pine & Gilmore, 1999). In a sense, one of majorfunctions of a city is to provide an environment to de-velop each individual and society by giving them theopportunity to learn lessons from shared experience(Landry, 2006). The society, in this way, becomes lessvulnerable to recurring failure and problems, consol-

idating sound social intelligence.The booming-up of experience sharing culture

may be attributed to the proliferation of Social Net-work Service (SNS). However, sharing experiencehas been around as an important function of urbanspace. Bulletin boards on the street or artefacts inmuseums and historical sites are typical cases. Com-pared with those, the experience sharing in smartcity could be more systematic when augmented bysmart devices, interactive urban media and plat-forms. This smart environment provides more real-time and information-rich experience sharing. D-Tower, for example, was a remarkable media installa-tion representing collective emotions of citizens [1].EcoMap was one of many similar endeavors of shar-ing environmental footprint to raise the awarenesson sustainable lifestyles [2].

However, most precedents were too limited toinduce significant social interaction or social engage-

Towards Smarter Cities - Applied - Volume 1 - eCAADe 33 | 529

ment beyond just sharing information. They havetried to facilitate the construction of ad hoc networkfor wide range of people. Moreover, creating com-munication of community through continuous feed-back is still difficult, because they do not reflect lo-cal identity, problems, and issues. In order to addressthese problems, psychological factors rooted in localplace should be considered.

Among various types of urban space, 'alley' pos-sesses rich human contexts that cross over commu-nity experiences, cultural and historical stories. Thefunction of alley has long been considered profoundin the East Asia including Korea. As the alley is aplace where various events of daily life occur in thisculture, it is not possible to fully understand the re-gional substance until taking a closer look at the al-ley. Therefore, to utilize unique resources of the alleymay create better social network, support activitiesof resident, and reflect features of the community.By resolving the lack of storytelling content in exist-ing U-City smart service (Kim et al., 2007; Ringas andChristopoulou, 2013), this smart space framework fo-cusingon the sharing experiencemay strengthen thebusiness opportunity as well as cultural reinventionof the important urban element, alley, in Korea.

OBJECTIVESThe objective of this research is to design an urbanplatform that facilitates the sharing experiences ofthe community. The urban platform is especially cus-tomized to work with the space type, 'alley'. It willeventually communicate with various urban mediaand smart devices through the IoT technologies em-bedded in the smart alley. At the conceptual level,to facilitate sharing experience, the platform will col-lect experiential content from various people andresources, and then convey the content via urbanmedia. Therefore, multilateral management of con-tent (collection, processing, sharing, etc.) should bea main function, and Content Management System(CMS) be presented as a core element of the urbanplatform. This paper concentrates on the structure ofCMS and its backend ontology. The urban ontology

plays an important role in reorganization and system-atization of related information and content of SmartAlley. By analyzing previous research works, this pa-per outlines the urban ontology for Smart Alley.

The city government of Seoul announced tocarry out 'Seoul IoT development project' by 2020.The aim of project is to foster digital city and solvethe urban problems (safety, traffic, tourism, environ-ment, etc.) by using IoT technology. A pilot projectwill be launched in the 'Bukchon' area as a start-upand the city will extend the project scope by stages.Accordingly, the Bukchon draws attention as a testbed for IoT technologies. This research suggests theBukchon as a specific area to apply Smart Alley con-cept considering its social conditions. The Bukchonis a unique area where well-preserved cultural her-itage coexists with daily life, while many problemsoccur among stakeholders. Consequently, the pro-posedurbanplatform should bedesigned to supportactivities of stakeholders by considering both prob-lems and potentials of this area. This research pro-poses urbanplatformandpromising services special-ized to the context of Bukchon. The application wasdeduced by 'Smart Alley Workshop' that was con-ducted to cultivate creative ideas about smart urbanservices based on the understanding of ambient ur-ban media. 21 postgraduate students participatedin this workshop. And they explored the possibili-ties about how Smart Alley works effectively in urbancontext.

CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS)FOR SMART ALLEYBased on the concept of 'alley as a platform', theSmart Alley proposes transforming an urban space,alley, into a smart space by coordinating IoT tech-nologies. Thus, the alley becomes an augmentedplace facilitating the information sharing and inter-actions among people. The CMS (Content Manage-ment System) is at the core of the platform. TheCMS is a system toprovide a knowledge-base for pro-ducing, processing, management, and sharing of thecontent in this urban platform. The content covers

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diverse topics including humanities, living & culture,and history of a place. The ultimate goal is to enablesharing experience by circulating value-added con-tent between users. This chapter presents the CMSas an essential element to implement the Smart Alleythrough the Bukchon case, more specifically; 1) thestructure and elements; 2) design and implementa-tion of the CMS.

The Bukchon Hanok village located in Seoul hasrich cultural and historical context sharing the riseand fall of Chosundynasty for 600 years. Ever increas-ing tourists from all over the world visit this placenowadays toenjoy theunique sightof almost 900 tra-ditional houses with actual residents, and closely ex-perience traditional culture from the shops such asmaster craftsman workshop. This situation createda business-wise success as a result, giving birth tomany commercial shops and restaurants within thevicinity. However, the Bukchon is a unique village stillinhabited by real residents, different from other pre-served districts of Hanok. The residents suffer frominvasion of privacy, noise, and illegal trash disposalby indiscreet tourists. On the other hand, visitorscomplain the lack of tour content and amenities inthis area. Local business owners concern the com-mercializationby franchise storeswhile theprofit fallsshort of their expectation. While the Bukchon hascultural and historical potentials to attract tourists asa unique area, many problems as mentioned aboveexist among stakeholders. The city government ofSeoul initiates a plan to introduce IoT technologies

in the Bukchon area as a part of the 'Seoul digitalcomprehensive plan 2020' The Bukchon, within thisscheme, has a plan to carry out 'Bukchon walkingnavigation' as a part of a pilot project for the IoT ap-plication. 'Bukchon walking navigation' is a multi-lingual audio guidance system delivered through asmartphone app to help visitors experience streetevents and cultural facilities (ex. artisan workshopand traditional house). Furthermore, Seoul city hasa plan to distribute this app to users which will in-terplay with the Beacons in the Bukchon are andthe 'Smart Tour Guide' application. The 'Smart TourGuide' has been already operated by Korea TourismOrganization (KTO). This integrated service can be es-pecially useful for foreigners, but fails to address theproblems and situations of the Bukchon enough, asdiscussed in Bukchon IoT expert forum [3]. More-over, since the functions of the service are merely toprovide location information by government agencyunilaterally, the drawback is the lack of variety andsustainability of the content. For this reason, the sus-tainability of the service by the participation of thestakeholders gets priority when the urban platformis designed.

Seoul city plans to scale up the IoT applicationbusiness to the whole city after conducting the pilotproject in the Bukchon. However, experts point outthat the plan should not be approached in the frame-work of test bed case, because the Bukchon is an ac-tual residential area. The Bukchon needs to providedwith proper technologies only after sufficiently un-

Figure 1Jeon-ju storytellingmap (made byJeon-ju KoreaTraditional LifeExperience Park)(left), Theinteractions amongstakeholders byStorytelling Map(right)


derstanding the demands of stakeholders; It shouldnot be an integration of high cost services in a largeurban space.

This proposal is to implement a CMS specializedto the context of Bukchon orchestrating relevant IoTtechnologies. The 'Storytelling Map' is a key applica-tion driven by the CMS. Figure 1 (left) is an exampleof the storytelling map. The map illustrates 'Jeon-juHanok village' that is a traditional house district simi-lar to Bukchon. This map includes historical informa-tion regarding the village and its buildings. It alsocontains life stories about events of the elderly, thelocation and history of old restaurants, and populardating courses from the old days. Updated every fewyears, this map helps visitors understand this area byproviding the useful information to experience. Ex-tending the concept of its predecessor, the DigitalStorytellingMapworksmore than a typical electronicmap. It enables people to communicate and sharecontent by using urbanmedia in real time. While theprevious storytellingmap is paper based one that re-quires reprinting for update, the 'Digital StorytellingMap' can providemore lively and various informationin real time. The aim of this new map is to supportcommunity life more smart and convenient by shar-ing content easily about culture, history, and living ofthe village.

