SK Transforming Sask Electrical Future I
Transcript of SK Transforming Sask Electrical Future I
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Transforming SaskatchewansElectrical Future
PART ONE
Sustainability is Achievable,
But How Do We Get There?
By Mark Bigland-Pritchard and Peter Prebble
Saskatchewan Office
Suite G 2835 13th Avenue
Regina, SK S4T 1N6
www.policyalternatives.ca
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Transforming Saskatchewans Electrical FuturePART ONE
Sustainability is Achievable, But How Do We Get There?
By Mark Bigland-Pritchard and Peter Prebble
April 2010
This is the first in a series of CCPA Saskatchewan papers, written by Green Energy Project Saskatchewan
researchers, on the options for sustainable electricity generation in the province. Future papers will consider
each of the principal components outlined in the text below, explain the meaning and the relevance of
some of the commonly-used technical terms (such as baseload and smart grid), and explore the policy
options available to encourage the transition to sustanability.
About the Authors
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Transforming Saskatchewans Electrical Future
Sustainability is Achievable,
But How Do We Get There?
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meeting the needs
of future generations to meet their own needs
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Fossil Fuel Consumption
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we
more interesting challenges for Saskatchewans
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year
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Climate Change (Man Made) and the Need for Urgent Action
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a rise in sea level
Because the latest research shows
changes in regional temperature and precipi-
tation levels
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changes in the frequencies, intensities and
locations of climate extremes
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deleterious effects on local ecosystems. If
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Exceeding the Tipping Points
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if greenhouse gas concentrations hit the sort of
They can only be avoided by moving quickly
to implement a major reduction in world-
wide greenhouse gas emissions.
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current emission trends would see an increase
If
the worlds leading climatologists are correct
and the reasons so far put forward for doubt-
ing them are flimsy at best the situation is
urgent.
Climate Change (Man Made) and the Need for Urgent Action continued
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How Can We Begin GreeningSaskatchewans Grid?
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We should try to use electricity more effi-
ciently.
We should try to reduce transmission line
losses whenever possible. In Saskatchewan
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we should try to phase out coal fired
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Both these sources
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the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions
Proportions of Power Generated,
by Fuel, 2008
Proportions of GHGs Emitted
from Electrical Generation, 2008
coal
55.7%
gas
18.6%
hydro
19.7%
wind
2.8%
imports
2.9%
other
0.4%
coal
89.4%
gas
10.3%
hydro
0.3%
wind
0.0%
imports
0.0%
other
0.0%
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electricity generation as quickly as possible,
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We should develop a mix of renewable
energy sources that will complement each
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Rough Comparison of per-kWh Generation Costs: Renewable and Non-renewable Options in Saskatchewan
A further explanation of this data is provided on page 17.
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We suggest our first priority should be to invest
in at least 300MW of electricity efficiency. In
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In these
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A second set of green megawatts could be
created in northern Saskatchewan through the
development of low impact hydroelectricity.
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A third option is a combination of expanded
wind power complemented by hydro includ-
ing imported hydro from Manitoba.
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of which at
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If
transmission grid and the cost and nature of
A fourth component in a renewable electricity
mix for Saskatchewan is biomass. This can take
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A fifth future opportunity to meet electricity
needs from renewable energy is solar photo-
voltaic systems.
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should ensure that all electricians graduating
and logistical routes to take and whether the
Rough Comparison of per-kWh Greenhouse Gas Emissions:
Renewable and Non-renewable Options in Saskatchewan
A further explanation of this data is provided on page 17.
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Endnotes
The impact
of renewable energy policy on economic
growth and employment in the European
Union
http://
ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/studies/doc/
renewables/2009_employ_res_summary.pdf
Job and economic development
impact (JEDI) model: a user-friendly tool to
calculate economic impacts from wind pro-jects.
http://
www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35953.pdf
Small Packages, Big Benefits: economic
advantages of local wind projects.
http://www.
iowapolicyproject.org/2005docs/050405-
wind.pdf
Response to the Report
from King Juan
Carlos University (Spain)-
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/46261.pdf
Comparing
Statewide Economic Impacts of New Genera-
tion from Wind, Coal, and Natural Gas in
Arizona, Colorado, and Michigan. National
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Our Common Future.
