SMALL FARM SMALL FARM SUBSOILERSUBSOILER

final presentationfinal presentation

USDA SPONSERED SENIOR DESIGN PROJECTUSDA SPONSERED SENIOR DESIGN PROJECTJason Lueck, Matt Maples, John McBride, Jason Lueck, Matt Maples, John McBride,

Brad Mooney, Manuel PaganBrad Mooney, Manuel Pagan

DESIGN REQUIREMENTSDESIGN REQUIREMENTS

►►Scaled to work on a small farm.Scaled to work on a small farm.►►Low cost to purchase (under $3000 final cost)Low cost to purchase (under $3000 final cost)►►Able to penetrate at least 10Able to penetrate at least 10”” (15(15”” preferred)preferred)►►Modify an existing tiller (TroyModify an existing tiller (Troy--Bilt Horse)Bilt Horse)►►Surface soil left undisturbedSurface soil left undisturbed

Proposed IdeasProposed Ideas

►►Straight ShankStraight Shank

►►Rotary ChiselRotary Chisel

►►TrencherTrencher

Problems With Proposed IdeasProblems With Proposed Ideas

►►Rotary ChiselRotary ChiselMore expensive than straight shank;More expensive than straight shank;Not feasible using the 8HP TroyNot feasible using the 8HP Troy--BiltBilt Horse Horse (may be feasible with more powerful walk(may be feasible with more powerful walk--behind tractors);behind tractors);

►►TrencherTrencherVery expensive compared to other options;Very expensive compared to other options;Slow forward speed;Slow forward speed;Least reliable;Least reliable;

Future Proposals for Rotary ChiselFuture Proposals for Rotary Chisel►► Hercules Series 850 TractorHercules Series 850 Tractor

Engine Engine –– 14 HP Briggs & Stratton 14 HP Briggs & Stratton or 12 HP Kohleror 12 HP KohlerTransmission Transmission –– 3 Forward Speeds 3 Forward Speeds & 3 Reverse Speeds& 3 Reverse SpeedsMax Tilling Width 30Max Tilling Width 30””Max Tilling Depth 8Max Tilling Depth 8””$2950$2950

►► Hercules Series 946 TractorHercules Series 946 TractorEngine Engine –– 14 HP B&S Vanguard 14 HP B&S Vanguard seriesseriesTransmission Transmission –– 3 Forward Speeds 3 Forward Speeds & 3 Reverse Speeds& 3 Reverse SpeedsMax Tilling Width 34Max Tilling Width 34””Max Tilling Depth 8Max Tilling Depth 8””Approx. $4200Approx. $4200

Reasons for ShankReasons for Shank

SafeSafeLeast SafeLeast SafeVery SafeVery SafeSafetySafety

Some Design Some Design WorkWork

Most Design Most Design WorkWork

Least Design Least Design WorkWork

Ease of Ease of DesignDesign

Most Most ExpensiveExpensive

ExpensiveExpensiveLeast Least ExpensiveExpensive

CostCost

TrencherTrencherChiselChiselShankShank

Reasons for ShankReasons for Shank

ComparableComparableComparable Comparable Least Least EfficientEfficient

EfficiencyEfficiency

Least Least ReliableReliable

ReliableReliableMost reliableMost reliableReliabilityReliability

Most Maint.Most Maint.MidMid--range range Maint.Maint.

Low Maint.Low Maint.MaintenanceMaintenance

TrencherTrencherChiselChiselShank Shank

TroyTroy--BiltBilt HORSEHORSE

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Physical InformationPhysical Information

►►Weight: 225 lbs. Weight: 225 lbs. (without PTO attachments)(without PTO attachments)

►►Center of Mass Location:Center of Mass Location:Horizontal: 3.125Horizontal: 3.125”” in Front of Axlein Front of AxleVertical: 7Vertical: 7”” Above the AxleAbove the Axle

►►Tires:Tires:Current: 15Current: 15”” Diameter RubberDiameter RubberFuture: 18Future: 18”” Cage WheelsCage Wheels

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Physical InformationPhysical Information

Center of mass location

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Engine InformationEngine Information