Figure 1 (right) presents positive effects causedby the 'Digital Storytelling Map' among the stake-holders. The 'Digital Storytelling Map' provides cus-tomized contextual information of a place based onthe map. Mainly being populated with small-scaletraditional houses, the alleys of Bukchon area haveformed a labyrinthine pattern. It is also difficult tofigure out specific landmarks as the heights of thebuildings are more or less identical. The map hasbeen a simple and effective tool to get informationabout the points of interests in a city. The storytellingmap additionally provides more anthropogeograph-ical informationwith the help of its user-created con-tents.

The Digital Storytelling Map is one of service ap-plications that can be choreographed by the CMS.

The structure and components of CMS are illustratedin Figure 2. Urban platform consists of programmod-ules including Data Classification Module, OntologyModel, and CMS. Ontologymodel plays an importantpart to provide logic model to process media con-tent requested by user interactions. CMS createsme-dia content by reconfiguring content source of DataCloud and knowledge structure of Content Organi-zation Ontology. The media content is converted toproper formats adaptive to specific media configu-rations by Media Stream Converter. The combina-tion of media content presents to user at StorytellingMap by mapping onto geographic information viaGIS Mapper.

Figure 2ContentManagementSystem (CMS)

Figure 3 is a diagram of data flow between eachstakeholder and the system. With focusing on theProcess of big circles, three types of Agents (Visitor,Resident, and Business) participate 'Content Collec-tion' and receive proper rewards to each Agents. Forexample, by contributing user-created content, visi-tors can gain coupons or millage to purchase goodsfrom local shops and acquire a priority to share theplace offered by residents. Residents may take a freeparking space by participating the open house cam-paign (ex, opening toilet, inner court, main flooredroom, etc. to visitors). Due to increasing visitors, eventhe residents of Bukchon suffer from the shortageof parking space. Moreover, due to its characteris-


Figure 3Data Flow Diagram

tic spatial structure of the traditional houses, enclos-ing walls often obstruct visitors who want to look atthe unique and original design of inner space. There-fore, opening and sharing space by Resident can bea special experience to the visitor. Residents help lo-cal business owners by providing promotional infor-mation to visitor spontaneously, Business owners canreturn part of their profit for the maintenance of tra-ditional houses and IoT facilities.

The content contributed by three agents isstored in the 'Collected Content DB' in the form ofraw digital data such as text, image, and movie file.Every user has an access to this data though search-ing and browsing specific content by themes or key-words. As the event factor to enhance participation,the Beacon devices based on Bluetooth are installedin each point of Smart Alley. To facilitate the partici-pation in the formof special event, passers-bymaybeprovided with thematic movies on the contact withBluetooth-basedbeaconson the street. The thematicmovie is a short video of 3˜5 seconds by sequences,and use data in 'Collected Content DB'. The visitor cancollect and store several thematic movies about theBukchon to his/her smart device from various spotsof the alley during walking and sightseeing.

Visitors may open these short movies through

mobile application of the Bukchon 'Digital Story-telling Map', and participate in 'Content Processing'on the spot. And they select and combine few shortmovies by intention, and generate a new content bytheir own. The generated content is mapped onto'Digital Storytelling Map'. Anyone can give recom-mendation scores or opinions on this content withinthe 'Digital Storytelling Map', and share this contenton other websites as in typical SNS apps.

The three Agents can share opinion and infor-mation via 'CommunicationManagement' that is alsomapped onto 'Digital Storytelling Map' in related lo-cation. 'Storytelling Map Management' renders gen-eral information of the place by referring to 'Knowl-edge Information DB' and 'Geographic InformationDB', and also illustrates various information togetherof each place by mapping to 'Collected Content DB','Processed Content DB', and 'Communication DB'.

URBANONTOLOGYThe Urban ontology is constructed by analyzing en-vironments, functions, and interactions of Smart Al-ley. As a main element of the proposed CMS, theurban ontology plays a critical role in reorganizationand systematization of related information and con-tent of Smart Alley. An ontology model should de-


fine a paradigm or a view of the world of the model,not merely the relations of objects. And throughthe consistent perspective, related objects are de-ducted, and connections of the objects are repre-sented. Therefore, this chapter revisits the criteria,methods and reasons of the composition from pre-vious research works. The urban ontology for SmartAlley will be constructed by combining and expand-ing related works.

The domains of urban area described as urbanontology cover a wide range in related researchworks. Following research works addressed the useof ontology for geographic information system, ur-ban regeneration, urban design, road system, publicpanels, land use, travel, and etc.

