Slide 1 Version 1.0, 30 November 2004 METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG) FROM FIRST TO SECOND...
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Transcript of Slide 1 Version 1.0, 30 November 2004 METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG) FROM FIRST TO SECOND...
Slide 1Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION
(MSG)FROM FIRST TO SECOND GENERATION METEOSAT
(from MFG to MSG)Author:Author: Volker Gärtner (EUMETSAT)Volker Gärtner (EUMETSAT)
([email protected])([email protected])
Contributors:Contributors: M. König (EUMETSAT), J. Kerkmann (EUMETSAT)M. König (EUMETSAT), J. Kerkmann (EUMETSAT)D. Rosenfeld (HUJ), V. Zwatz-Meise (ZAMG),D. Rosenfeld (HUJ), V. Zwatz-Meise (ZAMG),H.-P. Roesli (MeteoSwiss)H.-P. Roesli (MeteoSwiss)
Slide 2Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
METEOSAT-1 to 7Meteosat First Generation (MFG)
Vis & IR Imager
3 Spectral Channels
Images every 30 Minutes
5 km horizontal ‘Sampling Distance’
VIS-Channel 2.5 km
Slide 3Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Channels of First Generation METEOSATChannels of First Generation METEOSAT
Slide 4Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
VIS, IR & WV channelsof Meteosat First Generation
Slide 5Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Comparison: MSG - Present MeteosatComparison: MSG - Present Meteosat
Slide 6Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Comparison: Time Stamping of MFG Comparison: Time Stamping of MFG and MSG Image Dataand MSG Image Data
Unlike MFG, the MSG system allows for full flexibility in the start and end time of the scanning period
One other important difference to note is that the start of data dissemination to end users commences before the completion of the full repeat cycle
The time given in the header of each MSG image file is always the start of the repeat cycle (e.g. data given the time 12.00 UTC corresponds to the data acquired during the repeat cycle of 12.00 UTC to 12.15 UTC)
The time given in the header of each MFG image file is always the end of the repeat cycle (e.g. data given the time 12.00 UTC corresponds to the data acquired during the repeat cycle of 11.30 UTC to 12.00 UTC)
However, to maintain continuity in the meteorological data archive, the MFG and MSG archive data (data older than 24-hours) is ordered using the time period corresponding to the end of the data acquisition period
Slide 7Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Comparison: Time Stamping of MFG Comparison: Time Stamping of MFG and MSG Image Dataand MSG Image Data
Differences in the time stamping between first andsecond generation Meteosat satellite data
Slide 8Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG-1 LAUNCH ON28-AUG-2002
Slide 9Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)
Spinning Enhanced Vis & IR Imager
12 Spectral Channels
Images every 15 Minutes
3 km horizontal ‘sampling distance’
at Sub-Satellite Point (SSP)
Hi-Res VIS-Channel 1 km sampling
distance (SSP)
Slide 10Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG SEVIRI CHANNELSBasic + Airmass + Hi Res Vis Missions
Window Band (µm) Absorption Band (µm)
VIS 0.6 0.56 - 0.71 H2O 6.2 5.35 - 7.15
VIS 0.8 0.74 - 0.88 H2O 7.3 6.85 - 7.85
IR 1.6 1.50 - 1.78 O3 9.7 9.38 - 9.94
IR 3.9 3.48 - 4.36 CO2 13.4 12.40 - 14.40
IR 8.7 8.30 - 9.10
IR 10.8 9.80 - 11.80 High Res VIS 1km Sampling
IR 12.0 11.00 - 13.00 HRV 0.4 - 1.1
Slide 11Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
SEVIRI IR Channels
Slide 12Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Contribution Functions
Slide 13Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MFG IR Channel 5 km MSG IR10.8 Channel 3 km
MSG: IMPROVED SPATIAL SAMPLING(Example: 13 October 2003, 12:15 UTC)
Slide 14Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG HRV channel ~ 1 km
MFG VIS Channel ~ 2.5 kmMFG IR Channel ~ 5 km
