Slide share countingbikes&peds6
Transcript of Slide share countingbikes&peds6
![Page 1: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
We are Traffic: Creating Robust Bicycle and Pedestrian Count Programs
Krista Nordback, Ph.D., P.E.Oregon Transportation Research and Education Consortium
(OTREC)
![Page 2: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview
• Introduction
• Traffic Monitoring Programs
• Non-Motorized Count Programs
• Conclusions & Recommendations
![Page 3: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
INTRODUCTION
![Page 4: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Why measure walking & biking?
![Page 5: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Why measure walking & biking?
![Page 6: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why measure walking & biking?
• Funding & policy decisions
• To show change over time
• Facility design
• Planning (short-term, long-term, regional…)
• Economic impact
• Public health
• Safety
![Page 7: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How many bike and walk?
• Surveys
– National
– Regional
– Local
• Counts
– Permanent
– Short duration
![Page 8: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What good are counts?
• Funding!
• Facility Level– Change Over Time
– Planning and Design
– Safety Analysis
• Validate Regional Models
• Prioritize Projects
• Bicycle Miles Traveled (BMT)
![Page 9: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Signal Timing
Vehicle Delay
Kothuri, S. M., Reynolds, T., Monsere, C. M., & Koonce, P. (2013). Testing Strategies to Reduce Pedestrian Delay at Signalized Intersections. A Pilot Study in Portland, OR. Paper presented at the 92nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
![Page 10: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Signal Timing
Vehicle Delay
Kothuri, S. M., Reynolds, T., Monsere, C. M., & Koonce, P. (2013). Testing Strategies to Reduce Pedestrian Delay at Signalized Intersections. A Pilot Study in Portland, OR. Paper presented at the 92nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Pedestrian
![Page 11: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What?
People actually bike here?
Yes! 200 per day
![Page 12: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What?People actually walk here?
Yes!
400 per day
![Page 13: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TRAFFIC MONITORINGPROGRAMS
![Page 14: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
State Traffic Monitoring
Metro Count Accessed 6/13/13 http://mtehelp.tech-metrocount.com/article.aspx?key=mc5805
Commonly inductive loops
Permanent Counters
Short Duration Counters
Commonly pneumatic tubes
![Page 15: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Colorado’s Permanent Counters
![Page 16: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT)
![Page 17: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Colorado’s Short Duration Traffic Counts
CDOT OTIS Accessed 6/18/13 http://dtdapps.coloradodot.info/Otis/HighwayData#/ui/0/1/criteria/~/184.667/210.864
![Page 18: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
AADT
![Page 19: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
AADT
![Page 20: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
AADT
![Page 21: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
AADT
![Page 22: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Use AADT to Estimate VMT
Sum (AADT X Segment Length) over network to compute Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT)
COLORADO HIGHWAYS
![Page 23: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Can we apply these methods to biking and
walking?
![Page 24: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
AADB: Annual Average Daily Bicyclists
AADT for bicyclists!
![Page 25: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Traffic Monitoring Guide 2013:
Chapter 4 for Non-motorized Traffic
![Page 26: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
NON-MOTORIZED COUNT PROGRAMS
![Page 27: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 28: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 29: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
National Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Project
Manual Counts:
2 hours
5 to 7pm
Tues, Wed, or Thurs in
mid-September
http://bikepeddocumentation.org/
![Page 30: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Passive Infrared Counters
![Page 31: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Inductive loop counters in bike lanes
![Page 32: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Combined Bicycle and Pedestrian Continuous Counter
![Page 33: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 34: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 35: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 36: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Geographic/Climate Zones
![Page 37: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Urban vs. Rural
![Page 38: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Annual Average Daily Bicyclists (AADB)
Volume
Categories
0 500 1,000
AADB
Co
nti
nu
ou
s C
ou
nt
Stat
ion
s
Medium
High
600
200
Low
![Page 39: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Traffic Monitoring Guide 2013 Update, Chapter 4.