Fonseca et al. (2002) proposed an ontology-driven geographic information system. This workdid not provide urban ontology in full scale. How-ever, the significance is in that this works provideda view of the world to redefine the real world as acomputer model. To formulate the real world byontology methodology requires a specific perspec-tive to the world. The compositions of ontology candefine newly or change their relations through thisperspective. Fonseca et al. (2002) built the four-universes-paradigm for modeling a computer rep-resentation, focusing on computer graphics area -physical universe, mathematical or logical universe,representation universe, and implementation uni-verse. In adding the cognitive universe, the humanperspective was highlighted in the four-universes-model. The point of view of an individual or a groupof individuals is perceived in the cognitive universeand modeled in the logical universe.

Caglioni and Rabino (2007) also proposed a spe-cific view including human activities in their urbanontology. This ontology modeled the city as a sys-tem,modifiedbyman, inside ofwhich he lives, wherefor living they mean the performance of all those ac-tivities characteristic of human being. A city can bestudied, according to this proposal, at three obser-vation levels (physical, socio-economical, andmentallevel).

Soares and Fonseca (2011) proposed the use ofa meta-model ontology based on scenarios for rep-resenting temporal relations and procedural knowl-edgeof adomain. Scenarios havebeenused for iden-tifying and capturing domain knowledge, but theyare discarded once the ontology is completed. Theyargue that a domain ontology createdwith 'scenario-based approach' is enhanced by including knowl-edge about not onlywhat the domain is but also howthe domain works. This approach works well in par-ticularwhenbuilding anontology for specific culturalarea. It is because the characteristics of area are hardto explain relying on general urban ontology model.Therefore, the 'scenario-based approach' would be away tomake an adaptable ontology for the cases likeBukchon.

These research works presented methodologiesto build urban ontology. They deduced compo-nents of urban ontology through a particular viewand background theory for understanding the city.On the other hand, others proposed concrete ontol-ogy models that represent specific functions such asroad system, mobility, water system, etc..

Berdier and Roussey (2007) implemented threetypes of experimental ontology models about roadsystem, urban mobility, and urban renewal. This on-tology model was developed to improve urban ser-vices such as road system management or publicspaces management. Also, they described severaldifficulties found in developing ontologies for eachdomain. Road system ontology deals with a techni-cal domain easily modelled. Urban mobility ontol-ogy, on the other hand, is difficult because the terminterpretation was dependent of context. Urban re-newal ontology, even thoughmore important due tothe appearance of social aspect, is difficult to modelthe social aspect per se. As shown in above cases,to express physical or fixed objects can be easy, butthe contextual concept is complicated and hard tomodel.

Metral et al. (2009) presented theOntologyofUr-ban Planning Process (OUPP). It addressed the con-cept of 'soft mobility', as the ontology targeted the


region of Geneva, Switzerland. This case defined in-stances of Route and semantic annotation link be-tween, on one hand data and documents of Genevaand, on the other hand, concepts and instances ofOUPP. The specific instances including place names,geographic information, and images of Geneva weremodeled and their relationships were defined in theframework of soft mobility model. This model was,however, developed from the perspective of planner.Furthermore, it does not fully reflect social aspectsexcept for user types or speed of pedestrian.

To sum up, these related research works ren-dered detailed background and possibility to buildurban ontology for Smart Alley by providingmultilat-eral methods of observation, construct, and case ap-plications. Nevertheless, some aspects of contempo-rary cities possesses considerable differences whichwere not covered in these works. Major differencesinclude the use of Urban Media (Personal/Public Me-dia) based on IoT technologies, massive data pro-duced and shared by the urban media in real time, alargenumberof people to access thesedata and theirincreased or intensified interactions, and augmentedspaceby invisible content. The elementsmake signif-icant changes inevitable in terms of roles, functions,and the appearance of the street. Most of existingurban ontologies could not deal with such aspectseither because the technology was not available orour daily life was not ready fully influenced by it. Theapplication of smart media in space will be a majortrend in future. Therefore these emerging elementsof the city should be reflected in structure of urbanontology, and also the function of urban ontologyneeds to be redefined and extended.

