1.Dr Roya Khalil roya.khalil@gmail.com 23rd May 2013 Global Trends in Food Packaging

2. Use of packaging is not new but the packaging technology is an ever evolving art 3. Packaging Terminology Packaging is defined in the regulations as "all products made of any materials of any nature to be used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery and preservation of goods from the producer to the user or consumer. Primary packaging - packaging which forms a sales unit for the user or final consumer This can be a single form of pack (Can of drink) or a few layers of packaging material (a box of chocolate) Alternate definition primary packaging is the packaging format in direct contact with the food Secondary packaging - contains a number of sales units packaging format can be carton, wraps etc. Alternate definition The layer after primary packaging in indirect contact with the food but may still have product safety impact Tertiary packaging - used to group secondary packaging together to aid handling and transportation and prevent damage to the products, e.g. pallet, shrink wrap and straps etc. 4. Evolving role of food packaging Physical protection- protect a product from damage during transportation and handling- especially with the globalisation and import/export of goods across countries Shelf life extension- Barrier protection ( H2O and Gas barriers )&Complimenting technologies to value added preservation technologies increasing shelf life & reduced food wastage 5. Evolving role of food packaging contd Containment - keeping the product together and avoiding spillage, shelf presentation. A lot of effort and research is focused onto designing packs for containment of products for transport efficiency, product safety, storage efficiency and shelf space - $ driver Branding and Marketing provide a layout for design, labelling and printed information. Packaging plays an equally important role if not more than the actual product quality Convenience shelf ready and portion control, microwaveable packaging, ovenable packaging. Busy lifestyles mean less time spent on preparing meals and convenience packaging can be a market share Security and Tamper evidence Tamper evidence (product safety and quality assurance), Safety (choking hazard). Product must reach the consumer in the same state as left the factory gate. Brand owners are responsible for consumer safety when using their products 6. Global Packaging 1999-2009 https://www.smitherspira.com/global-packaging-industry-expected-to-reach-820-billion-by-2016.aspx The statistics are for all packaging sectors not just food packaging Packaging demand has increased between 1999-2009 by 40% Demand increased for all packaging formats Dominating packaging growth were paper and board followed by metal cans and rigid plastics 7. Global Packaging 2010-2016 Source :https://www.smitherspira.com/global-packaging-industry-expected-to-reach-820-billion-by-2016.aspx Global packaging industry will swell to almost $820 billion by 2016, 3% annual growth rate Dominant formats are rigid plastic by (28%), and flexible (22%) followed by board (18%) Metal and glass category usage is the same with stagnant expected growth China is anticipated to surpass the US by 2017, and India will enter the top ten packaging countries with its demand set to almost double in the next five years to $24 billion. US was the largest consumer for packaging in 2010 with a demand of $137 billion; China was close behind at $80 billion. 8. Global Packaging Trends Key areas Functional Packaging Smart/Active/ Intelligent Packaging Retail Ready Packaging Convenient Packaging Accessible Packaging easy open, better grip, clear labling etc Food safe direct and indirect contact Sustainable Packaging Bioplastics 3 Rs Key drivers Legislation & guidelines Innovative technologies in materials and processes Change in life style Economy- cost saving Consumer influence and awareness 9. Smart Packaging Consumer empowerment: Use of visual technology to communicate the message and allow the consumer the decision making process (instead of best before date) Use of cyber space to provide information: QR codes a good way to use the space of a full website and social media pages, use of movies and interactive media to engage with consumers for information, promotions and marketing of the brands Driver for these changes: Advancement in the technology itself Legislative requirement for on the label information - Small label area no longer available for marketing and branding information Pack sizes are getting even smaller with portion size packs- even lesser available area for communication on pack Consumer perception of a high tech packaging