Sleep Apnoea ,Snoring and Sleep Related Disorders

8/12/2019 Sleep Apnoea ,Snoring and Sleep Related Disorders

1/16

Sleep apnoea ,snoring and

sleep related disordersDR DEBASISH DATTA MAJUMDERM.S, MRCS (Edin), DOHNS ( England)

Consultant ENT and Head Neck Surgery

Columbia Asia Hospital,Whitefield


2/16

What is Sleep apnoea??

Apnoea: Cessation of breathing

During sleep

Periods when your breathing stops for

10 seconds or more when you sleep.

Brief spells of wakefulness which the

individual is not aware of.

Disturbed sleep.


3/16

Obstructive Sleep apnoea


4/16

What Happens?

Throat muscles become so relaxedand floppy during sleep that they

cause a narrowing or even a complete

blockage of the airway. If the passage is narrow it produces

snoring


5/16

What Happens??

Complete blockage :then your breathingactually stops (apnoea) for around 10seconds.

Your blood oxygen level then goes down and

this is detected by your brain. Your brain then tells you to wake up and you

make an extra effort to breathe. you start to breathe again with a few deep

breaths. You will normally go back off to sleep again

quickly and will not even be aware that youhave woken up.


6/16


7/16

Ask your spouse

you stop breathing for a short time,

then make a loud snore and a snort,

perhaps even sound as if you are

briefly choking, briefly wake up, and then get straight

back off to sleep.


8/16

When do we call it OSA

You need to have at least fiveepisodes of apnoea events per hour of

sleep.

Mild OSA - between 5-14 episodes anhour.

Moderate OSA - between 15-30

episodes an hour. Severe OSA - more than 30 episodes

an hour.


9/16

Consequenses

Daytime sleepiness. This is often differentto just being tired. People with severe OSA

may fall asleep during the day, with serious

consequences. For example, when driving,

Poor concentration and mental functioning

during the day. This can lead to problems at

work.

Not feeling refreshed on waking.

Morning headaches.

Depression.

Being irritable during the day.


10/16

Risks

High Blood Pressure

Heart Attack

Stroke

Death


11/16

Who are predisposed?

Overweight and obesity, particularly if youhave a thick neck,

Drinking alcoholin the evening. Alcoholrelaxes muscles more than usual and makesthe brain less responsive an apnoea episode.

Enlarged tonsils.

Taking sedative drugs such as sleepingtablets or tranquilisers.

Sleeping on your back rather than on yourside.

Having a small or receding lower jaw (a jawthat is set back further than normal).

Smoking.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/Alcohol-and-Sensible-Drinking.htmhttp://www.patient.co.uk/health/smoking-the-factshttp://www.patient.co.uk/health/smoking-the-factshttp://www.patient.co.uk/health/Alcohol-and-Sensible-Drinking.htm


12/16

So What can be done??

Lifestyle modifications: a) Losing weight if you are obese

b) Not drinking alcohol for 4-6

hoursbefore going to bed.

c) Not using sedative drugs.

d) Stopping smoking if you are asmoker.

e) Sleeping on your side and in asemi-

propped position.


13/16

Surgery

Correction of crooked nasal partitionwall

Tonsil and adenoids surgery

Uvulopalatoplasty


14/16

GOLD STANDARD

CPAP


15/16


16/16

Sleep Apnoea ,Snoring and Sleep Related Disorders

Documents

Transcript of Sleep Apnoea ,Snoring and Sleep Related Disorders