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BAROTRAUMA

6 F

2014

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PULMONARY OVER INFLATIONBAROTRAUMA

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RUPTURE OF ALVEOLI

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Fast ascent

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Pulmonary syndrome by overpressure

1. Distension with local lesions 2. Mediastinal emphysema

3. Subcutaneous emphysema 4. Pneumothorax 5. Arterial gas embolism.

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Mediastinal emphysema

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Physical exam

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Signs and symptoms

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Treatment

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SINUS BAROTRAUMA

This form of sinus can occur onascent when some form of openingsprevents expanding gas fromescaping

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ASESSMENT Examine the nose for download rhinorrhea

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Severe pain over the affected sinus

Bloody discharge

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MANAGEMENT Treat for epistaxis by pinching firmly on the

fleshy part of the patients nostrils

Transport in a positions of comfort.

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INTERNAL EAR BAROTRAMA

Occurs when a diver descends and has failedattempts to equalize the middle ear

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ASSESSMENT Examine the ear canal for any discharge

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Vertigo

NauseaDisorientation

Ataxia

Vomitingdiaphoresis

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MANAGEMENT

The patient should avoid strenous activitiesand loud noise whith no pressure change.

Transport in upright position

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ALTERNOBARIC VERTIGO

It occurs as expanding gasmoves through theEustachian tube andunequal pressure developsin the middle ear.

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ASSESSMENT ;Examine the ear canal, assessany hearing loss.

MANAGEMENT: No specific intervention isrequired no transport is needed if symptomsresolve quickly.

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GASTROINTESTINAL SQUEEZE

This occurs when

expanding gas in the gutbecomes trapped .

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ASSESSMENT:examine the abdominalquadrants.

sign and symptoms include abdominalfullness, belching and flatulence.

MANAGEMENT: Gastrointestinal squeezenormally resolves on its own and rarely needsmedical attention.

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subcutaneous emphysema

air leak from a ruptured alveoliand conitua to top from the neckand clavicle.

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examinationexamine the lung

fieldsdecrease in respiration

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symptoms

hoarseness swellingcrepitacias difficultyswallowing

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TREATMENTvital signs monitoringverify saturationplacement of 2 to 4 liters per minute

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AIR EMBOLISM

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is a blockage of the arterial vessel by a gaspiston. which is produced by nitrogen.

is easily detectable by an intense whistle(swirl noise) produced when blood and airare mixed

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Air embolism is an accident that usually occursin diving

These nitrogen bubbles obstruct blood vessels

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Signs and symptoms

Dyspnea

cyanosis

Tachypnea

chest tightnessStupor

hemiparesis

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GRACIAS!!!!