Skeletal.roxy

7/25/2019 Skeletal.roxy

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The Skeletal System


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The Skeletal SystemThe Skeletal System

Slide 5.1

Parts of the skeletal system

Bones (skeleton)

Joints Cartilages

Ligaments (bone to bone)(tendon=bone to

muscle) Diided into t!o diisions

"#ial skeleton

"$$endicular skeleton % limbs and girdle


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&unctions of Bones&unctions of Bones

Slide 5.2

Su$$ort of the body

Protection of soft organs

'oement due to attached skeletal

muscles

Storage of minerals and fats

Blood cell formation


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Bones of the uman BodyBones of the uman Body

Slide 5.3

The skeleton has *+ bones

T!o basic ty$es of bone tissue

Com$act bone

omogeneous

S$ongy bone

Small needle,like$ieces of bone

'any o$en s$aces

&igure -.b


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Classification of BonesClassification of Bones

Slide 5.4a

Long bones

Ty$ically longer than !ide

ae a shaft !ith heads at both ends

Contain mostly com$act bone/ 0#am$les1 &emur2 humerus


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Slide 5.4b

Short bones

3enerally cube,sha$e

Contain mostly s$ongy bone

0#am$les1 Car$als2 tarsals


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Classification of Bones on theClassification of Bones on the

Basis of Sha$eBasis of Sha$e

Slide 5.4cCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

&igure -.4


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Slide 5.5a

&lat bones

Thin and flattened

5sually cured

Thin layers of com$act bone around a layer

of s$ongy bone

0#am$les1 Skull2 ribs2 sternum


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Slide 5.5bCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

6rregular bones

6rregular sha$e

Do not fit into other bone classification

categories

0#am$le1 7ertebrae and hi$


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Classification of Bones on theClassification of Bones on the

Basis of Sha$eBasis of Sha$e

Slide 5.5cCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

&igure -.4


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3ross "natomy of a Long Bone3ross "natomy of a Long Bone

Slide 5.6

Dia$hysis

Shaft

Com$osed ofcom$act bone

0$i$hysis

0nds of the bone

Com$osed mostly ofs$ongy bone

&igure -.a


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Structures of a Long BoneStructures of a Long Bone

Slide 5.7Copyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Periosteum 8utside coering of

the dia$hysis

&ibrous connectietissue membrane

Shar$ey9s fibers

Secure $eriosteum to

underlying bone "rteries

Su$$ly bone cells!ith nutrients

&igure -.c


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Slide 5.8aCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

"rticular cartilage

Coers the

e#ternal surface ofthe e$i$hyses

'ade of hyaline

cartilageDecreases friction

at :oint surfaces &igure -.a


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Slide 5.8bCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

'edullary caity

Caity of the shaft

Contains yello!marro! (mostly fat)

in adults

Contains red marro!(for blood cell

formation) in infants &igure -.a


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Bone 'arkings , Page 44;Bone 'arkings , Page 44;

Slide 5.9Copyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Surface features of bones

Sites of attachments for muscles2 tendons2

and ligaments

Passages for neres and blood essels

Categories of bone markings

Pro:ections and $rocesses % gro! out from the

bone surface

De$ressions or caities % indentations


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'icrosco$ic "natomy of Bone'icrosco$ic "natomy of Bone

SlideCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

8steon (aersian System)

" unit of bone

Central (aersian) canal

8$ening in the center of an osteon

Carries blood essels and neres

Perforating (7olkman9s) canal Canal $er$endicular to the central canal

Carries blood essels and neres


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'icrosco$ic "natomy of Bone'icrosco$ic "natomy of Bone

SlideCopyright2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

&igure -.

Skeletal.roxy

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