MSG: IMPROVED SPATIAL SAMPLING
(Example: 4 December 2002, 12:30 UTC)
Slide 15Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MFG VIS Channel 2.5 km MSG HRVIS Channel 1 km
MSG: IMPROVED SPATIAL SAMPLING(Example: 11 November 2003, 11:00 UTC)
Slide 16Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Kaiserstuhl(557 m)
MSG: IMPROVED SPATIAL SAMPLING(Example: 5 November 2003)
MFG VIS Channel 2.5 km MSG HRVIS Channel 1 km 08:00 UTC 08:45 UTC
Slide 17Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MFG VIS Channel 2.5 km MSG HRVIS Channel 1 km
MSG: IMPROVED SPATIAL SAMPLING(Example: 8 December 2003, 11:45 UTC)
Slide 18Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
IMPROVED SPATIAL SAMPLING- MSG-1 HRVIS vs NOAA-16 AVHRR CH2 -
(Example: 19 November 2003)
MSG HRVIS Channel, 13:00 UTC AVHRR Channel 2, 13:02 UTC
Slide 19Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED TIME SAMPLING(Example: 8 June 2003)
10:00 10:15 10:30 10:45 11:00 MSG HRVIS, 15 min sampling
10:00 10:30 11:00 MFG VIS, 30 min sampling
Slide 20Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPATIAL AND TIME SAMPLING(Example: 10 December 2003 - MSG Rapid Scans)
MFG VIS Channel 2.5 km/30 min MSG HRVIS Channel 1 km/5 min
Click on the icon to see the animation(12:00-14:30 UTC, AVI, 10229 KB) !
Slide 21Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPECTRAL SAMPLING(Example: 20 May 2003, 12:00 UTC)
MFG IR Channel MSG RGB Composite (R=01, G=03, B=04i)
Severe Convection
Slide 22Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPECTRAL SAMPLING(Example: 8 June 2003, 12:00 UTC)
MFG IR Channel MSG-1 RGB Composite (R=01, G=03, B=09)
Tornadic Storms
Slide 23Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPECTRAL SAMPLING(Example: 3 August 2003, 12:00 UTC)
MFG VIS Channel MSG RGB Composite (R=03, G=02, B=01)
Smoke from fores fires
Slide 24Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPECTRAL SAMPLING(Example: 9 September 2003, 12:00 UTC)
MFG IR Channel MSG RGB Composite (R=05-06, G=04-09, B=03-01)
Hurricane Isabel
Slide 25Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPECTRAL SAMPLING(Example: 11 November 2003, 03:00 UTC)
MSG IR10.8 Channel MSG RGB Composite (R=10-09, G=09-04, B=09)
Fog/Low Stratus (night)
Slide 26Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG: IMPROVED SPECTRAL SAMPLING(Example: 26 September 2003, 08:00 UTC)
MSG IR10.8 Channel MSG Difference Image (IR12.0 - IR10.8)
Contrails
Slide 27Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
The Following Slides ….
• … will show full disk views of each channel, providing a general overview
• after that each channel and its specific application will be discussed in more detail and with more examples
Slide 28Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
MSG Channel VIS0.6
sun glint
desert
bare soil
forest
sea
snow
Land Surface Cloudshigh reflectance
low reflectance
thick clouds
thin clouds over land
thin clouds over sea
cloud detection, cloud tracking,
aerosol observation, image navigation
support scene identification
Slide 29Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
sun glint
desert
bare soil
forest
sea
snow
Land Surface Cloudshigh reflectance
low reflectance
thick clouds
thin clouds over land
thin clouds over sea
grass etc.
cloud detection, cloud tracking,
aerosol observation, image navigation
support scene identification
MSG Channel VIS0.8
Slide 30Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
sun glint
desert
bare soil
forest
sea
snow
Land Surface Cloudshigh reflectance
low reflectance
water clouds with small droplets
grass etc.
water clouds with large droplets
ice clouds with small particles
ice clouds with large particles
aerosol observation, snow/ice detection
support scene identification
MSG Channel NIR1.6
Slide 31Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Contribution Function
“window” channelCO2 absorptionplus solar contribution during daytime!