![Page 40: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 41: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Daily Patterns
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
% o
f A
AD
B
Colorado Example (Bikes only)
![Page 42: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Hourly Commute Pattern
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%1
2:0
0 A
M
1:0
0 A
M
2:0
0 A
M
3:0
0 A
M
4:0
0 A
M
5:0
0 A
M
6:0
0 A
M
7:0
0 A
M
8:0
0 A
M
9:0
0 A
M
10
:00
AM
11
:00
AM
12
:00
PM
1:0
0 P
M
2:0
0 P
M
3:0
0 P
M
4:0
0 P
M
5:0
0 P
M
6:0
0 P
M
7:0
0 P
M
8:0
0 P
M
9:0
0 P
M
10
:00
PM
11
:00
PM
% o
f A
AD
B
City of Boulder Example (Bikes only)
![Page 43: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Hourly Non-commute Pattern
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0:0
0
1:0
0
2:0
0
3:0
0
4:0
0
5:0
0
6:0
0
7:0
0
8:0
0
9:0
0
10
:00
11
:00
12
:00
13
:00
14
:00
15
:00
16
:00
17
:00
18
:00
19
:00
20
:00
21
:00
22
:00
23
:00
Ave
rage
Ho
url
y V
olu
me
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Source: Pam Johnson, PSU
![Page 44: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 45: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
12 Possible groups
Commute
Non-Commute
In Between
3 Daily Patterns
![Page 46: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
12 Possible groups
Commute
Non-Commute
In Between
3 Daily Patterns 2 Weekly Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
![Page 47: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
12 Possible groups
Commute
Non-Commute
In Between
3 Daily Patterns 2 Weekly Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
2 Annual Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
![Page 48: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
12 Possible groups
Commute
Non-Commute
In Between
3 Daily Patterns 2 Weekly Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
2 Annual Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
![Page 49: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
12 Possible groups
Commute
Non-Commute
In Between
3 Daily Patterns 2 Weekly Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
2 Annual Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
![Page 50: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
12 Possible groups
Commute
Non-Commute
In Between
3 Daily Patterns 2 Weekly Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
2 Annual Patterns
Commute
Non-Commute
![Page 51: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Commute
Urban PlainsNon-commute
Mountain Non-commuteHigher
Week-ends?
Rural MtnTrail?
Weekly Pattern
Location
YesYes
NoNo
![Page 52: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 53: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Factoring Method
Adapted from Traffic Monitoring Guide
AADB = Cknown* D * M
Cknown = 24-hour count
D = Daily Factor
M = Monthly Factor
![Page 54: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Factoring Method
Adapted from Traffic Monitoring Guide
AADB = Cknown* D * M
Cknown = 24-hour count
D = Daily Factor
M = Monthly Factor
![Page 55: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Monthly Factor
M = AADB
MADB
where
MADB = Ave daily bike count in that month
![Page 56: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Monthly Factor
M = AADB
MADB
where
MADB = Ave daily bike count in that month
June
= 5001,000
![Page 57: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Monthly Factor
M = AADB
MADB
where
MADB = Ave daily bike count in that month
June
= 5001,000
= 0.5
![Page 58: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Monthly Factor
M = AADB
MADB
where
MADB = Ave daily bike count in that month
June
= 5001,000
= 0.5
Daily counts in June are twice AADB.
![Page 59: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Groups:
MountainNon-
Commute
Front RangeNon-
Commute Commute
January 3.9 1.5
February 3.2 2.0
March 1.3 1.2
April 2.2 1.1 1.1
May 1.0 0.8 0.9
June 0.5 0.8 0.7
July 0.4 0.8 0.8
August 0.5 0.7 0.7
September 0.7 0.8 0.8
October 1.7 1.0 1.0
November 1.5 1.4
December 2.5 2.3
Colorado Monthly Factors
![Page 60: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 61: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
How many counters/group?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011121314
Pre
cisi
on
of
Mo
nth
ly F
acto
rs
Number of Counters
Non-Commute Factors
Commute Counters
Average
![Page 62: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Permanent Count
Program
![Page 63: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 64: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 65: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 66: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Short Duration
Count Program
![Page 67: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Short Duration
Count Program
![Page 68: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Turning Movement Counts
![Page 69: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Segment Count
A
B
![Page 70: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Short Duration Counters• Pedestrian
• BicycleInfraredManual
Manual Pneumatic Tube Counters
![Page 71: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Traffic Monitoring Guide 2013 Update, Chapter 4.
