Slide 1LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

Wardhaugh Ch 5Wardhaugh Ch 5

Calendar

Wardhaugh Ch 5

Also will discuss Milroy & Milroy article on Tuesday (notes from me up by Saturday)

Quiz 1 on Thursday

Particularly “the observer’s paradox” - how does Labov resolve this? Listen to NPR clip William Labov - NYC

Slide 2LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

Wardhaugh Ch 5Wardhaugh Ch 5

Wardhaugh – Chapter 5 SPEECH COMMUNITYTheoretical dilemma defining “speech community” as a social construct

A group composed of members that share something socially in common (region, politics, etc.)Group may be temporary, and is also more than its members (they come and go but group still exists)Have preconceived expectations of behavior (including linguistics) about members of a group = stereotypes (The blender is broke)Labov defines it as not by linguistics elements but by “participation in a set of shared norms” (see page 120) – top-down approach (community defined by investigator)

Discuss Conn 2005 New Ways in Analyzing Variation (NWAV) presentation about Philadelphia

Slide 3LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

Wardhaugh Ch 5Wardhaugh Ch 5

Wardhaugh – Chapter 5 SPEECH COMMUNITY

Discuss Conn 2005 New Ways in Analyzing Variation (NWAV) presentation about Philadelphia

Slide 4LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

Wardhaugh Ch 5Wardhaugh Ch 5

Wardhaugh – Chapter 5 SPEECH COMMUNITYTheoretical dilemma defining “speech community” as a social construct

Milroy discusses that not all sociolinguistic variables have the same evaluation in different speech communities – (r) in NYC vs. EnglandGumprez uses linguistic community instead (see definition on p. 122)Somehow connect the social with the linguistic and capture the concept/belief that we as native speakers have when we speak a variety of a languageHymes discusses difference between participating in and being a member of speech community (see page 123-24)Question regarding nativity – does a community member have to be native to that community to participate in the speech community? (Horvath study)

Slide 5LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

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Wardhaugh – Chapter 5 SPEECH COMMUNITYWhat do we do about heterogeneous speech communities like London example? Or even Portland?The concept of belonging to a group is relative - Do you speak English, Western US English, or North Portland English?Community of Practice - (Eckert and McConnell-Ginet) - see definition p. 122 - group of people coming together to do something – more of a bottom-up approach (community defined by group members)

Slide 6LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

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Wardhaugh – Chapter 5 SPEECH COMMUNITY - NETWORKSDense = if you know and interact with people who also know and interact with the same people (all people in your network are connected)If not, then LooseMultiplex = if people in the network are tied to each other in multiple ways (you work, live with, hang out with your brother/sister)Social networks connected to social class (James and Leslie Milroy)Discuss Milroy & Milroy, 1992

Slide 7LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

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Milroy & Milroy SPEECH COMMUNITY – NETWORKS vs. Socioeconomic Class (SEC)Their Belfast study

Variables?Findings? P. 12

Weak ties vs. strong ties (Labov Martha’s vineyard study)What’s the difference between social network analysis and SEC analysis? Guy (1988) discusses micro- vs. macrosociological levels (p. 17). Also, Labov seems to use network as methodological tool rather than anlaysis tool – EXPLAIN

Slide 8LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011LING 432-532 – Sociolinguistics – Spring 2011

Wardhaugh Ch 5Wardhaugh Ch 5

Milroy & Milroy SPEECH COMMUNITY – NETWORKS vs. Socioeconomic Class (SEC)