National
Inventory Report 1990-2006: Greenhouse Gas
Sources and Sinks in Canada the Canadian
governments submission to the UN frame-
work convention on climate change.
online at www.ec.gc.ca/ghg
Putting
Renewables to Work how many jobs can
the clean energy industry generate?-
http://rael.berkeley.edu/
sites/default/files/very-old-site/renewables.
jobs.2006.pdf
Green Jobs its
time to build Albertas future
http://www.afl.org/upload/GreenJobsReport2009.pdf
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at http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy06osti/37720.
pdf
Denmark: Wind Leader inStandbyhttp://www.
maegaard.net/pdf_files/Article%20for%20
European%20Sustainable%20Energy%20
_2_5.pdf
Neues
Denken, Neue Energie
http://www.bmu.de/energieeffizienz-
from the communicating author of this
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Renewable
Energy Sources in Figures.
at http://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/files/
english/renewable_energy/downloads/applica-
tion/pdf/broschuere_ee_zahlen_en_bf.pdf
Zero Carbon Britain-
http://
www.zerocarbonbritain.org/
A Renewable
Energy System for the UK
http://www.
cbes.ucl.ac.uk/projects/EnergyReview.htm
Energy regulatory chief
says new coal, nuclear plants may be unneces-
saryhttp://www.nytimes.com/
gwire/2009/04/22/22greenwire-no-need-to-
build-new-us-coal-or-nuclear-plants-10630.
html
Plugging Ontario
into a Green Future: a Renewable Is Doable
action plan
http://ontario.pembina.org
Greening
the Grid: powering Albertas future with
renewable energy
http://
alberta.pembina.org
Summary
for Policy Makers. In Climate Change 2007:
The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of
Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change
Global
Warming the complete briefing
Six
Degrees our future on a hotter planet
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Keeping Our Cool
Canada in a warming world
Toronto
Two Degrees,
One Chance-
http://www.tearfund.org/
webdocs/website/Campaigning/Policy%20
and%20research/Two_degrees_One_chance_
final.pdf
Up in
Smokehttp://www.
neweconomics.org/gen/z_sys_publications.
aspx
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http://www.skepticalscience.com/
argument.phphttp://www.realclimate.org/
and http://climateprogress.org
http://www.youtube.com/
view_play_list?p=029130BFDC78FA33
The Copenhagen Diag-
nosis 2009 Updating the World on the
Latest Climate Science
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http://www.ccrc.unsw.edu.au/Copenhagen/Copenhagen_Diagnosis_HIGH.
pdf
Climate Change 2007: Impacts,
Adaptation and Vulnerability: Contribution of
Working Group 2 to the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change
Summary for Policymakers
op cit
Summary for Policymakers
ibid
Trends in
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (Recent MaunaLoa CO2)-
http://www.esrl.
noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/
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Target
Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity
Aim?
http://arxiv.org/
pdf/0804.1126v3Target Atmospheric
CO2: Supporting Material
http://arxiv.
org/pdf/0804.1135v3
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op cit
2008 Environment Report
http://www.saskpower.com/environment/
report/2008/pdf/2009complete.pdf
29 ibid
ibid
ibid
SaskPower Eneraction willhelp customers save money and the environ-
ment
release
op cit
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Energy Efficiency Californias Highest
Priority Resource: lowering energy costs,
promoting economic growth and protecting
the environment
SaskPower leading the
way in wind generation
Saskatchewan news release
Six Ways of Providing
Base Load Power from Wind
at http://www.canrea.ca/site/wp-content/
uploads/2009/03/canrea-six-ways-of-
providing-base-load-power-from-wind-feb09.
pdf
2 area of the inland southwest
Supplying
Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission
Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms
http://www.
stanford.edu/group/efmh/winds/aj07_jam.pdf
Wind Power to Combat Climate Change
http://www.e-pages.dk/
energinet/126/
Spanish wind power capacity
reaches 18GW in 2009
at http://www.rechargenews.com/energy/
wind/article202124.ece
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Environmental Report
2009
on) at http://www.energinet.dk/NR/
rdonlyres/E46D998A-7477-4D6B-B2E0-
D5F2071A466B/0/Environmentalreport2009.
pdf
Saskatchewans electricity environment
What is its potential as a supply option in
SaskPowers system?http://www.
saskpower.com/future_power/supply_options/
biomass.shtml
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Towards a Sustainable Energy Strategy in
Saskatchewan
http://www.environmentalsociety.
ca/energy_report.pdf
Levelized Cost of Energy
Analysis, Version 3.0
http://blog.cleanenergy.org/files/2009/04/
lazard2009_levelizedcostofenergy.pdf
Ontario
launches comprehensive system of feed-in
tariffs: first system of advanced renew-
able tariffs in North America
http://wind-works.org/FeedLaws/Canada/
OntarioLaunchesSystemofFeed-inTariffs.html
http://wind-works.org/FeedLaws/Canada/
OPA%20GEA%20Summary%20AGA%20
Metis%20Youth%20Forum%20presentation.pdf
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Endnotes to Graphs
large2 wind as windfarms
large2 from small2
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the greenhouse gas emissions from nuclear
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take account of the increased use of fossil
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