![Page 72: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Short Duration
Count Program
![Page 73: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Potential Selection Criteria
• Variety of facility types
Path On-street
![Page 74: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Potential Selection Criteria
• Variety of land uses– Central business district
– Residential
– School/University
• Technology related criteria
![Page 75: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Short Duration
Count Program
![Page 76: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Count Duration
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
0 200 400 600
% E
rro
r o
f A
AD
B E
stim
ates
Count Duration (hours)
![Page 77: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Count Duration
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
0 200 400 600
% E
rro
r o
f A
AD
B E
stim
ates
Count Duration (hours)
1 week
![Page 78: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Short Duration
Count Program
![Page 79: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Schedule Counts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ab
solu
te %
Err
or
in A
AD
B
Esti
mat
es
Month
![Page 80: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Schedule Counts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ab
solu
te %
Err
or
in A
AD
T Es
tim
ate
Month
May to October bestfor Midwestern Climate
![Page 81: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
The TMG 2013 Approach
![Page 82: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Factoring Method
Adapted from Traffic Monitoring Guide
AADB = Cknown* D * M
Cknown = 24-hour count
D = Daily Factor
M = Monthly Factor
![Page 83: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
AADB
![Page 84: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
VMT for
bicycles
![Page 85: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
![Page 86: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Summary
• Traffic Monitoring Guide Approach:
– Permanent Count Program
– Short Duration Count Program
– Compute AADT for Bikes and Pedestrians
![Page 88: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Recommendations
• Both permanent and short duration count programs are needed.
• Continuous counters are needed!
• Prefer 1 week short count
• Short duration counts in high volume months
– May to October (Midwestern climates)
• Integrate bike/ped counts into traffic data for preservation and access
![Page 89: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Balance Permanent and Short Duration Programs
PERMANENT
COUNT
PROGRAM
SHORT
DURATION
COUNT
PROGRAM
![Page 90: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Iterative Process
![Page 91: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Iterative Process
![Page 92: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Example
![Page 93: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
1st Year
PERMANENT
COUNT
PROGRAM
SHORT
DURATION
COUNT
PROGRAM
1 Permanent Counter 20 Manual Counts
![Page 94: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
2nd Year
PERMANENT
COUNT
PROGRAM
SHORT
DURATION
COUNT
PROGRAM
1 Permanent Counter 24 Automated Short Duration Sites(one week per site)
Rotate 1 counter all summer
![Page 95: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
3rd Year
PERMANENT
COUNT
PROGRAM
SHORT DURATION
COUNT PROGRAM
5 Permanent Counters 48 Automated Short Duration Sites(one week per site)
Rotate 2 counters all summer
![Page 96: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
4th Year
PERMANENT
COUNT
PROGRAM
SHORT DURATION COUNT
PROGRAM
6 Permanent Counters 120 Automated Short Duration Sites(one week per site)
Rotate 5 counters all summer
![Page 97: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
10th Year
PERMANENT COUNT
PROGRAM
SHORT DURATION COUNT
PROGRAM
12 Permanent Counters 720 Automated Short Duration Sites(one week per site) on 3 year rotation
Rotate 10 counters all summer on 3 year rotation
![Page 98: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
On-going Work
• Colorado, Vermont, Minnesota, Oregon, North Carolina, Washington State DOT’s are developing programs.
