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Slideshow # 3 Caribbean Invertebrates 2008 Edition

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Phylum Molluska: Bilateral Symmetry Body has: visceral mass (organs) mantle, adapted for respiration or shell secretion one or more muscular feet for mobility True coelom in visceral mass

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Rough File Clam - bivalve tucked into crevasses in reef snap shut if threatened filter feeders

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Amber Penshell - bivalve closes when approached shells often overgrown bivalve mollusk filter feeder

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Chitons - Polyplacophora most species graze algae from rocks shell divided into seven separate plates

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Queen Conch - Gastropod

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Flamingo Tongue Snail - Gastropod found feeding on gorgonians spotted mantle will retract if disturbed poison is stolen from gorgonians

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Reef Octopus - Cephalopod only likely to come out at night masters of quick color change approach gently, it may play!

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Reef Squid - Cephalopod colors shimmer over skin often in schools may approach you closely if youre calm

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Lettuce Nudibranch skin ruffles on back (gills) look like lettuce color variable feed on algae

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Phylum Echinodermata Many have hard endoskeleton just beneath the surface spines may penetrate out Radial Symmetry as adults Most have arms radiating from central disk

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Basket Star daytime appearance catches plankton with arms, passes it into mouth in center unrolls at night

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Black and White Crinoid

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Golden Crinoid 20 arms for feeding body hidden in reef

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Brittle star

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Sea Biscuit; Heart Sea Urchin look for inch pea crab in spines most likely on sand at night

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Pencil Sea Urchin

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Long-spine Sea Urchin

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Sea Urchin

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Sea Cucumber; Tigers Tail tail anchored in reef, mouth end scavenges 3 feet 6 feet long

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Sea Cucumber; Donkey Dung

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Phylum Arthropoda Class Crustacea Hard exoskeleton Jointed appendages

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Thor Anemone Shrimp

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Spotted Cleaner Shrimp

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Banded Coral Shrimp Body length

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Pedersons Cleaning Shrimp Common in corkscrew anemone may clean your hand if youre patient

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Arrow Crab Spider-like Long rostrum (snout) Eyes at base of rostrum Purple chelipeds Body length

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Channel Clinging Crab (king crab)

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Nimble Spray Crab Fluorescent green line Hide under boulders or sea urchins when approached

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Hermit Crab

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Spiny Lobster

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Spanish/Slipper Lobster Only likely to see one on a night dive Slipper shaped?

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Worms Most or all of these are in the Annelid phlya, with segmented bodies

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Christmas Tree Worm 2 spiral crowns per worm crowns serve as gills and feeding appendages

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Bristle worm

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Horseshoe Worm uses fronds for feeding and respiration

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Spaghetti Worm Multiple white feeding tentacles Retracts when disturbed

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Cnidarians All have: tentacles stinging cells a gut with one opening medusa or polyp body form

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Bleached Brain Coral 10 ft

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Brain Coral 10 ft

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Elkhorn coral Dont get hung up on these in shallow water! 3 feet to 12 feet tall/wide

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Great Star Coral 2-8 feet across

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Staghorn coral 1-8 feet across, home to damselfish

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Finger and Pencil Corals 1 foot to 4 feet across Finger: 3 160 deep Pencil usually deep Finger whitish Pencil yellowish

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Lettuce Coral colonies vary in shape all display ridged surface

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Flower Coral large coralites on individual stalks polyps extended

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Shelf Coral 1 foot to 5 feet wide Several corals take this form on the wall growing to light

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Fire Coral White, filamentous edges May take many different shapes The COLORS are the key!

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Cassiopeia (Mangrove Jelly)

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Sea Wasp generally encountered 1-10 deep Avoid stings, but if stung, treat as follows: apply meat tenderizer & vinegar paste or baking soda paste shave area DONT rinse with soap or fresh water (causes unfired nematocysts to fire) wash gear in salt water and allow to dry

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Portuguese Man-of-War Float size Tentacles 10-30 feet long!!

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Sea Fan; Gorgonian 2 feet 6 feet long wave towards & away from shoreline with surge

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Sea Plume; Gorgonians 1 foot 7 feet tall

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Sea Rod; Gorgonian foot 7 feet tall

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Corkscrew Anemone

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Giant caribbean anemone

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Sponges Filter feeders important for water clarity No true tissues Sessile as adults Ciliated, free-swimming larvae

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Netted Barrel Sponge 2-5 feet across

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Pink Azure Vase Sponge look inside for brittle stars

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Strawberry Vase Sponge

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Encrusting Sponge

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Yellow Tube Sponge 2-4 feet across

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Purple Tube Sponge 2 feet 6 feet long

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Touch-me-not Sponge touch can result in burning, numbness, and rash treat with vinegar, then meat tenderizer, then cortisone ointment

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Rope Sponges 1-8 feet long only in calm, deep water many colors and species

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Oddballs

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Hawksbill sea turtle Hawks beak in mouth region Serrated edges on posterior of shell 1 foot to 4 feet long

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Tunicate 1/2-3/4 in.