Slide 1: Finding Wheels · Web viewNacogdoches, Texas Friday, November 1, 2019 Pre-Conference...

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Nacogdoches, Texas

Friday, November 1, 2019

Pre-Conference Session

Finding Wheels in 2019: A New Resource for Travelers in Their Teens or Early 20s

Presented by

L. Penny Rosenblum, Ph.D., Research Professor, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ [email protected] Anne L. Corn, Ed.D., Author, Austin, [email protected]

Developed for 2019 SWOMA Conference

mailto:[email protected]



Finding Wheels in 2019: A New Resource for Travelers in Their Teens or Early 20s

L. Penny Rosenblum, Ph.D., Research Professor, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ

Anne L. Corn, Ed.D., Author, Austin, TX

Slide 1: Finding WheelsDr. L. Penny RosenblumUniversity of [email protected] Dr. Anne L. CornProfessor Emerita, Vanderbilt [email protected]

Note: Due to the length of this Power Point we have opted to not include the title of slides that only have photos, videos or audio clips. During the presentation we will describe photos to the audience. ‘

Slide 2: Why Do We Need a Book that Focuses on Preparing Travelers to be Nondrivers or Low Vision Drivers?

We live in a culture where driving is assumed. “Independent travel” for nondrivers includes a complex set of

skills. To determine if one has the potential to be a low vision driver

and move through the process to become a low vision driver takes time and commitment.

2019 SWOMA Conference – Rosenblum, P. & Corn, A. Page 1




Slide 3: Finding Wheels (2019) Written for the traveler who is in high school or in his/her

early 20s. Contains 5 new scenarios of travelers that are up-to-date for

2019. Includes short vignettes of a range of travelers. Includes guest-authored pieces on technology in travel,

driver’s education, driving with low vision, and parent perspectives.

Has activities written for the traveler that allow application of content to the traveler’s life.

Slide 4: In the Introduction to Finding Wheels We State“Finding Wheels is for those who have either completed orientation and mobility instruction or who otherwise have acquired the skills needed as a pedestrian to be a safe traveler. The purpose of Finding Wheels is to improve travelers’ skills and to address the social aspects of traveling with a visual impairment.”



Slide 5: Chapter 1: Rev It Up: Laying the Foundation for “Finding Wheels”

Slide 6: Chapter 1 Objectives1.1 Understand the terminology used in Finding Wheels1.2 Describe the role of the orientation and mobility specialist1.3 Understand legislation providing for orientation and

mobility instruction1.4 Recognize the reasons travelers do or do not receive

orientation and mobility services1.5 Understand the relationship between effective travel

skills and the areas of the expanded core curriculum1.6 Explain the differences between independent,

interdependent, and dependent travel1.7 Describe how technology can support travelers

Slide 7: Three Types of Travelers Independent travelers: take control of their transportation

needs including planning, budgeting, problem solving, and managing the social aspects of travel

Interdependent travelers: at times everyone is interdependent, travelers need to strike a balance between independent and interdependent travel

Dependent travelers: lack the skills and/or the motivation to be independent or interdependent travelers



Slide 8: Finding Wheels Activity: Tech for TravelPurpose: To learn about technology that can assist you during travel and to try a variety of technology tools and evaluate their usefulness for you during travel.Steps to Do the Activity:

In order to learn about the technology others with visual impairments use during travel, you can interview both travelers and professionals.

Organize your notes from your interviews. Consider making a table as a way to help you put all the information about one type of feature or app together. Here is a sample of a table for apps.

Make a list of smartphone features and apps that you want to try for yourself.

When trying an app, write down what works for you and what challenges you.