• TRB Bike/Ped Data Subcommittee https://sites.google.com/site/bikepeddata/home
• FHWA to include bike/ped counts in Travel Monitoring Analysis System (TMAS)
• NCHRP 07-19: Bike/Ped Data Methods & Technologies• Google Group for future discussion!• OTREC’s Bike/Ped Data Archive
![Page 99: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
TRB Bike/Ped Data Subcommittee
![Page 100: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Questions?
Krista Nordback
503-725-2897
Guide to Bicycle & Pedestrian Count Programshttp://www.pdx.edu/ibpi/count
![Page 101: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
EXTRA SLIDES
![Page 102: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Why daily counts?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70A
vera
ge H
ou
rly
Co
un
t
![Page 103: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Why daily counts?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70A
vera
ge H
ou
rly
Co
un
t
![Page 104: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Why daily counts?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70A
vera
ge H
ou
rly
Co
un
t
![Page 105: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Why annual average?
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ave
rage
Dai
ly C
ou
nt
Month
![Page 106: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Why annual average?
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ave
rage
Dai
ly C
ou
nt
Month
635
![Page 107: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Nosal, T., L. Miranda-Moreno, et al. (2014). Incorporating weather: a comparative analysis of Average Annual Daily Bicyclist estimation methods. 93rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington, D.C., National Academies.
![Page 108: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Hankey, S., G. Lindsey, et al. (2014). Day-of-Year Scaling Factors and Design Considerations for Non-motorized Traffic Monitoring Programs. 93rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington, D.C., National Academies.
![Page 109: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
The Problem
Bicycle counts live here Some bicycle
counts live here.and die here.
TMAS
No bicycle counts live here.
![Page 110: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
The Solution
bike counts
TMAS
bike counts
![Page 111: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
CDOT Continuous Counters
![Page 112: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
All Colorado Continuous Counters
• 45 stations with enough data to study (2010-2012)
– 21 bicyclist only count stations
– 24 bicyclists and pedestrians combined stations
Denver Metro Area
![Page 113: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Short-term Counters
About 6 portable infrared counters:
• Rotated around the state
– By request
– About 30 sites
• Each site over 1 week, usually at least one month
![Page 114: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
![Page 115: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
![Page 116: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Colorado Count Stations
Bicycle Only Bicycle & Pedestrian
All
Number of Stations 21 24 45
Average AADT 401 182 284
Rural 10% 88% 51%
Mountains 10% 50% 31%
On Paths 67% 100% 84%
![Page 117: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Other Suggested Groupings
• Turner, TTI: 3 factor groups
– Commute
– In between
– Non-Commute–
• Miranda-Moreno: 4 factor groups
– Commute
– 2 groups in between
– Non-Commute
![Page 118: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Inductive loop counters on paths
![Page 119: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Inductive Loops
![Page 120: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Inductive loop counters on-street
Inductive loop counters in vehicle lane
![Page 121: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Piezoelectric Bike Counters
![Page 122: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Video Detection
![Page 123: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Pneumatic Tube Counting
On Path
On Road
![Page 124: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
National Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Project
http://bikepeddocumentation.org/downloads/
![Page 125: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
There’s an app for that!
Manual counting on your smart phone!