►►Engine SpecificationsEngine Specifications8 HP Briggs & Stratton 8 HP Briggs & Stratton PowerBuiltPowerBuiltMax torque: 10.9 ft.Max torque: 10.9 ft.--lbs. @ 2800 lbs. @ 2800 RPMRPM’’ssMax RPM: 3600 Max RPM: 3600 RPMRPM’’ssContinuous operation RPM: 3000 Continuous operation RPM: 3000 RPMRPM’’ss

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Engine InformationEngine InformationTorque Curve

10

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

11

1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600

RPM

Torq

ue (

ft lb

s)

torque curve

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Engine InformationEngine InformationHP vs RPM

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

6.5

7

7.5

8

8.5

1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600

RPM

HP

Recommended Max

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Transmission InformationTransmission Information

►►2 x (22 x (2--Speed forward + Reverse)Speed forward + Reverse)2 Belt Settings2 Belt Settings►►From Engine Shaft to Drive ShaftFrom Engine Shaft to Drive Shaft

2 Gear Speeds2 Gear Speeds►►From Drive Shaft to AxleFrom Drive Shaft to Axle►►Goes Through a Worm Gear Before a Set of Helical Goes Through a Worm Gear Before a Set of Helical

GearsGears

Reverse Reverse -- Friction Plates Attached to Belt PulleysFriction Plates Attached to Belt Pulleys

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Transmission InformationTransmission Information

TroyTroy--BiltBilt Transmission InformationTransmission Information

120:1120:1290:1290:1Low SpeedLow SpeedBelt PositionBelt Position

89:189:1216:1216:1High SpeedHigh SpeedBelt PositionBelt Position

22stst GearGear11stst GearGear

Gear Ratios

Proposed Attachments to Proposed Attachments to TroyTroy--BiltBilt HORSEHORSE

►► Shank With CoulterShank With Coulter►► Large Coulter DiscLarge Coulter Disc

Proposed Shank DesignsProposed Shank Designs

►► Raked ShankRaked Shank

►► Curved ShankCurved Shank

►► Straight ShankStraight Shank

Coulter DesignCoulter Design

►► Coulter SpecsCoulter SpecsDiameter: 13.5Diameter: 13.5””Cutting Depth: 3.375Cutting Depth: 3.375””Bearings on AxleBearings on AxleAdjustable Horizontal Adjustable Horizontal PositioningPositioning

Toolbar DesignToolbar Design

►► Toolbar SpecsToolbar SpecsLength: 15Length: 15””Material: 1.5Material: 1.5”” Square Square TubingTubing►►0.250.25”” wall thicknesswall thickness

Adjustable Shank AngleAdjustable Shank AngleAdjustable Shank DepthAdjustable Shank Depth

Design Problems for ShankDesign Problems for Shank

►►Avoiding Adherence LossAvoiding Adherence Loss►►SolutionsSolutions

Add Cage WheelsAdd Cage WheelsAdd Wheel WeightsAdd Wheel WeightsAdd Weight to Front of TillerAdd Weight to Front of Tiller

Design SolutionsDesign Solutions

►► Add Weight to Front of TillerAdd Weight to Front of Tiller

Cage Wheels and Wheel WeightsCage Wheels and Wheel Weights

►► Current Cage Wheels Current Cage Wheels Will Be ModifiedWill Be Modified

Redesigned HubRedesigned HubAble to Carry Extra Able to Carry Extra WeightsWeights

►► Wheel WeightsWheel WeightsRegular Iron Lifting Regular Iron Lifting WeightsWeightsCheap and AvailableCheap and Available

Large Coulter Design Problem Large Coulter Design Problem and Solutionand Solution

►►Inserting Coulter Disc into GroundInserting Coulter Disc into GroundRequires Approximately 400 lbs of Downward Requires Approximately 400 lbs of Downward ForceForce

►►Solution: Add Large WeightsSolution: Add Large WeightsDisc Assembly Weight: 100 lbsDisc Assembly Weight: 100 lbs

Weight Added to Toolbar: 300 lbs Weight Added to Toolbar: 300 lbs !!