Urban ontology, tailored to the Smart Alley case,can be organized into three layers (Figure 4). The firstlayer is a concept that extends hierarchies of previousurban ontology cases (ex. Building, road, geographicinformation, water system, etc.). This layer describesthe physical world and classifies objects. The sec-ond layer represents invisible information created byurban media. People live in the physical world, butconsiderable parts of their daily lives are connected

in virtual world on the Web. The activities like con-tent creation or sharing on the Web might be boileddown to just bits and bytes, but the impact is inmanycases more substantial than what is gained in physi-cal form. Especially, the augmented space by urbanmedia such as Smart Alley is greatly influenced byvirtual content and information. Sharing experiencein Smart Alley also could be facilitated by the virtualcontent. Therefore, these elements are defined as anontology layer.

Figure 4Layers of UrbanOntology

The last layer is organized by referring previous re-search works. Fonseca et al. (2002) and Caglioniand Rabino (2007) emphasized human and activi-ties when they proposed a perspective to build ur-ban ontology. The reason is that other componentsare in fact highly affected by human activities andintentions. For example, activities like constructinga building or moving an object entail changes ofcontext, and the changes influence other buildingsand objects. According to this point of view, 'Re-lational or Contextual layer' is included. This layerin between two layers addresses socio-cultural con-text or relational feature about interactions and ac-tivities between human and objects. Since the rela-tions are highlighted and multilayered between hu-man and human or human and objects by smart me-dia. The layer presents organization among physicalworld and invisible information as significant pointsof contact. These three layerswork as urbanontologyfor content management by cross reference.


SMART ALLEYWORKSHOP'Smart Alley Workshop' was conducted to cultivatecreative ideas about smart urban services based onthe understanding of ambient urbanmedia. 21 post-graduate students from the Department of Architec-ture and Department of Convergence Engineeringfor Future City at SKKU participated in this workshopfor 2 months. The 'Bukchon Hanok village', was as-signed as the target area of the workshop, and thetheme was 'Designing a Service for Smart Alley'. In-troducing some selected services, this chapter dis-cusses their potentials and implications.

The processes of the workshop are as follows:1) understand core concepts of Smart Alley (UrbanPlatform, Street Computing, and Augmented Space)through case studies, 2) analyze existing cases, 3) de-rive required services through the analysis of prob-lems of the area, and design scenarios, 4) specify theservices by prototyping and technical implementa-tion.

Smart Alley: Storytelling Map (student: Sun-Young Jang): Smart Alley: Digital StorytellingMap isa comprehensive result that is compiled problems ofBukchon, CMS, Data Flow, and application scenariofrom the previous chapters (Figure 5, left). The ob-jective of this service is to provide a new communi-cation channel by addressing these problems. 'Dig-ital Storytelling Map' feeds information about living& culture, and history of a place in the form of map.This service is designed by considering sustainabilitythrough virtuous cycle that stimulates content con-tribution among stakeholders by participating andreceiving proper rewards.

Foot Salon (students: Yong-Se Kim & Young-Min Kim): Foot Salon is a social sport system utiliz-ing amobile application (Figure 5, right). This servicehelps spontaneous participation of peoplewhowantto play street football by using abandoned spaces.The example is to install a temporary futsal court orBasketball court to use walls of Bukchon area by uti-lizing laser projection, web cam and low cost installa-tion. Abandoned spaces can be a mediated space tocreate community. This team tried tominimize phys-ical installations and manage most related informa-tion in mobile application (possible time to join, in-formation of game and facility, personal profile andfriends management, etc.). Also, they made an op-tion for promotion campaign of sport business, sothat the profits can be invested to maintain mobilesoftware and physical facilities.

Jackpot & Saving Collection Box for Dispos-able Paper Cup (students: Han-Sol Shin, Won-Wook Choi): This service proposes a system to sep-arate garbage to solve increasing disposable cupsthat harm the appearance of the Bukchon alley (Fig-ure 6, left). This service is based on reward systemin two ways. The first is 'Jackpot Collection Box'that counts the number of cups regardless of donor.When it reaches specific number, 'Jackpot CollectionBox' prints voice message and QR code for reward.The second is 'Saving Collection Box' that connectssmartphone via application. A donor gives a dispos-able cup to this collection box. And they receivethe number of contribution in smartphone. Whenit amount specific number, they can receive reward.The reward of two ways is discount coupons of cul-

Figure 5Smart Alley:Storytelling Map(left), Foot Salon(right)


