REACTION MECHANISM OF SYNTHESIS AMONIA

REACTION MECHANISM in SYNTHESIZING AMMONIAKELOMPOK: 4

Anggota Kelompok:Abdurrachman Ichwan Sangiaji R.SStella Lydia M.Nuri Liswanti P.JohanKarateristik AmoniaNama senyawa kimia: NH3Hasil reaksi antara N2 dan H2Massa molekul / Mr = 17Titik didih: -33oC (240 K) Titik Beku: ???Toxic Berbau

Proses Haber & BoschKondisi Operasi:T = 550oCP = 150-500 atmKatalis: Fe

Produksi pertama kaliTahun: 1913Lokasi: sebuah pabrik di Jerman

CATALYST

Ru supported on basic ZeolitesREACTION MECHANISM (proposed)ADSORPTIONSURFACEREACTIONDESORPTION5

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSRATE LAWS (EXPERIMENT)Simplified of Reaction MechanismWHY???ISOTOPE EFFECT TESTING(H2 D2)No CHANGE in reaction ratesRATE DETERMINING STEPRATE DETERMINING STEPRATE DETERMINING STEPSubstitusi CN.S & CH.S10Substitusi Cv dengan persamaansebelumnyaRATE DETERMINING STEPRATE DETERMINING STEPRATE DETERMINING STEPFINAL EQUATIONRATE DETERMINING STEPRATE DETERMINING STEPPROVEN!!Specification: 2% wt RuHow? Ion exchanged between 15 g NaX/KX with 0.936 Ru(NH3)6Cl3Ru/NaX or Ru/KX filtered and washed by deionized waterRuKX reduced by heating in 723 K for 1 hrSupported Materials: MCM-41 and magnesiaOPERATING CONDITIONCATALYST MAKINGType of Reactor: closed loop recirculation reactor(with pressure tranducer)Temperature: 588-723 K

OPERATING CONDITION

Materials dehydrated and reduced in situEvacuated to 10-5 mbar and 3:1 mixture of H2 (Pd diffused) and N2NH3 condensed in liquid N2 trap(minimizing occurence of reverse NH3 decomposition reaction)

STEP OF PROCESSDAFTAR PUSTAKA

Fishel, Christopher T., Robert J. Davis, and Juan M. Garces. 1996. Ammonia Synthesis Catalyzed by Ruthenium Supported on Basic Zeolites. Journal on Catalysis, No. 163, pp. 148-157. New York: Academic Press, Inc.

Hellman, A., et.al. 2006. Insight into Ammonia Synthesis from First-Principle. Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V.

Ozaki, A. and Hugh Taylor. 1960. Kinetics and Mechanism of AmmoniaSynthesis. Proceedings of Royal Society, No. 258. London: Royal Society Publishing.