SKA –International Update...– Overall SKA concept design, with costing – Detailed SKA Phase 1...
Transcript of SKA –International Update...– Overall SKA concept design, with costing – Detailed SKA Phase 1...
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
SKA – International Update
Peter HallInternational SKA Project Engineer
Sydney, August 23, 2007
www.skatelescope.orgwww.skatelescope.orgwww.skatelescope.orgwww.skatelescope.org
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPOSKA development approach
� Astronomy & Astronomy & Astronomy & Astronomy & engineering iterationengineering iterationengineering iterationengineering iteration– Science specs early 2008
� International system International system International system International system design effortdesign effortdesign effortdesign effort– Intensifying in PrepSKA
� Strong emphasis on Strong emphasis on Strong emphasis on Strong emphasis on technology technology technology technology demonstrationdemonstrationdemonstrationdemonstration– Retire risk as early as
possible– Regional pathfinders are Regional pathfinders are Regional pathfinders are Regional pathfinders are
crucialcrucialcrucialcrucial» > €200M investment
� Focus on:Focus on:Focus on:Focus on:– Aggressive cost reduction
strategies– Industry engagement
» To deliver SKA on required timescales
Reference Designtechnologies
1% (pathfinders) 1% (pathfinders) 1% (pathfinders) 1% (pathfinders) ���� 10% (SKA Phase 1) 10% (SKA Phase 1) 10% (SKA Phase 1) 10% (SKA Phase 1) ���� 100% (SKA)100% (SKA)100% (SKA)100% (SKA)
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPOSKA antenna applications
3333----25252525
0.30.30.30.3----3 3 3 3
0.30.30.30.3----1111
0.10.10.10.1----0.30.30.30.3
Frequency Frequency Frequency Frequency rangerangerangerange(GHz)(GHz)(GHz)(GHz)
ATA, TDP, ATA, TDP, ATA, TDP, ATA, TDP, meerKATmeerKATmeerKATmeerKAT
ASKAP, ASKAP, ASKAP, ASKAP, APERTIFAPERTIFAPERTIFAPERTIF
SKADSSKADSSKADSSKADSLOFAR, LOFAR, LOFAR, LOFAR, MWA, LWAMWA, LWAMWA, LWAMWA, LWA
Pathfinders Pathfinders Pathfinders Pathfinders or Design or Design or Design or Design StudiesStudiesStudiesStudies
HighHighHighHigh----band band band band arrayarrayarrayarray
(to ~1 GHz)(to ~1 GHz)(to ~1 GHz)(to ~1 GHz)(to ~0.5 GHz)(to ~0.5 GHz)(to ~0.5 GHz)(to ~0.5 GHz)
Imaging midImaging midImaging midImaging mid----band arrayband arrayband arrayband array
AllAllAllAll----sky sky sky sky monitormonitormonitormonitor
LowLowLowLow----bandbandbandband““““EoREoREoREoR”””” arrayarrayarrayarray
Dish + Dish + Dish + Dish + SingleSingleSingleSingle----Pixel Pixel Pixel Pixel FeedFeedFeedFeed
Dish + Dish + Dish + Dish + Phased Phased Phased Phased Array FeedArray FeedArray FeedArray Feed
Dense Dense Dense Dense Aperture Aperture Aperture Aperture ArrayArrayArrayArray
Sparse Sparse Sparse Sparse Aperture Aperture Aperture Aperture ArrayArrayArrayArray
MidMidMidMid----band SKA is the focus of intense Pathfinder activityband SKA is the focus of intense Pathfinder activityband SKA is the focus of intense Pathfinder activityband SKA is the focus of intense Pathfinder activity
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
2000
Sites
short-listed ‘1% SKA’
Science
ScienceScienceScienceSciencecase case case case
publishedpublishedpublishedpublished PrepSKA
preparatory phase
activities ‘10% SKA’
Science
98 2002 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 18 22
Feasibility Feasibility Feasibility Feasibility studies and studies and studies and studies and
concept concept concept concept demonstrationdemonstrationdemonstrationdemonstration
Full arrayFull arrayFull arrayFull arrayconstructionconstructionconstructionconstruction100% SKA100% SKA100% SKA100% SKA
SKA
Complete
Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1constructionconstructionconstructionconstruction10% SKA10% SKA10% SKA10% SKA
SKA timeline
ReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceDesignDesignDesignDesignselectedselectedselectedselected
Pathfinder suite construction
ExternalExternalExternalExternal reviewreviewreviewreviewof topof topof topof top----level level level level designdesigndesigndesign
Concept designConcept designConcept designConcept design PrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKA systemsystemsystemsystem designdesigndesigndesign
Initial specs for Phase 1 Initial specs for Phase 1 Initial specs for Phase 1 Initial specs for Phase 1 and full SKA and full SKA and full SKA and full SKA