Slide 9: Digital, Wearable Low Vision Devices Allows the user with low vision to receive information at near

or at a distance with greater detail. Aira, is a service that connects a traveler with a trained

agent who is in a remote location and provides visual information. Users need an app and “Smart Glasses” to use the service or if a business subscribes to Aira users can connect via the app. https://aira.io /


https://aira.io/

https://aira.io/


Slide 10: Digital, Wearable Low Vision Devices OrCam, which is positioned on a pair of glasses enables the

traveler to point to a sign, and the information on the sign is read aloud through an earpiece. https://www.orcam.com/en/

ESight is worn on the head and provides electronic magnification with a wide angle of vision. https://www.esighteyewear.com/#How-eSight-Works

NuEyes is worn like a pair of glasses and functions as a video magnifier for near or at a distance. This device can be voice activated. https://nueyes.com/nueyes-pro/

Slide 11: Caution About Wearable Technology Devices that cover the eyes of a traveler affect the traveler’s

field of view including restriction of peripheral vision. Discuss with travelers if devices should only be used when

stationary.

Slide 12: Chapter 2: Got Our Wheels: Meet Five TravelersBalance of travelers who are:

Blind and those with low vision Congenital vs. adventitiously visually impaired Living in different types of communities Making different choices after high school Comfortable and less comfortable with travel



Slide 13: Layla: Building My Travel Toolbox 22 years old Visual acuity of 20/200 Had TSVI services in K12 Received O&M through a summer program Went to culinary school after high school graduation

Slide 14: Harley: There’s an App for That! 20 years old Lives in a small city and attends community college Loves technology Was very angry when he was 16 and could not get a driver’s

license Walks and uses buses to travel and is pleased with his level

of independence

Slide 15: Javier: Hell No! I Won’t Go! 19 years old Recent high school graduate Lives in a rural community Attended a 10-week residential program where he reluctantly

worked with an O&M specialist Asks neighbors for a ride to/from choir practice



Slide 16: Ana Maria: I’m Not Too Sure About My Future Came to the US at age 10 from Guatemala Had a brain tumor at age 12 resulting in blindness Received O&M in high school, but the family did not want

any off-campus travel Lives with her boyfriend and works in a dentist’s office Is very nervous about taking the bus Her parents want her to move back home and go to college

Slide 17: Kendra: Getting My License 23 years old Diagnosed with Stargardt’s in 8th grade Grew up in a rural community but opted to attend college in

an urban community Learned about low vision driving her freshman year of

college and learned to drive her junior year Chooses not to drive in snow or rain

Slide 18: Chapter 3: Tuning Up Your Wheels: Understanding One’s

Visual Impairment and Its Implications for Nondriving and Low Vision Driving



Slide 19: Chapter 3 Objectives3.1 Name and describe one’s visual impairment including the

diagnosis, prognosis, and one’s functional use of vision3.2 Understand the type of information available in the

reports prepared by professionals3.3 Describe one’s visual needs to others during travel and

distinguish what information to provide to different individuals

3.4 Describe one’s feelings about being a nondriver 3.5 Identify reasons why some people without visual

impairments do not drive

Slide 20: Reflecting on Kendra’s ScenarioDo you remember when Kendra was excited when she learned she met the visual requirements to drive in her state?

Think About It: Why do you think it is important for travelers with low vision to understand how they can use their vision during travel?



Slide 21: The Challenges of Low Vision Low contrast sensitivity: difficulty seeing differences between

two surfaces - locating curbs, seeing walk lines, recognizing the bottom of a set of stairs and the start of the sidewalk

Poor color vision: difficulty identifying objects with color cues - identifying traffic light colors, recognizing blue from purple on the walls of a subway station

Low acuity: difficulty seeing detail - reading a map, reading street signs, identifying small objects in a path, locating and reading addresses

Slide 22: The Challenges of Low Vision (cont.) Light sensitivity: extreme sensitivity to normal light levels -

difficulty with sunlight directed toward the traveler, glare from reflections off a surface

Central field restriction: missing details directly ahead at a distance, - needing to turn one’s head or eyes, missing an object directly in front of the traveler

Mid- and far peripheral field restrictions: missing objects to the sides, especially those that are in near space; missing curbs; difficulties in low light environments

Poor night vision: having problems with dim light conditions such as dawn, night, or dusk – challenges entering a darkened place from a sunlit area



Slide 23: Finding Wheels Activity: Understanding My Visual Impairment and Sharing Information About it With OthersPurpose: To understand your own visual impairment by reviewing reports that [lists professionals] have prepared about you. Then, to develop a way to share key information with others, as appropriate, so they understand your visual abilities and needs during travel.Steps to Do the Activity:

Decide what reports to review and collect them. Read each report and Research terms and information you

don’t understand. Develop a way to present the information so others

understand your visual impairment and the way it affects you during travel.

Make a list of questions you still have and how you will get the information.



Slide 24: Chapter 4: Facilitating Changing Directions: On the Road to Independent Wheels

Slide 25: Chapter 4 Objectives4.1 Understand how orientation and mobility instruction can

support one’s development of travel skills.4.2 Describe the sequence of independent travel for those

with typical vision4.3 Describe rites of passage for individuals in

technologically oriented societies and how travelers participate in rites of passage

4.4 Recognize what travel-related skills one needs to learn for one’s current and future needs

4.5 Discuss how access to transportation can influence current and future lifestyle choices

4.6 Describe how nondrivers and low vision drivers structure their lives with respect to transportation



Slide 26: Sample Vignette: How O&M Instruction Can Support the Development of Travel SkillsHolly vividly recalls the day that she got her driver’s license at age 16 and the freedom it represented. Unfortunately, she also recalls the day 3 years ago when at 19 she caused a car accident because she did not see the car in front of her come to an unexpected stop. It was dusk and with her night blindness, she knew she shouldn’t be driving. She was only a kilometer from her apartment and thought she could make it home before dark. Holly carries a lot of guilt about hurting others in that accident. For a long time she didn’t want anything to do with rehabilitation services. She restricted her independent travel to daytime using the local bus and her bike. Recently though her vision has continued to decrease, and the eye doctor says the prognosis is that she will one day be blind. At the urging of her girlfriend, Holly reluctantly agrees to go to the local rehabilitation agency and find out about services. She knows it’s time to learn to use a cane, but the idea of putting her visual impairment out there terrifies her.

Question: What would you say to Holly to help her see the value of working with an orientation and mobility specialist and learning to use tools during travel?



Slide 27: Driver’s Education – Dr. Molly Pasley Reasons travelers may take driver’s education:

Requirement to earn a high school diploma. Understand what drivers do so she can anticipate their

behaviors when traveling independently Wants to understand what makes someone a safe driver. Exploring low vision driving and needs to develop the

understanding of information covered in the class

What are other reasons travelers should take driver’s education?

Slide 28: Driver’s Education (cont.)Advantages of taking driver’s education:

Learn about signage, street markings, and other content that can assist them in their own traveling

Learn about safe and unsafe driving behaviors Increase their knowledge so they can decide if a driver is

someone they are safe having drive them



Slide 29: Chapter 5: Personal Wheels: Walking, Biking, Rollerblading, and Skateboarding

Slide 30: Chapter 5 Objectives5.1 Examine the characteristics of each method of personal

travel5.2 Identify advantages and disadvantages of personal methods of travel

5.3 Solicit information from the internet, maps, and individuals to plan and carry out personal travel

5.4 Identify considerations for using personal travel including (a) deciding where to live, (b) safety, (c) scheduling, and (d) cost

5.5 Identify considerations for using a dog guide including (a) the advantages and disadvantages of traveling with a dog guide, (b) determining if a dog guide is right for you, (c) the need to educate the public when using a dog guide, and (d) the application and training process to become a dog guide user



Slide 31: Bicycling with Low Vision Understand and follow the rules of the road. Learn to use hand signals to effectively communicate with

drivers. Take a cycling class through parks and recreation or other

groups to learn bicycle safety and maintenance. Always wear a bicycle helmet. Use a mirror that allows you to monitor traffic behind you. Wear bright clothing that is reflective.