Slide 32Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
sea
cold land
forest
sun glintfires
Land Surface Cloudslow reflectance/
cold
high reflectance/warm
cold ice clouds
warm tropical areas
ice clouds with small particles
water clouds over sea
water clouds over landhot desert
snow
293.0(SST: 297.7)
night-time fog detectioncloud phase
urban heat islandfire detection
support scene identification
MSG Channel IR3.9 Day
Slide 33Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
cold surfaces
fires
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
warm surfaces (trop. oceans,
lakes)
high-level clouds
mid-level clouds
low-level clouds291.7night-time fog detection
cloud phaseurban heat island
fire detectionsuport scene identification
MSG Channel IR3.9 Night
Slide 34Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
no / almost no surface contributionactual weighting function depends on actual humidity profileWV6.2: higher in atmosphere than WV7.3
Contribution Function
Slide 35Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
high humidity in upper
troposphere
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
low humidity in upper
troposphere
243.2water vapour informationwind tracking
support scene identificationsupport GII retrieval
MSG Channel WV6.2
Slide 36Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
high humidity in mid
troposphere
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
low humidity in mid
troposphere
high level warm surface
mid-level clouds
263.1water vapour informationwind tracking
support scene identificationsupport GII retrieval
MSG Channel WV7.3
Slide 37Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
“window” channelH2O absorption
Contribution Function
Slide 38Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
cold land surface
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
warm sea surface
hot land surface
mid-level clouds
low-level clouds
291.7thin or broken cirrus cloudscloud phase
support scene identificationsupport GII retrieval
MSG Channel IR8.7
Slide 39Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
large surface contribution, ozone absorption
Contribution Function
Slide 40Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
cold land surface
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
warm sea surface
hot land surface
mid-level clouds
low-level clouds
272.5total ozone informationtropopause monitoring
MSG Channel IR9.6
Slide 41Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
“split window” channelslarge surface contributionsome H2O absorption(higher in 12.0)
Contribution Function
Slide 42Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
cold land surface
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
warm sea surface
hot land surface
mid-level clouds
low-level clouds
293.8earth and cloud temperaturelow level humidity
cloud trackingsupport scene identification
support GII retrieval
MSG Channel IR10.8
Slide 43Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
cold land surface
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
warm sea surface
hot land surface
mid-level clouds
low-level clouds
292.6earth and cloud temperaturelow level humidity
cloud trackingsupport scene identification
support GII retrieval
MSG Channel IR12.0
Slide 44Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
some surface contributionCO2 absorption
Contribution Function
Slide 45Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
cold land surface
Land Surface Cloudscold
warm
high-level clouds
warm sea surface
hot land surface
mid-level clouds
low-level clouds
273.5height determination of thin cloudssupport scene identification
support GII retrieval
MSG Channel IR13.4
Slide 46Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
high reflectance
low reflectance
very thick clouds
very thin clouds over land
very thin clouds over sea
sun glint
snow
desert
bare soil
forest
sea surface
small scale convectionsurface features
aerosol observations(cloud tracking)
MSG Channel HRVIS
Slide 47Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
VIS0.6 HRV
Usefulness of HRV data can be best assessed by comparing to 3km resolution data
Slide 48Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Improved Nowcasting (very short term forecasting) Higher quality of the image data Higher temporal and spatial resolution, and higher
quality of the meteorological parameters, which are derived from the image data better forecasts
Higher capacity of data collection (climate monitoring, science)
GERB instrument for climatological studies S&R package for emergencies
Summary: MSG Benefits
Slide 49Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Summary: Value of MSG for Nowcasting
Higher temporal sampling (15 minutes) Higher spatial sampling (3 km IR and VIS, 1 km HRVIS) Higher spectral sampling (12 channels) Higher quality of data (e.g. 10 bits digitisation) Better discrimination of surfaces/clouds (window
channels) More information on vetical structure of the atmosphere
– Pseudo sounding and stability products
– Water vapour at two levels (WV channels)
– Ozone/tropopause information (IR9.6 channel)
Slide 50Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Summary: Value of MSG for NWP
Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMV)– Better tracking (15 minutes)
– Improved height assignment (with IR13.4 and WV channels)
– Potential for higher resolution winds
– Better spatial coverage near and over active weather systems more layers of AMVs (2 WV channels, Ozone channel) more information on cloudy and cloud-free areas
– Automatic quality control and flags for NWP assimilation
Clear Sky Radiances (CSR)
Slide 51Version 1.0, 30 November 2004
Summary: Value of MSG for Climate Monitoring
Improved calibration and radiometric accuracy Provision of basic climate data sets Dedicated Satellite Application Facility (Climate SAF)
and multi-mission archive (U-MARF) Potential for land applications (e.g. surface albedo) Novel observations of convective phenomena (micro-
physics and dynamics)