Slow Presentation Lund
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Transcript of Slow Presentation Lund
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8/8/2019 Slow Presentation Lund
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The Possibilities of Slow
Tourism: Can the SlowMovement Help Develop
Sustainable Forms ofConsumption?
C. Michael HallProfessor, Department of Management, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Docent, Department of Geography, University of Oulu, Finland
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CONCEPTUALISING TOURISM CO-
CREATION
Production Consumption
Tourism
experience
Travel related
consumption
Tourism related
production
Supply chains
issues of scale of analysis in understanding tourism sustainability(as well as definition, industry etc)
policy scales in terms of actions
sustainable production and consumption rather than sustainable
tourism if your concerned about the big picture
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PAYING ATTENTION TO TIME:
SLOW CONSUMPTION
Mainstream economics is deeply embedded inmodernitys vision of progress and growth in which
time is money and people consume ever faster:timescales of consumption are steadily decreasing dueto shorter product life spans and an increasing speed of
product innovations which are in turn the outcome ofaccelerating R&D processes (Reisch 2001: 371).
human well-being derives in part from the attentionpeople give to their possessions and their involvementwith them, and this attention and involvement requirestime
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SLOWING THE RATE AT WHICH RAW
MATERIALS ARE TRANSFORMED
Innovation may not lead to sustainable
development as long as consumption continues to
increase.
Need to slow the rate at which raw materials are
transformed into products and eventually
discarded, a process that has been described asslow consumption
Requires a cultural and economic shift
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INITIATIVES AND ACTIONS
POLICY INITIATIVES- Greenhouse gas reduction schemes
- Recycling schemes
- Environmental standards, e.g. organic, food miles, brands
- Relocalisation schemes, e.g. 100 mile diet, buy local LIFESTYLE REINVENTIONS- Voluntary simplicity
- Ethical consumption, e.g. Fair Trade, Tourism Concern
- Slow Food Movement NEW POLITICS OF CONSUMPTION- Anti-consumerism, e.g Adbusters
- Anti-television activism
- Anti-advertising campaigns
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INCREASING SIGNIFICANCE
FOR TOURISM Human rights considerations
Environmental considerations, e.g.
Heathrow protests
Payment of GHG taxes, offsets
Environmental branding
Alternative tourism
Slow tourism
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What is Slow
Food?
Slow Food is a non-profit,
eco-gastronomic member-
supported organization thatwas founded in 1989 to
counteract fast food and fast
life, the disappearance of
local food traditions and
peoples dwindling interest in
the food they eat, where it
comes from, how it tastes and
how our food choices affect
the rest of the world. Today,we have over80,000 members
all over the world.
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Philosophy
We believe that everyone has a fundamental right to pleasure andconsequently the responsibility to protect the heritage of food,tradition and culture that make this pleasure possible. Ourmovement is founded upon this concept of eco-gastronomy arecognition of the strong connections between plate and planet.
Slow Food is good, clean and fair food. We believe that the foodwe eat should taste good; that it should be produced in a cleanway that does not harm the environment, animal welfare or ourhealth; and that food producers should receive faircompensation for their work.
We consider ourselves co-producers, not consumers, because by
being informed about how our food is produced and activelysupporting those who produce it, we become a part of and apartner in the production process.
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Philosophical origins SlowFood locates its
philosophical origins in
the 17th-century writingsof Francesco Angelita,
who considered slowness
a virtue and, believing that
all creatures bore
messages from God, wrotea book about snails.
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Mission Slow Food works to
defend biodiversity
in our food supply,spread tasteeducation andconnect producers ofexcellent foods with
co-producersthrough events andinitiatives
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Influence Substantial profile in media
Ark of Taste, promotion of biodiversity, traditional
landscapes, regional products and traditional methods
Influencing hospitality & restaurants, - usually at high
end
Slow label proving attractive for some markets, andinfluencing marketing and promotion - lifestyle
positioning - now being applied to tourism, ie Slow
Cities
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Ethical Food How green do you want your bananas?
Co-op ballots members on ethical issues
(3 Sept 2007) - including environmentalimpact
Consideration of Food Miles or Air
carried stickers by other supermarketchains in addition to country of origininformation
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SLOW
TOURISM? Travel to consumer lifestyle positioned eco-gastronomicproducts, marked by heritage, tradition, authenticity andthe local
VS Actually traveling slower in terms of consuming less
over the whole period of the trip
- travelling locally, reducing distance travelled, travelling
slower, staying longer- consuming less energy on a net basis
VS
Another tourism marketing cliche
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PRODUCT LIFE SPANS AND SUSTAINABLE
CONSUMPTION
ECO-EFFICIENCY
More productive use of
materials and energy
INCREASED
PRODUCT LIFE
SPANS
SLOW
CONSUMPTION
Reduced throughput of
products and services
Recession (?)
Green Growth
SUSTAINABLE
CONSUMPTION
Efficiency
Sufficiency
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SLOW TOURISM AND SLOW
CONSUMPTION Increased product life spans,whether through greater
intrinsic durability or better care and maintenance, may
enable both efficiency and sufficiency. They are a meansby which materials are used more productively (i.e., thesame quantity provides a longer service) and throughputis slowed (i.e., products are replaced less frequently).
In other sectors it has been argued that a shift to morehighly skilled, craft-based production methods andincreased repair and maintenance work would provideemployment opportunities to offset the effect of reduceddemand for new products.
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New lifecycle thinking Central premise of industrial ecology
Cradle to grave thinking
Broadens the interest in consumption
beyond the point of purchase to all phases
in the life of a product, from its conception
to final disposal.
Examination of consumption cycles
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Lifecycle assessment
Distinguishing different phases in the lifecycle of a
product and associated supply chains is necessary to
enable environmental impacts (i.e., energy and
materials, consumption, emissions to air and water, andwaste) to be estimated. (includes distance and speed of
travel)
Implications in terms of designing for longevity and
production and product life.
Implications for imagining new tourism futures - new
patterns of mobility under new sets of constraints,
rethinking local tourism around source areas.
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Consumer attitudes Primarily focused on appliances
Market conditions:
- Design (products [tangible/intangibledimensions] and processes)
- Signs and scripts
- Sales & services> Creating new forms of customer value
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Research needs Need for lifespan data
Environmental case before and against increased
product lifespan Relationship between market conditions and
product lifespans
Better understanding of consumer values and
attitudes Cult of the new vs cult of the old?
Acceptance
Avoid the trap of another fad