Situation and trends of malnutrition and impact on morbidity and mortality
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Situation and trends of malnutrition and impact on morbidity and
mortality F.Branca
DirectorDepartment of Nutrition for Health and development
WHO/HQ
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Malnutrition : is MDG1 (target 1c) enough ?
Source : UN MDG report 2013
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162 million children with stunted growth in 2012
Source: UNICEF, WHO, The World Bank. Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. (UNICEF, New York; WHO, Geneva; The World Bank, Washington, DC; 2013
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Which countries are home to the stunted children ?
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51 million wasted children in 2012
Source: UNICEF, WHO, The World Bank. Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. (UNICEF, New York; WHO, Geneva; The World Bank, Washington, DC; 2013
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Where are the hot spots for acute malnutrition?
Source: UNICEF, WHO, The World Bank. Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. (UNICEF, New York; WHO, Geneva; The World Bank, Washington, DC; 2013
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Trends in Low Birth Weight
1980s 1990s 2000s05
10152025303540
World Africa East Asia South AsiaSouth East Asia latin America & Caribbean West Asia
Years
%
Source : UNSCN, 2010
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Prevalence of small-for-gestational-age births, by UN regions
Source : Black et al. Lancet June 2013
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496 million non pregnant womenand 32 million pregnant women with anemia
Source : Stevens et al. Lancet Glob Health 2013; 1: e16–25
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273 million children with anemia
Source : Stevens et al. Lancet Glob Health 2013; 1: e16–25
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Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (1995–2005), iodine deficiency (2013), inadequate zinc intake
(2005),
Source : Black et al. Lancet June 2013
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44 million children are overweight
Source: UNICEF, WHO, The World Bank. Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. (UNICEF, New York; WHO, Geneva; The World Bank, Washington, DC; 2013
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0
10
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AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR WPR Lowincome
Low ermiddleincome
Uppermiddleincome
Highincome
% o
f pop
ulat
ion
Men Women Both Sexes
500 million obese individuals aged 20+ years (2008)
Source: Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. World Health Organization 2011
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Women’s underweight and overweight
Source : Black et al. Lancet June 2013
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The double burden of malnutrition
Source: WHO Global Database on Body Mass Index
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Share of countries in each malnutrition categoryby degree of urbanization
Source : FAO SOFA 2013
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Leading risk factors for global burden of disease in 1990 and 2010
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Burden of disease attributable to 20 leading risk factorsin 2010, as a % of global DALYs
High BMI accounted for 3.4 M deaths and 3·8% of global DALYs in 2010Poor diet and physical inactivity 10% of global DALYs
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Key messages• Multiple forms of malnutrition coexist :
• Low birth weight, wasting, stunting• Micronutrient deficiencies• Overweight/obesity and diet related NCDs
• Malnutrition is not decreasing and is affecting the majority of the world population
• The changing burden of disease should influence the way we think global development
• There are important differences in the world distribution of different forms of malnutrition, but similar global trends