for superior quality product 10. Retail Ready Packaging RRP (Retail Ready Packaging) is the merchandise product on shelf, on display, on retail store floor on its own base, or at aisle end Replenishment Ready Shelf Ready Display Ready Infrastructure / Hardware Not Ready Since 2005 the Australian market has adopted retail RRP ECRA (Efficient Consumer Response Australasia) has worked with leading retail organisations to standardised standards, with Coles and Woolworths agreement Benefits of RRP (mainly for retailers) Improved operational efficiencies at store level Faster stocking of shelves Improved code rotation Ease of product identification. Five Easy Functional requirements Easy to Identify Easy to Open Easy to Shelf Easy to Shop Easy to Dispose 11. Convenient Packaging Provide convenience: Ready to use with no further processing Microwavability/ Ovenability in the package Easy openability single hand use with no tools Come with functionality sporks, straws etc. Clear instruction on how to use Storability in the pack without decant No leak sealability and resealability with easy open 12. Accessible Packaging 3.85million Australians affected by Arthritis- major cause of disability and chronic pain in Australia, By 2050, 7 million people is expected to suffer from arthritis as population ages Arthritis Australia Guidelines - Considerations that will help improve packaging Design considerations: Minimise the rotational force requirement for breaking the initial seal on screw top containers. Minimise the linear force requirement for opening packages Avoid packaging that requires extensive use of a tool, such as scissors which often cause injury, to access the product. Minimize safety seal removal force. When using a foil seal pull tab, increase the coefficient of friction by coating the tab so that extensive pinching is not required and increasing the size of the tab to accommodate a pinch. Require a grip span of no more than 71 mm for products that are intended to be grasped with one hand. Minimize the forces required to open and close flip-top caps. Printed Directions and Warmings: Place directions for opening the packaging directly on the packaging in a clear, easy to comprehend format. A warning should contain a signal word to attract the attention of the user. To increase effectiveness and salience, warnings should be presented as bullets in an outline format. Screw top caps should fit in the hand. 13. Sustainable Packaging The Australian Packaging Covenant (APC) represents a commitment by governments and industry to the sustainable design, use and recovery of packaging The Covenant is the voluntary part of an industry and government to reduce the environmental impacts of packaging by improvements in packaging design, higher recycling rates and better stewardship of packaging. The Covenant is an agreement between the Environment Protection Heritage Council (EPHC), made up of state and federal Environment Ministers, and industries in the packaging supply chain. The Covenant is a collaborative arrangement with governments and industry working together to deliver its goals and targets. It is supported by national and state legislation that imposes obligations and penalties on non-signatories to the Covenant As a signatory companies must oblige to the following Use of Packaging Sustainability Guideline Review and assessment of existing packaging formats Implement protocols to design new pack formats aligned with the Guidelines to honour commitments Report yearly on the achievements to APC Sustainable Packaging Effective: Fit for Purpose Resource Efficiency: Minimal use of materials, energy, w ater Safe: non-polluting and non-toxic, food contact safe Renewable &Recyclable : Generates minimal waste Australian Packaging Covenant 14. Bioplastics Risk of not understanding bioplastics Recycling Contamination Bio-based PET, PE & PP Landfill - Solid Waste and GHG Methanisation plan excluded Incineration - lower calorific value Composting home & Industrial Bio-based (renewable sourced) - Focus is on the origin of the carbon building block To be classified bio-based, material must be organic and contain some percentage of recently fixed (new) carbon found in biological resources or crops Biodegradable - Focus is on the end of life To be classified biodegradable, a certain % of the material must convert to carbon dioxide, water and biomass via microbial assimilation within a time period of 180 days and less than 10 % of test material remains on a 2mm sieve To be classified compostable, material must meet the biodegradation criteria and leave no impact on plants, using OECD Guide 208 and meet the regulation (heavy metals less than 50 % of EPA prescribed threshold) The two classes however are not mutually exclusive. 