Slide 32: Bicycling with Low Vision (cont.) Pre-plan trips using a website or app Develop monitoring skills to watch for vehicles coming out of

driveways, vehicles running red lights, or changing traffic signals.

Practice a new route at off hours. Plan routes that maximize safety. Slow down when a light is green and you are approaching

an intersection so you arrive at the intersection when the light is turning yellow or red.

Wave drivers on since you can’t make eye contact. Avoid bicycling at dawn or dusk when you are less visible.



Slide 33: Safety: Personal Wheels Travel at times of day and on routes that are heavily traveled Be prepared for the weather Take a self defense class Have a charger and/or backup battery for mobile devices Carry a wide-angle flashlight or headlamp to provide extra

lighting in dim conditions Carry extra money and a credit card

Slide 34: Travelers Exploring Dog Guide Ownership Developing an understanding of how a dog guide team

works together Understanding the responsibility of dog guide ownership Recognizing the need to continually educate the public Understanding the application and training process Maintaining the training received



Slide 35: Finding Wheels Activity: Exploring a Future Community Where You Might LivePurpose: To consider a community in which you may live, the transportation options available in the community, and where specifically in the community you may live to maximize your transportation options.Steps to Do the Activity:

Gather and review information about the community by using the internet, making phone calls, or requesting information. Information to gather includes services available in the community, location of activities, and crime rates.

Make a list of your priorities for where you want to live in the community..

With a map of the community, locate places in the community where you might want to live.



Slide 36: Chapter 6: Public Wheels: Buses, Trains, Subways, Ferries, Airplanes, and Paratransit

Slide 37: Chapter 6 Objectives6.1 Identify the characteristics of public methods of travel

including buses, trains, subways, ferries and airplanes6.2 Identify the characteristics of paratransit services and

understand the qualification process to use these services

6.3 Identify advantages and disadvantages of public methods of travel including buses, trains, subways, ferries and airplanes and the advantages and disadvantages of paratransit services

6.4 Solicit information from the internet, maps, and individuals to plan and carry out travel using public transportation or paratransit

6.5 Recognize the importance of strong orientation, mobility, and communication skills when traveling using public transportation and how use of these skills may differ for those using paratransit services

6.6 Identify considerations for using public methods of travel including: (a) safety, (b) scheduling, and (c) cost



Slide 38: For Families and ProfessionalsFamily members and professionals supporting travelers who are exploring different public forms of transportation may wish to arrange experiences using a variety of methods, including paratransit services when appropriate. Even if family members are drivers, planning trips as a family using different forms of public transportation can be both fun and educational. Family members who are not familiar with public transportation options can enlist the help of others who use these options regularly and can take their child on an outing using a method the child is not familiar with. When families or professionals are using public methods of travel with children, it is important to give them responsibilities when planning for and during travel. A traveler can plan the route, call the company to get the time the bus leave a specific stop, pay the fare, and signal the driver when the family is at their stop.

Slide 39: When There are No Public Wheels Visit to a city where students pre-plan a trip Set the stage for students to meet and interact with others Invite an adult role model Opportunities to develop other ECC skills



Slide 40: Sample Vignette: The Importance of Strong O&M and Communication SkillsShaina has never liked to draw attention to herself. Her voice is low and she does not speak up. This became a problem for her when she started to take public transportation. She has good orientation and mobility skills, but she really has trouble asking others for information and assistance when she needs it. She likes to check the numbers on buses before boarding when she is traveling to a location that is not familiar to her. Invariably, the bus door will open, she uses her hearing and cane to find the door, and then she asks, “Is this the bus going to Floral Park?” Almost every time she does this the bus driver barks, “Speak up” or some such statement. She finds it hard to summon up her courage and finally get out what she wants to ask in an audible voice. Because of her problem with projecting her voice, she does not ask the driver to call out her stop. The result of her inability to communicate well makes her nervous each time she must go somewhere new. Often, she chooses not to go because she is so nervous about having to talk to people during travel and she doesn’t fully trust the bus company’s app to be accurate on where the bus is located on its route.

