Skeletal System - All Saints Middle School Science · 5 Functions of the Skeletal System 1....
Transcript of Skeletal System - All Saints Middle School Science · 5 Functions of the Skeletal System 1....
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Skeletal System
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The Skeletal System in Action !!
►The Skeletal System in Action!
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5 Functions of the Skeletal System
1. Movement: Skeletal system provides points of attachment for muscles.Your legs and arms move when the muscles pull on the bones.
2. Support: The backbone is the main support center for the upper body. It holds your head up and protects your spinal cord.
Muscle attached to bones!!
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5 Functions of the Skeletal System
3. Protection: The bones of your skull protect your brain. Your ribs protect your lungs and heart from injury.
4. Makes Blood: Red and white blood cells are formed by tissue called marrow, which is in the center of the bone.
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5 Functions of the Skeletal System
►5. Storage: Bones store minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, for use by the body
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Two Major Skeletal System Parts
► Axial Skeleton: The axial skeleton includes the skull, spine, ribs and sternum.
► Appendicular Skeleton: The appendicular skeleton includes the appendages of the body, which are the shoulders, arms, hips, and legs.
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Skeletal System Bones
►Four basic bone shapes 1. Long- arms, legs and fingers
2. Short- wrist and ankles
3. Flat- skull and sternum
4. Irregular- spine
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Bone Structure
►Typical Four Layers: Periosteum: Covers
Bones Compact Bone: Lies
beneath the periosteum
Spongy Bone: Lies beneath the compact bone
Bone Marrow: Fills the gaps between the spongy bone
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Cranium Bones
Frontal Bone
Occipital BoneTemporal
Bone
Parietal Bone Parietal Bone
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Maxilla and Mandible
Maxilla
Mandible
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Clavicle or Collarbone
►The clavicle, or collar bone, holds the shoulder joint away from the rest of the upper body and is only as thick as your little finger.
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Scapula
►The scapula is located on the back side of the ribcage and helps provide part of the shoulder joint and movement for the arms.
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Vertebral Column or Spinal Cord
1) The cervical region (neck bones)
2) The thorasic region (what the ribs attach to)
3) The lumbar region (the lower
part of the back)
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Coccyx and Sacrum
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Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)
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Metacarpals (Top of Hands)
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Phalanges (Little Fingers)
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Rib Cage
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Sternum (Breastbone)
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Pelvis (Dancing Bone)
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Femur(Largest Bone in the Body)
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The Tibia and Fibula
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Tarsals
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Metatarsals
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Phalanges
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Calcaneous
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Skeletal System Review
My Videos\wholebodyskeleton.mov
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Joints of the Body
►Ball and Socket Joint: Round end of
bone fitting snuggly within another bone.
Ex. Shoulder and Hip
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Joints of the Body
►Hinge Joint:Movement at joint in one direction like a door. Ex. Knee and Elbow
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Joints of the Body
► Pivot Joint: Bone resting atop another bone permitting free movement. Ex. Neck, Wrist and
Ankles
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Joints of the Body
►Fixed Immovable:Joint does not move Ex. Skull
►Gliding Joint: Bones slipping over other bones with a free flowing movement. Ex. Knuckles
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The Connectors of the Body
► Ligaments: Connect
bone to bone
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The Connectors of the Body!!
►Tendon: Attaches muscles to bones
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The Connectors of the Body
►Cartilage: It acts as a cushion between bones at a joint and protects the bones.
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Problems of the Skeletal System
►Fracture: Break ►Dislocation: Out of joint
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Problems of the Skeletal System
►Sprain: Swelling in the joint
►Arthritis: Inflamed and stiff joints
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Problems of the Skeletal System!!
►Scoliosis: Curvature of the spine
►Osteoporosis: Brittle bones