Figure 6Jackpot & SavingCollection Box forDisposable PaperCup (left), WhisperBollard (middle),Ambient SmokingBooth (right)

tural facilities and shopping area in the Bukchon.Whisper Bollard (students: Do-Jin Jang & Jin-

Wooung Kim): Whisper bollard is a service to solveillegal parking that is caused by lack of parking place(Figure 6, middle). Illegal parking is occurred fre-quent in the Bukchon because of narrow street andhigh density of traditional house. This smart Whisperbollard is equippedwith object detecting sensor anddirectional speaker. The tracking camera of Whisperbollard detects illegal parking car and sounds warn-ing and guiding other parking place to the driveronly. Because the Bukchon is a residential district andsuffer from noise problem, this team uses the direc-tional speaker to hear target person.

Ambient Smoking Booth (students: Yu-MiSong& Jae-Hwan Jung): The Bukchon forbid smok-ing because of the fire risk of cultural assets. How-ever, there are many still illegal smoking. Therefore,the Ambient Smoking Booth is proposed to reduce il-legal smoking in the long them (Figure 6, right). Thisbooth provides nonsmoking content or informationof Bukchon through media display inside the booth.This booth is usually installed in commercial area, andinduce user to commercial alley.

As a result, 10 service applications for Smart Al-ley are proposed. And useful 5 applications are ex-

plained among those works. The proposed servicesare designed by considering problems and featuresof the Bukchon. Also they provide the participa-tion inducement, business model, and technologi-cal implementation concretely. Therefore, the work-shop proves realistic possibilities for Smart Alley. Es-pecially, many services consider citizen participationways. This reflects the opinions to solve problemsand weaknesses of current u-City service. The resultsuggests that future smart city service should be de-signed to create social interaction and engagementmore than simply information providing.

CONCLUSIONThis research proposed an urban platform designedto facilitate the sharing of community experience inthe spatial context of traditional 'alley'. The term,'Smart Alley', refers to a smart space in which variousurbanmedia, supported with IoT technologies, inter-plays so that the creation and consumption of me-dia content leads to vivid social interactions in thisspecific urban space. The proposed urban platformis driven by the Content Management System (CMS).An urban ontologyworks as logicmodels of the CMS.In theprocess to specify components of space serviceenabled by smartmedia, the limitation of existing ur-


ban ontologies has been discovered. The technolog-ical environment has become significantly differentfrom the time when previous urban ontology modelwere developed. Amount of data produced by theurban media has become massive, and human inter-actions and activities more complicated. The charac-teristics of space will be fundamentally changed andaugmented by smart media, and this phenomenonwill get accelerated in the future. Therefore, the ur-ban ontology should be restructured. Accordingly,this research tried to reorganize the structure of spa-tial components, interaction, and data flow includingsmartmedia by extending existing urban ontologies.

The 'Bukchon' was chosen as a target site to ap-ply Smart Alley concept, as this area has been cur-rently going through the IoT application project ofthe City Government. While the Bukchon has cul-tural and historical potentials as a unique area, manyproblems exist among stakeholders. Therefore, thisresearch proposed a service application by consider-ingbothproblems andpotentials of this area. The ex-isting u-City smart service in Korea has applied highcost services on a large scale in a lack of understand-ing on the region or demands of user. As a result,while the citizen did not appreciate the service, themaintenance cost toomuch. Thereby the service failsto evolve from basic stage, and some even discon-tinue. Being aware of these issues, this research setup the 'Smart Alley Workshop' to develop smart ser-vice in the framework of Smart Alley. A groupof post-graduate students participated in this workshop topropose interesting smart services. Main idea was tohave a sustainable servicemodel to ensure theprofitsof stakeholders and encourage the citizen participa-tion to contribute the content. Someof theproposedsmart services are planned to be deployed for test.

TheSmartAlleyhas a limitation tobegeneralizedfor every smart space cases because the functionsare designed to focus on the 'Bukchon' case. How-ever,the ontology beneath the platform is still flexi-ble to extend its applicability on the instance level.The platform will be able to host similar smart ser-vices and help build up the virtuous cycle of smart

urban services.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThis research was supported by Basic ScienceResearch Program through the National Re-search Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by theMinistry of Education, Science and Technology(2013R1A1A2A10057503).

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[1] www.d-tower.com/[2] www.urbanecomap.org/[3] http://spp.seoul.go.kr/main/news/news_report.js

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