Question: Are there any personal challenges like the ones Shaina has that make you uncomfortable taking different forms of public transportation? What are these and how can you handle them?



Slide 41: Safety: Public Wheels Consider using an identification cane Be prepared with a flashlight or one on a mobile device Have the fare or fare card out and ready Keep belongings close Stay back when at a platform that doesn’t have safety

features

Slide 42: Chapter 7: Drivers Providing Wheels: Rideshare Services, Taxis, Volunteers, Carpools, Arranged Rides, and Rides with Family and Friends

Slide 43: Chapter 7 Objectives7.1 Identify the characteristics of taxis; rideshare services;

carpools; volunteer drivers; arranged rides; rides with family, friends, or co-workers; and rides with a private driver

7.2 Identify advantages and disadvantages of riding with various types of drivers

7.3 Describe the process for advertising for and hiring a private driver

7.4 Identify considerations for using various types of drivers including: (a) safety, (b) scheduling, (c) route planning, and (c) cost

7.5 Recognize ways a traveler can support and assist a driver



Slide 44: Learning About Rideshare Services How much does Uber cost? Do you tip the driver? How do you know where to meet the driver? Where do you have the driver drop you off? Do you feel safe using Uber? What if I don’t like the driver?

Slide 45:

Ideas Shared I’m doing this.

I can do this.

Not for me!

Take a self-defense class X

Carry money & ID in front pocket X

Tell someone X

Sit near front of the bus X

Look tough! X

Update rideshare app X

Look both ways X



Slide 46: Letting a Taxi or Rideshare Driver Know You are a Traveler with a Visual ImpairmentWhat a traveler might share:

What the traveler is wearing Where specifically the traveler is waiting (e.g., on the bench,

by a door with a specific sign on it, on the north side of the building)

if the traveler has a white cane, dog guide, wheelchair, or other mobility device

if the traveler wants the driver to signal the vehicle has arrived, for example by flashing the headlights or calling out the traveler’s name

When a traveler might share: Text / call 2-5 minutes out to give the pertinent information Tell the dispatcher / scheduler when setting up the ride

Slide 47: The “Dance” Between Travelers and Drivers They Know

When is a good time to ask for a ride? If the driver says “no,” do you ask another time? How do you reciprocate? If the driver says “no money” does

she really mean it? How do you work your transportation needs around the

driver’s needs? How do you know when you are a real or

perceived burden? How do you know when you are overstepping?



Slide 48: Finding Wheels Activity: Hiring My Own DriverPurpose: To advertise for a driver, interview a driver, and hire a driver. Steps to do the Activity:

Develop an advertisement Share your advertisement Develop your interview questions Conduct your interviews Decide on who to hire

This can be a good activity to do as a role play.

Slide 49: Safety: When a Travelers Feels Unsafe Speak to the driver using a statement such as, “Would you

mind slowing down? You are making me nervous.” Text a friend and ask that person to call you. After taking the

call ask to be let off at a nearby destination and arrange other transportation.

If using a taxi or rideshare service, contact the company to state the concern.

Call an emergency number (e.g., 911) if in true danger. Use an app to let others know your location and that you feel

unsafe. Ask the driver to stop for you to use the restroom, then exit. Use your smartphone to follow the route and if the driver is

varying from the route, suggest an alternative route.



Slide 50: Considerations When Planning a Route for a Driver Traffic patterns (e.g., avoid school zones, shift changes) Number of traffic lights on a given road, train tracks,

drawbridges, etc. The location of businesses the traveler needs to visit The amount of traffic at the specific time of day Whether there are reports of accidents or traffic congestion

along the route A Skill to Have: Programming an app or GPS to avoid certain types of roads such as interstates.



Slide 51: Chapter 8: Bioptic Wheels: Low Vision Driving

Slide 52: Chapter 8 Objectives8.1 Understand how a bioptic telescopic system is used by a

low vision driver.8.2 Recognize reasons why some professionals and some

family members may not recommend or support a traveler in exploring low vision driving.