Large Coulter Disc DesignLarge Coulter Disc Design

►► Large Coulter SpecificsLarge Coulter SpecificsDiameter: 36Diameter: 36””Cutting Depth: 9Cutting Depth: 9””Moveable ToolbarMoveable Toolbar►►Ease of TransportEase of Transport

Force AnalysisForce Analysis►► Assumptions:Assumptions:

Concentrated Load 15Concentrated Load 15”” UndergroundUndergroundOnly Shank (No Coulter)Only Shank (No Coulter)SteadySteady--State Operation (No Acceleration)State Operation (No Acceleration)

W2 W0

W3W1

Sv

Ph

r

a

c

b

d

Sh

hs

Pv

α

h0h2

h3

C2

C0

C1

W4

h4

g

C4

EngineEngine’’s Traction Forces Traction Force

►► Traction force in Traction force in high gear with high gear with rubber tires rubber tires µµ= = 0.55 (rubber on 0.55 (rubber on dirt)dirt)

►► and with cage and with cage wheels wheels µµ=0.65... =0.65... 0.75 (cage wheel 0.75 (cage wheel on dirt)on dirt)

Angle and Weight ChangesAngle and Weight Changes►► Varying angle of Varying angle of

operation operation between between --10 and 10 and +10 degrees+10 degrees

►► Weights: Weights: 180/80, 80/80, 180/80, 80/80, 80/180, 50 per 80/180, 50 per wheelwheel

►► Cage wheels Cage wheels ((µµ=0.75)=0.75)

Testing NeedsTesting Needs

►►Most available information is based on large Most available information is based on large scale equipmentscale equipment

Small scale equipment information is estimated Small scale equipment information is estimated from large scale resultsfrom large scale results

►►Little known information on single shank Little known information on single shank forcesforces

►►Little known information on advantages of Little known information on advantages of small leading coulter discssmall leading coulter discs

Testing OptionsTesting Options

►►Strain GagesStrain GagesSolid bar stock extension to toolbarSolid bar stock extension to toolbarMilled for higher elasticityMilled for higher elasticity

►►Load PinsLoad PinsReplace bolts in toolbar with load pinsReplace bolts in toolbar with load pins

Testing Options ComparisonsTesting Options Comparisons

►► Strain GagesStrain GagesLess AccurateLess AccurateMore setup workMore setup work►►CalibrationCalibration►►Attaching GagesAttaching Gages

Affordable (under $50)Affordable (under $50)

►► Load PinsLoad PinsVery AccurateVery AccurateLittle setup workLittle setup work►►Data Collection ProgramData Collection Program►► Install as a BoltInstall as a Bolt

Expensive ($750)Expensive ($750)

Project Cost AnalysisProject Cost AnalysisItem Material Needed Quantity Cost

Troy-Bilt HORSE -- 1 $0.00Cage Wheels -- 2 $0.00

Cage Wheel Hubs .25" Steel 2 $0.00Toolbar PTO Mount .25" Steel / 1" Solid Round 1 $0.00

Shank Toolbar 1.5" Square Tubing 2 $0.00Curved Shank .375" Steel 1 $0.00Raked Shank .375" Steel 1 $0.00

Straight Shank .375" Steel 1 $0.00Angle Adjuster -- 1 $0.00

L-Bracket 2"x4"Tubing 1 $0.00Front Weight Mount .25" Steel 1 $0.00

80 lb. Weight -- 2 $0.0025 lb. Weight -- 4 $44.00

Small Coulter Disc -- 1 $0.00Small CD Mount 2"x4"Tubing 1 $0.00

Large Coulter Disc -- 1 $0.00Large Coulter Toolbar 1.5" Square Tubing 1 $0.00Strain Gage Mount 1" Solid Square Stock 1 $0.00

Strain Gages -- 2 $30.00Datalogger -- 1 $0.00

Raw Materials AmountNuts, Bolts, etc. -- -- $30.00.25" Steel Plate 2 sq. ft. -- $30.00

.375" Steel Plate 8 sq. ft. -- $130.001.5" Square Tubing 8 ft. -- $40.002" x 4" Rect. Tubing 1 ft. -- $15.00

1" Square Stock Steel 1 ft. -- $35.002.25" Round Stock Steel 1 ft. -- $27.00

Total $381.00

Load Pin* -- 1 $750.00* - optional

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS