Skeletal SystemSkeletal System

BonesBones

JointsJoints

Connecting TissueConnecting Tissue

Trivia QuestionTrivia Question

• Who has more bones?

Answer…..Answer…..

Babies vs. AdultsBabies vs. Adults

• Babies = 300 bones

• Adults = 206 bones

Bones: Living or Dead?Bones: Living or Dead?• Living!!!

– Living tissue composed of cells. – Bone cells need food and oxygen to grow,

strengthen, work, and repair themselves.

Importance of Skeletal System?Importance of Skeletal System?• Movement

– Provide points of attachment for muscles. • Our body can only move because our muscles

pull on our bones, which then moves our body.

Importance of Skeletal System…Importance of Skeletal System…• Support

– Vertebrae• Supports your head and upper body and

protects your spinal cord• Without your skeletal your body would collapse

into a heap on the floor.

Importance of Skeletal System…Importance of Skeletal System…• Protection

– Bones of skull protect brain– Ribs protect heart and lungs from injury

Importance of Skeletal System…Importance of Skeletal System…• Blood Cell Formation

– Provide red and white blood cells• Marrow is the tissue that produces these cells

inside the center of the bone

Importance of Skeletal System…Importance of Skeletal System…

• Storage– Bones store minerals (calcium, phosphorus)

for use when needed by your body.

What are Joints?What are Joints?• They are where bones come together.

JointsJoints• Hinge Joints

– Elbows and Knees• Moves in only one direction

JointsJoints• Gliding Joints

– Wrists and ankles– Enable bones to slide over one another– Not great range of motion

JointsJoints• Pivot Joints

– Between neck and head– Moves from side-to-side and up and down– Rotates on an axis (off your neck)– Limited range of motion to the side

JointsJoints

• Ball-and-socket Joints– Hips and shoulders– Move in all directions– Shoulder has greatest range of motion– Bone fits in tight and secure into socket– Extremely painful when dislocated

Ball and Socket JointBall and Socket Joint

““Connectors” in the BodyConnectors” in the Body

• Cartilage

• Ligaments

• Tendons

ConnectorsConnectors

• Cartilage– Tough, flexible tissue similar to bone. Acts

as a cushion between bones at a joint and protects the bones.

• Prevents the bones from rubbing together and wearing down the bone.

• Between your vertebrae there is cartilage.• Knee contains cartilage.• Nose and ears made of cartilage.

CartilageCartilage

• Why are our nose and ears made of cartilage instead of bones?

Connectors in the BodyConnectors in the Body• Ligaments

– Strong cords of tissue that connect bones at the joints.

– They hold the bones in place!

Connectors in the BodyConnectors in the Body• Tendons

– Tough bands of tissue that attach your muscles to bones (Achilles tendon)

LOOK AWAY IF YOU DON’T WANT TO SEE BLOODY

STUFF!!!

How Do I Prevent This?!!??!?

Warning: LOOK AWAY if you don’t like gross stuff.

OUCH!!!!!!!OUCH!!!!!!!

Keeping Your Bones HealthyKeeping Your Bones Healthy

• They need regular exercise to stay as strong as possible.

• Drink milk and other dairy products (low-fat cheese, frozen yogurt, and ice cream). – Contain calcium which helps bones harden

and become strong.

Bones of the BodyBones of the Body

• Take out your yellow diagram sheet

Questions?????Questions?????