8.3 Describe positive and negative personal feelings about the possibility of low vision driving with a bioptic telescopic system.

8.4 Understand the necessary steps to becoming a licensed low vision driver.

8.5 Determine whether one meets the visual requirements of their licensing agency to pursue driving with low vision.

Slide 53: Chapter 8 Objectives (cont.)8.6 Have an introductory understanding of pre-driver

awareness skills and behind-the-wheel skills needed for low vision driving.

8.7 Understand differences between the visual experiences of low vision and typically sighted drivers.

8.8 Identify available resources for learning to become a low vision driver and the testing procedures for securing a license.

8.9 Understand some of the legal and self-imposed restrictions in driving experience by low vision drivers.

8.10 Understand the costs associated with becoming a low vision driver.



Slide 54: Reasons Professionals May Opt to Support Travelers Exploring Low Vision Driving

Travelers deserve to know all their options. Travelers must meet the vision criteria set by the licensing

agency. The licensing agency, not the vision professional, will make

the ultimate determination. Low vision drivers know their limits and often place more

restrictions on themselves than do licensing agencies.

Slide 55: Reasons Professionals May Not Support the Idea of Travelers Driving The individual:

Cannot envision a person with low vision driving Doesn’t understand how a low vision driver uses a BTS

when driving Believes that people who meet the legal definition of

blindness are blind and do not have vision to drive a vehicle safely

Believes that professionals’ time should not be spent providing services to travelers who can already travel independently as sighted pedestrians

Believes that people with low vision should learn blindness skills rather than to use their vision

Member has some responsibility for the accident.



Slide 56: Steps Travelers Need to Take to Become a Licensed Low Vision Driver

Decide if learning about low vision driving is important Have a CLVE and meet criteria for low vision driving Obtain a BTS Learn the process to drive and how to use the BTS while

driving Pass the test to become a licensed driver

Slide 57: For ProfessionalsIntroduce and reinforce skills by having the potential low vision driver sit in the front right passenger seat of a vehicle. The professional can reinforce the skills of:

distance viewing skills, for example: eye lead or forward scan, eye and head scanning, and establishing and maintaining an adequate following distance from the vehicle ahead in lane

critical object and condition awareness skills, for example recognizing when something moves into the driver’s lane, being able to detect when it is safe to change lanes, recognizing that a car is slowing in front of you

basic bioptic usage skills, for example knowing when to use or not use the telescope portion of the BTS, interpret what is seen through the telescope, ensuring the user moves in and out of the telescope quickly

defensive driving skills, for example knowing how to monitor other cars and what they are about to do



Slide 58: Challenges for Drivers with Low Vision See and understand faces or non-verbal communication of

other drivers at a 4-way stop Read electronic road signs See well inside of or when leaving a tunnel Drive in the direction of the rising or setting sun See all the information on the vehicle’s built in navigation

screen or on the screen of a mobile device Read labels and icons within the vehicle for specific features

and warnings (e.g., gas gauge alert has come on)

Slide 59: Licensing Agency or Self-Imposed RestrictionsNot driving:

At night If it is raining, snowing etc. In cities where there is a lot of traffic On highways or interstates With people uncomfortable with a driver using a BTS Young children unless there is another adult in the vehicle With people who are distracting (e.g., talk too much, tell

them how to drive)

Slide 60: “My Personal Experience Driving with Low Vision” Written by Matt Bailey “Driving brings freedom of course, but for me, it’s also a whole lot of fun! Being behind the wheel on an open road on a nice afternoon is simply a great feeling. It can be stressful, especially when there’s lots of traffic or situations you didn’t expect. However, it’s one of the few things that’s as awesome as an adult, as I imagined it would be when I was a child.”



