Slide 1: Euglena acus

Slide 2: Diatoms

Slide 3: Paramecium caudatum

Slide 4: Stentor coeruleus

Slide 5: Ameoba proteus

Slide 6: Radiolarians

Slide 7: Foraminifera

Questions:

1. Why are ground-up diatoms sometimes used in powdered cleansers?

2. Which protist that you observed do you think is the most advanced?

3. Why is it more advanced? 4. In which protist that you observed could you

identify the most organelles? 5. How many organelles could you see and

identify?

CH 19 Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protists

Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protista “The Junk Drawer Kingdom”

Single-celled (mostly) Eukaryotic (have organelles) 3 types of protists:

1. Animal-like: Protozoans 2. Plant-like: Algae 3. Fungus-like: Slime Molds

Plant-like Protists: Algae

Live in water Autotrophs Make almost one-half of the worlds

carbohydrates and oxygen

Slime molds

Heterotrophic organisms that decompose organics to obtain energy.

•Move like amoeba during much of life cycle•Reproduce with spores (like fungi)

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How do they move?

Amoebas - pseudopod (false

foot) Flagellates - ? Ciliates - ?

How do they reproduce?

1. Asexually: dividing into 2 identical cells

2. Sexually: “Conjugation”- offspring get characteristics from both parents

Sensing and Responding

Eyespot- senses changes in light, can move to food, away from harmful chemicals

Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protista “The Junk Drawer Kingdom”

REMEMBER! 3 types of protists:

1. Animal-like: Protozoans 2. Plant-like: Algae 3. Fungus-like: Slime Molds

Now for some representative protists. . .

Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans

Protozoan Ex 1: Amoebas

Heterotrophs Use PSEUDOPODS,

aka “false feet,” to move & trap food

Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans

Protozoan Ex 2: Giardia

Intestinal parasite from contaminated

water Symptoms: tired,

weight-loss, diarrhea

Use FLAGELLA to move

Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans

Protozoan Ex 3: Trypanosomes

Causes African Sleeping Sickness: Fatal! Fever, chills,

skin rash, affects nervous system

In blood, spread by Tsetse flies in Africa

Use FLAGELLA to move

Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans

Protozoan Ex 4: Paramecium

Use CILIA to move and to bring food into their mouth pore

Food is packaged into vacuoles and chemically broken down

Waste leaves through anal pore

Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans

Protozoan Ex 5: Sporozoans

Produce spores to reproduce Parasites live in blood Plasmodium causes malaria,

Deadly - kills 3 million every year Mosquitoes transfer infected blood

Protists: Protozoans- plasmodium

Plant-like Protists: Algae

Algae Ex 1: Euglena

Have chloroplasts- make food from light

Flagellum to move Eyespot to locate

food Heterotroph and

Autotroph!

Plant-like Protists: Algae

Algae Ex 2: Diatoms

Hard shell made of silica (glass)

Die, shells build up on the ocean bottom

collected and used for soaps and scouring powders

Plant-like Protists: Algae

Algae Ex 2: Diatoms

Plant-Like Protists: Algae

Ex 3: Dinoflagellates

Dinoflagellate Structure

2 unequal flagella

Cell wall with plates of cellulose

Dinoflagellates- Red Tide

Dinoflagellates cause Red Tide

Massive blooms Produce toxins Kills fish Stored in mussels and clam tissue Causes Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning

(PSP)

PSP (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) Toxin

Neurotoxin 1000X power of cyanide No antidote, need immediate

medical attention, life support equipment

Low dose? w/ treatment, symptoms gone in 9 hours

PSP Symptoms

Numbness, tingling around mouth Vomiting, diarrhea Double vision Respiratory paralysis, death

Dinoflagellates Bioluminescence

Protists: Algae

Ex 4: Seaweed Have chloroplasts Many cells

together, up to 60 cm long and some 100 m tall (giant kelp)

Red, green, brown In many foods

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Protists: Osmosis- water balance

Water moves through cell membrane from high concentration of water to low concentration of water

In fresh water, a protist cell may burst, so protists collect water and push it back out

Protists: Osmosis in Cells

Osmosis- water balance

Contractile Vacuole in Paramecium

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