Detailed Phase 1 design &Detailed Phase 1 design &Detailed Phase 1 design &Detailed Phase 1 design &toptoptoptop----level SKA designlevel SKA designlevel SKA designlevel SKA design
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
SKA preparatory phase: PrepSKA(2008 – 2011)
� WP1: WP1: WP1: WP1: PrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKA managementmanagementmanagementmanagement� WP2: SKA system designWP2: SKA system designWP2: SKA system designWP2: SKA system design
– Includes Initial Verification System – Establishes ISPO Central Design Integration Team (CDIT)
» 15 engineers» Located Manchester, UK
� WP3: Continuing site selection processWP3: Continuing site selection processWP3: Continuing site selection processWP3: Continuing site selection process– Regional, international, joint projects
� WP4: GovernanceWP4: GovernanceWP4: GovernanceWP4: Governance� WP5:WP5:WP5:WP5: Industry and procurement policyIndustry and procurement policyIndustry and procurement policyIndustry and procurement policy� WP6: Funding modelWP6: Funding modelWP6: Funding modelWP6: Funding model� WP7: Implementation strategyWP7: Implementation strategyWP7: Implementation strategyWP7: Implementation strategy
€€€€ 22M 22M 22M 22M EuEuEuEu program with strong international collaboration program with strong international collaboration program with strong international collaboration program with strong international collaboration (including US Technology Development Project)(including US Technology Development Project)(including US Technology Development Project)(including US Technology Development Project)
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
CentralDesign
IntegrationTeam
Canada(ASKAP)
Europe(LOFAR,SKADS)
SouthAfrica
(MeerKAT)
Australia(ASKAP)
USA(ATA,TDP)
Other(via ISPOworkinggroups)
Technology innovation& prototyping
System design& integration
WP2 SKA designWP2 SKA designWP2 SKA designWP2 SKA design
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPOWP2: SKA design
� Recognizes primary role of Pathfinders & Recognizes primary role of Pathfinders & Recognizes primary role of Pathfinders & Recognizes primary role of Pathfinders & Design Studies in technology developmentDesign Studies in technology developmentDesign Studies in technology developmentDesign Studies in technology development
� Leverages current programs to generate Leverages current programs to generate Leverages current programs to generate Leverages current programs to generate coherent SKA designcoherent SKA designcoherent SKA designcoherent SKA design– Brings the best technologies together into complete program– Emphasizes “fit for manufacture” design
� DeliversDeliversDeliversDelivers– Overall SKA concept design, with costing– Detailed SKA Phase 1 design– Initial Verification System for SKA Phase 1 design
� Demonstrates functional central team, plus Demonstrates functional central team, plus Demonstrates functional central team, plus Demonstrates functional central team, plus strong working links to regional engineeringstrong working links to regional engineeringstrong working links to regional engineeringstrong working links to regional engineering
� ~180 p*yr effort~180 p*yr effort~180 p*yr effort~180 p*yr effort� Many shared central and regional projectsMany shared central and regional projectsMany shared central and regional projectsMany shared central and regional projects
CDIT project
management
CDIT
WP2 design study
management
P10
Science
post –
proc.
CSIRO
Calibration
ASTRON
Data products
& VO plan
UK:cam
Software
engineering
ASTRON
Computing
hardware
CDIT
SKA computing
& software
spec.
CDIT
Computing
specification &
prototyping
P9
Non-imaging processors
UK:man
RF
interference
mitigation
ASTRON
Correlator
DRAO
Station DSP
UK:oxf
Signal processing prototyping
P8
Monitor &
control
UK:cam
LO and timing
UK:man
Station-core
data links
UK:man
Intra-station
data links
UK:man
Intra-antenna
data links
CSIRO
Signal transport
prototyping
P7
New-gen.
cryo solutions
TDP
Integrated
receivers
CSIRO
Low-noise
amplifiers
ASTRON
Receiver
prototyping
P6
WFoV –
Multiple-feed
clusters
KAT
WFoV -
Phased array
feeds
CSIRO
WFoV –
Aperture
array tiles
UK:man
Wideband
single-pixel
feeds
TDP
Feed prototypingP5
Dish design 4
(hi perf. metal)
TDP
Dish design 3
(carbon fibre)
DRAO
Dish design 2
(composite)
KAT
Dish design 1
(basic metal)
CSIRO
Dish design &
optimization
P4
IVS
integration &
test
CDIT
IVS
construction
UK
IVS
specification
CDIT
Initial Verification
System
P3
SKA-P1 sub-
systems spec.