Slide 61: Chapter 9: Funding Wheels: Budgeting, Funding, Exchanging, and Reciprocating

Slide 62: Chapter 9 Objectives9.1 Compare the cost of travel for drivers and nondrivers9.2 List ways travelers can fund their transportation and what

they should consider when planning their travel budget 9.3 Describe considerations for making and using a

transportation budget

Slide 63: For FamiliesMany families contribute to the purchase, insurance, or maintenance of a vehicle for their teenage or young adult child. When a family has a child who is a potential nondriver they may wish to consider setting up a transportation account with the same or similar amount of money that they would have contributed if the nondriver was a driver. The account can only be used by the nondriver for transportation costs such as using rideshare services, paying gas money to a friend, or buying a monthly bus pass. Having this type of an account allows the traveler to develop skills in budgeting for transportation and making decisions on which method of travel to use. Families may have their child contribute to the transportation account with money earned or received as gifts, in the same way they would have their children who are drivers contribute.



Slide 64: What Can I Exchange to Get a Ride? babysitting pet sitting dog walking house sitting cleaning tutoring someone cooking or baking doing yard work providing technology support teaching someone to play a musical instrument teaching someone braille or another VI skill



Slide 65: Chapter 10: Making Your Wheels Run Smoothly: Social Skills, Problem Solving, and Waiting for Transportation

Slide 66: Chapter 10 Objectives10.1 Describe why it is important for travelers to have well

developed social skills10.2 Identify the frustrations and benefits of being a

nondriver10.3 Develop skills in assertiveness and problem solving to

use during travel10.4 Explain whom they can talk to about their feelings

related to being a nondriver 10.5 List several activities that can be done while waiting for

transportation or in transit10.6 Describe positive aspects of gaining control over one’s

transportation needs

Slide 67: Reflecting on Ana Maria’s ScenarioDo you remember how Ana Maria was nervous about texting Mateo to ask him for rides? She felt isolated and her Mom thought she was also spending too much time alone or just with Mateo. Think About It: What types of frustrations do nondrivers have? How do their frustrations compared to those of drivers?



Slide 68: Just a Few of the Frustrations of Being a Nondriver Carrying objects throughout the day Lack of spontaneity Having limited choices of housing because of needing to be

near public transportation, where you work, shop etc. Feeling isolated when others don’t offer rides Waiting for late rides Feeling frustration or doubt in a dating relationship Feeling like you don’t belong in the carpool because you

can’t take a turn driving Having people ask “Who brought you here?” as they are

assuming the traveler cannot get anywhere on his own Feeling frustrated with people who don’t understand the

logistical or emotional impact of nondriving



Slide 69: Frustrations for Low Vision Drivers Finding out they live in a state or province where they can’t

drive due to what they consider to be arbitrary visual standards

Visual fatigue when driving Having to be both a low vision driver and a nondriver Lacking support from family and friends who don’t believe

they should be learning to drive with low vision Hearing negative comments from people Learning that people they are close to won’t be a passenger

in a car with a low vision driver Feeling like people are evaluating them when they are

driving Having their driving critiqued by family and friends in a

different way they have critiqued others with typical vision



Slide 70: Benefits of Being a Nondriver Enjoying the social aspects of going places with someone

else Not experiencing the stresses of driving Not having the expense of owning and maintaining a vehicle Not having to be the “designated driver” Affording to live in a city with good transportation while not

having the high expense of having a vehicle in a city Not having to search for parking Not having to figure out transportation when a vehicle is

getting repaired Getting more exercise because of using personal methods of

travel Spending less each month on transportation than those who

own and maintain vehicles

Slide 71: Have a Back-Up Plan Pre-program telephone numbers of those to call or text if a

problem arises. Have notes on public transportation routes the traveler can

take if there is a problem with another form of transportation Carry cash, a debit card, or a credit card for unexpected

expenses Already have a rideshare service set up on a mobile device Carry extra water and snacks to be prepared for delays.



Texas School for the Blind & Visually

Outreach Program

Figure 1 TSBVI logo

Figure 2 IDEAs that Work logo.

This project is supported by the U.S. Department of Education, Special Education Program (OSEP). Opinions expressed here are the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the Department of Education.

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