15. Bioplastics 16. 3 R Reduce, Recycle & Reuse Reduce Light weight the current format Remove unnecessary layers of packaging Recycle Use of recycled materials Recyclable packaging materials via available infrastructure Reuse Designed after use reusability for durable products such as glass and metal. More durable products collectables 17. Life Cycle Environmental Analysis (LCA ) & Packaging Impact Quick Evaluation Tool (PIQET) Packaging material source, extraction, manufacturing, transportation, wastes Efficient design light weight, high volume, packing efficiency, consumer appeal Sustainable packaging materials biomaterials, recycled, recyclable Food Safe packaging material, direct and indirect contact maintained throughout the supply chain Optimal disposal routes compostable, recyclable, combustible, landfill (local legislation and infrastructure) Process of sustainable packaging design 18. Packaging Material Food Safety Chemical Interaction - Carotin E = environment P = packaging F = food product E P F 19. Packaging Material Food Safety EU legislation 20. Packaging Material Food Safety Australia The packaging materials chosen to protect and transport food must comply with existing regulation, such as the Materials and Articles in Contact with Food Regulations (EU Regulation 1935/2004) and equivalent FDA requirements in the USA. Material specific requirements must also be taken into position, Packaging and Food Safety consideration, especially for plastics: 2002/72/EU and its 5 amendments and FDA CFR 21 specify the exact amounts and types of additives that can be used to manufacture the plastics, each one having been tested and approved for food use. Australian Standards In Australia, manufacturers are required by the Food Standards Code to ensure food packaging materials are safe and meet the requirements of the relevant Australian Standard. Standard 1.4.3 Articles and Materials in Contact with Food, deals with food contact materials in general terms but does not specify individual packaging materials for food contact or how they should be produced or used. The Standard also refers to the Australian Standard for Plastic Materials for Food Contact Use, AS 2070- 1999. This Standard provides a guide to industry about the production of plastic materials for food contact use. AS 2070-1999, in turn, refers to regulations of the US and European Economic Community directives for the manufacture and use of plastics. Various state and territory food acts also make reference to food packaging safety. Some known chemicals that can migrate from packaging into food products are phthalates, perfluorinated compounds, semicarbazide, acrylonitrile or vinyl chloride and Bisphenol A (BPA) FSANZ Food Safety Australia and New Zealand conduct regular surveys on different food categories to ensure packaging products do not use chemicals that can pose food safety hazards Any new packaging formats must undergo a rigorous product safety analysis. 21. Summary Global Packaging use increase to $820b by 2016 Increase expected in flexible and rigid plastics and board packaging Emerging economies dominating the industry Key trends in packaging Smart packaging Convenient packaging Retail ready packaging Sustainable packaging Food safe packaging 22. http://thepackaginginsider.com/coca-cola-aluminum-bottles/ http://www.foodproductiondaily.com/Supply-Chain/Importance-of-packaging http://columbinelabel.com/blog/7-uses-for-qr-codes-on-product-label-and-packaging/ http://blog.euromonitor.com/2013/02/flexibles-become-leading-packaging-format-for-dog-and-cat- food-in-2013.html http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-packaging-survey-2013---changes-in-demand- for-packaging-types-trends-and-preferences-181829411.html http://www.packworld.com/trends-and-issues/oee-amp-lean-manufacturing/top-9-packaging- trends-2013 https://www.smitherspira.com/global-packaging-industry-expected-to-reach-820-billion-by- 2016.aspx http://en.european-bioplastics.org/ http://greensborough.vic.edu.au/going-red-to-go-green/ http://www.arthritisaustralia.com.au/index.php/arthritis-information.html Nestle's Approach to Packaging Design Aims to Make Its Products Easier to Enjoy - Dexigner http://www.dexigner.com/news/24578#ixzz2PqrlMPtA http://www.ecraustralasia.org.au/storage/publications/Retail%20Ready%20Packaging%20Toolkit %202013.pdf http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/scienceandeducation/factsheets/factsheets/chemicalsinfoodpac ka5514.cfm http://www.worldpackaging.org/uploads/paperpublished/7_pdf.pdf References 23. Questions?? Email: roya.khalil@gmail.com