& evaluation
CDIT
SKA-P1 sub-system
spec & evaluation
P2
SKA
system
design
CDIT
SKA
technical
doc.
CDIT
SKA manu-
facturing
studies
UK:man
SKA
cost
opt’n
CDIT
SKA
support
plan
CDIT
SKA
operations
plan
ASTRON
SKA life-cycle
study
KAT
SKA
specification
CDIT
SKA concept
delineation
CDIT
SKA designP1
T 9T 8T 7T 6T 5T4T3T2T1
FP7 Preparatory Phase: Elements of Work Package 2 (WP2)
CDIT project
management
CDIT
WP2 design study
management
P10
Science
post –
proc.
CSIRO
Calibration
ASTRON
Data products
& VO plan
UK:cam
Software
engineering
ASTRON
Computing
hardware
CDIT
SKA computing
& software
spec.
CDIT
Computing
specification &
prototyping
P9
Non-imaging processors
UK:man
RF
interference
mitigation
ASTRON
Correlator
DRAO
Station DSP
UK:oxf
Signal processing prototyping
P8
Monitor &
control
UK:cam
LO and timing
UK:man
Station-core
data links
UK:man
Intra-station
data links
UK:man
Intra-antenna
data links
CSIRO
Signal transport
prototyping
P7
New-gen.
cryo solutions
TDP
Integrated
receivers
CSIRO
Low-noise
amplifiers
ASTRON
Receiver
prototyping
P6
WFoV –
Multiple-feed
clusters
KAT
WFoV -
Phased array
feeds
CSIRO
WFoV –
Aperture
array tiles
UK:man
Wideband
single-pixel
feeds
TDP
Feed prototypingP5
Dish design 4
(hi perf. metal)
TDP
Dish design 3
(carbon fibre)
DRAO
Dish design 2
(composite)
KAT
Dish design 1
(basic metal)
CSIRO
Dish design &
optimization
P4
IVS
integration &
test
CDIT
IVS
construction
UK
IVS
specification
CDIT
Initial Verification
System
P3
SKA-P1 sub-
systems spec.
& evaluation
CDIT
SKA-P1 sub-system
spec & evaluation
P2
SKA
system
design
CDIT
SKA
technical
doc.
CDIT
SKA manu-
facturing
studies
UK:man
SKA
cost
opt’n
CDIT
SKA
support
plan
CDIT
SKA
operations
plan
ASTRON
SKA life-cycle
study
KAT
SKA
specification
CDIT
SKA concept
delineation
CDIT
SKA designP1
T 9T 8T 7T 6T 5T4T3T2T1
FP7 Preparatory Phase: Elements of Work Package 2 (WP2)
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPOWP5: Procurement
� Recognizes that industry is crucial to SKA Recognizes that industry is crucial to SKA Recognizes that industry is crucial to SKA Recognizes that industry is crucial to SKA development, delivery & operationsdevelopment, delivery & operationsdevelopment, delivery & operationsdevelopment, delivery & operations
� Procurement Working Group to be formedProcurement Working Group to be formedProcurement Working Group to be formedProcurement Working Group to be formed– Funding agencies, consultants, industry, …
� PWG looks at:PWG looks at:PWG looks at:PWG looks at:– Potential for global industry in development & construction– Possible procurement models
» Maximize added-value for participating nations (recognize different ambitions)
– Risks attached to various models� PWG outputs:PWG outputs:PWG outputs:PWG outputs:
– Procurement options paper for discussion by funding agencies etc., then
– Draft policies on industry engagement, procurement, protocols for research institute involvement, ….
� Opportunities for Opportunities for Opportunities for Opportunities for AustAustAustAust industry input to industry input to industry input to industry input to PrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKAWP5WP5WP5WP5– Via DEST, CSIRO, ISPO engineering task forces
» Ideal routes for industry clusters, peak bodies, …
Some SKA-industry prospects
PathfindersPathfindersPathfindersPathfinders+ ISPO working groups+ PrepSKA WP2
Operations, supportOperations, supportOperations, supportOperations, support
PathfindersPathfindersPathfindersPathfindersFunding agencies (DEST)Funding agencies (DEST)Funding agencies (DEST)Funding agencies (DEST)
+ PrepSKA WP5
ProcurementProcurementProcurementProcurementPathfinder systems & servicesNational/international policy
PathfindersPathfindersPathfindersPathfinders+ PrepSKA WP3
InfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructureBasic (civil), advanced (power, comms)
PathfindersPathfindersPathfindersPathfinders+ PrepSKA WP2
Volume manufacturingVolume manufacturingVolume manufacturingVolume manufacturing
PathfindersPathfindersPathfindersPathfinders+ ISPO working groups
Selected technical R&DSelected technical R&DSelected technical R&DSelected technical R&DDishes, integrated optical links, custom computing, …
HowHowHowHowWhatWhatWhatWhat
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
Industry interaction in host country(possible)
€ 200M200M200M200M
Host nation has to be smart in reaping hi-tech returns.Example: universities (or similar) can be incubators of collaborations.