by Thomas Götschi
![Page 126: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
National Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Project
http://bikepeddocumentation.org/downloads/
![Page 127: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Portland Volunteer
Count Form
![Page 128: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Bike/Ped Daily Factors
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
Pe
rce
nt
of
AA
DT Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
![Page 129: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Bike/Ped and Motorists Factors
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
Pe
rce
nt
of
AA
DT Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
CDOT Group 3Recreational Motorists
![Page 130: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Bike/Ped and Motorist Factors
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
300%Ja
nu
ary
Feb
ruar
y
Mar
ch
Ap
ril
May
Jun
e
July
Au
gust
Sep
tem
…
Oct
ob
er
No
vem
b…
Dec
emb
…
Pe
rce
nt
of
AA
DT
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
CDOT Group 3Recreational Motorists
![Page 131: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Daily Patterns for Bike/Ped
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
Pe
rce
nt
of
AA
DT
![Page 132: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
Monthly Patterns for Bike Only
0%50%
100%150%200%250%300%350%400%450%500%
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Pe
rce
nt
of
AA
DT
Month
![Page 133: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Monthly Pattern
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
300%
350%
400%
450%
500%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
% o
f A
AD
BP
Month
With Outliers removedDillon Dam Path
Four Mile
Officers Gulch
Swan Mt
Arbaney Kittle
EmmaRGT
EofAspen
HunterCrk
WoodyCrk
Dawson Butte
Glendale
Greenland
Hidden Mesa
Spruce Meadows
Spruce Mt
Rock Creek
CCHolly-2011
KC470
Broomfield Combo
Colorado Example (Bikes and Peds combined)
![Page 134: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Hourly Pattern
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
% o
f A
AD
B
Arap38thArapahoe2BdwyNsideBdwySsideBldrCrkEsideBldrCrkEside2BldrCrkWsideBldrCrkWside2BrdwyBwyTmesaCentennialFoothillsFoothills2FthlsNECorFthlsSECorPrl55thNPrl55thSPrlPkwySECorPrlPkwySWCorSkunk
City of Boulder Example (Bikes only)
![Page 135: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Bike/Ped Factors
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
300%Ja
nu
ary
Feb
ruar
y
Mar
ch
Ap
ril
May
Jun
e
July
Au
gust
Sep
tem
…
Oct
ob
er
No
vem
b…
Dec
emb
…
Pe
rce
nt
of
AA
DT
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
![Page 136: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
Factor Method
• Adapted from Traffic Monitoring Guide
AADB = Cknown* H * D * M
Cknown = known manual count for one hour
H = Hourly Factor
D = Daily Factor
M = Monthly Factor
![Page 137: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
3 Steps to Estimate AADB
1. Collect continuous counts
2. Compute factors
3. Collect short duration counts
![Page 138: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
• I know AADB at 25 continuous count stations.
Compute AADB
![Page 139: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Motor Vehicle Count
Example
Iowa State University http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/pubs/traffichandbook/3trafficcounts.pdf
![Page 140: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
COUNTING TECHNOLOGIES
![Page 141: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Permanent Counters• Pedestrian
• Bicycle
InfraredVideo Image Recognition
Radar
Pressure Sensor
Inductive Loop Video Detection
Video Image Recognition
Microwave
Magnetometers
![Page 142: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
Pedestrian Counts• Permanent: Hourly Counts 24/7
• Short Duration: One Hour to One Month
InfraredManual
InfraredVideo Image Recognition
Radar
Pressure Sensor
![Page 143: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Bicycle Counts• Permanent: Hourly Counts 24/7
• Short Duration: One Hour to One MonthInductive Loop
Manual
Video Detection
Pneumatic Tube Counters
Video Image Recognition
Microwave
Magnetometers
![Page 144: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
NCHRP 07-19: Testing accuracy of existing bike/ped count technologies.
Traffic Monitoring Guide. 2013, FHWA: Washington, DC.
![Page 145: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
Manual Counts• Volunteer vs. Paid Staff
• Paper vs. Electronic iPhone App
• Screenline vs. Intersection Turning Movement Count
• On-site vs. Video watching in office
by Thomas Götschi
![Page 146: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
Passive Infrared Counters
Traffic Monitoring Guide. 2013, FHWA: Washington, DC.
![Page 147: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
Active Infrared
Traffic Monitoring Guide. 2013, FHWA: Washington, DC.
![Page 148: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Pressure Sensors
Jean-Francois Rheault, Eco CounterTraffic Monitoring Guide. 2013, FHWA: Washington, DC.
![Page 149: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Video Image Processing
Traffic Monitoring Guide. 2013, FHWA: Washington, DC.
![Page 150: Slide share countingbikes&peds6](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559f45481a28ab4b418b47a3/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Source: Elizabeth Stolz, Sprinkle Consulting