Infrastructure
InternationalCompanies
RegionalCompanies
FrontierTechnology
R&D
X-lic.
SKAInstruments etc
OtherSpin-offs
Univ.
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPOSKA - recent progress
� Reference Design selectedReference Design selectedReference Design selectedReference Design selected– Key technologies identified– Initial emphasis on bands <10 GHz endorsed
� Sites shortSites shortSites shortSites short----listedlistedlistedlisted� Major results in Pathfinders: Major results in Pathfinders: Major results in Pathfinders: Major results in Pathfinders: meerKATmeerKATmeerKATmeerKAT, ASKAP, , ASKAP, , ASKAP, , ASKAP,
SKADS, ATA, LOFAR, SKADS, ATA, LOFAR, SKADS, ATA, LOFAR, SKADS, ATA, LOFAR, …………� Funding Agencies Working Group formedFunding Agencies Working Group formedFunding Agencies Working Group formedFunding Agencies Working Group formed
– International SKA Forum initiative� ““““DirectedDirectedDirectedDirected”””” sciencesciencesciencescience----engineering interaction engineering interaction engineering interaction engineering interaction –––– a.k.a. a.k.a. a.k.a. a.k.a.
tough talkingtough talkingtough talkingtough talking– New performance v. cost analysis– More emphasis on SKA Phase 1 – Science specifications (and SKA evolution) by early 2008
� FirstFirstFirstFirst----round infrastructure study completeround infrastructure study completeround infrastructure study completeround infrastructure study complete� Successful Successful Successful Successful PrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKAPrepSKA European 7European 7European 7European 7thththth framework framework framework framework
submissionsubmissionsubmissionsubmission
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
SKA specifications – possible directions� Upper frequency limit ~8 GHzUpper frequency limit ~8 GHzUpper frequency limit ~8 GHzUpper frequency limit ~8 GHz
– Higher frequencies as part of “Phase 3” (post-2020)� Lower frequency limit ~ 0.07 GHzLower frequency limit ~ 0.07 GHzLower frequency limit ~ 0.07 GHzLower frequency limit ~ 0.07 GHz
– But should 0.07 – 0.3 GHz array should stay as part of SKA?� Survey science emphasisSurvey science emphasisSurvey science emphasisSurvey science emphasis
– Survey speed as primary spec– Includes explicit recognition of transient surveys
� 3:1bandwidth antenna solutions3:1bandwidth antenna solutions3:1bandwidth antenna solutions3:1bandwidth antenna solutions– More pronounced performance-to-cost peaks than 10:1
designs– More “sub-classes” of aperture array & dish feeds– Greater role for sparse aperture arrays < 0.6 GHz
� WideWideWideWide----field (~30 degfield (~30 degfield (~30 degfield (~30 deg2222) synthesis imaging ) synthesis imaging ) synthesis imaging ) synthesis imaging limited to baselines below ~10 km limited to baselines below ~10 km limited to baselines below ~10 km limited to baselines below ~10 km – Mitigates huge computing burden
Lorimer et al.
30 Jy peak, ms duration
PJ Hall, Aug 2007
ISPOISPOISPOISPO
International SKA – coming milestones � Late 2008: Major engineering specs proposedLate 2008: Major engineering specs proposedLate 2008: Major engineering specs proposedLate 2008: Major engineering specs proposed
– Includes “base” (dish) technology option
� Early 2009: External engineering reviewEarly 2009: External engineering reviewEarly 2009: External engineering reviewEarly 2009: External engineering review� 2010,11: Reviews of pathfinder technologies2010,11: Reviews of pathfinder technologies2010,11: Reviews of pathfinder technologies2010,11: Reviews of pathfinder technologies
– Can “base” technology be extended to wide fields-of-view?
� Late 2010: Finance, governance, procurement Late 2010: Finance, governance, procurement Late 2010: Finance, governance, procurement Late 2010: Finance, governance, procurement studies completedstudies completedstudies completedstudies completed
� ~ 2011: ~ 2011: ~ 2011: ~ 2011: SiteSiteSiteSite selection?selection?selection?selection?� End 2011: SKA system design deliveredEnd 2011: SKA system design deliveredEnd 2011: SKA system design deliveredEnd 2011: SKA system design delivered
– Top-level SKA– Detailed SKA Phase 1
� 2012201220122012----20: Progressive SKA rollout20: Progressive SKA rollout20: Progressive SKA rollout20: Progressive SKA rollout