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Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 1
Introduction to Singapore Customs
Presented by: Loh Fook Meng
ADG (Compliance)
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 2
• Singapore Customs – About Us• Our Organisation• Our Vision, Mission, Motto (VMM) and
Values• Our Roles and Functions• Our Customers and Partners• Our Challenges Ahead
Outline
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 3
What is Customs?What is Customs? According to World Customs Organisation Glossary of
Terms:
“The Government Service which is responsible for the administration of Customs law and the collection of import and export duties and taxes and which also
has responsibility for the application of other laws and regulations relating, inter alia, to the importation,
transit and exportation of goods.”
• In Singapore, Singapore Customs (SC) is separated from the Immigration & Checkpoints Authority (ICA)
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 4
Our Organisation
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 5
Re-constitution in April 2003
Singapore Customs (MOF)
Revenue Collection Customs Documentation Customs Enforcement Tax Suspension Schemes Strategic Goods
Immigration & Checkpoints Authority (MHA)
Immigration Registration
Checkpoint Clearance Travellers, Baggage Cargo, Vehicles
Customs & Excise Department (MOF)
Singapore Immigration and
Registration (MHA)
Trade Facilitation Div & Statistics Audit Unit of IE Singapore (MTI)
Trade Facilitation Trade Documentation Rules of Origin
Head Internal AuditMr Chua Liang Huat
DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF SINGAPORE CUSTOMSMr Fong Yong Kian
ASSISTANTDIRECTOR-GENERAL (POLICY & PLANNING)
Mr Lee Tiow Yong
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR-GENERAL
(INTELLIGENCE & INVESTIGATION)
Mr Lee Boon Chong
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR-GENERAL
(CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT)
Mrs Lam Meng Choo
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR-GENERAL
(COMPLIANCE)Mr Loh Fook Meng
SENIOR ASSISTANT DIRECTOR-GENERAL
(TRADE) Mr Lim Teck Leong
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR-GENERAL (TRADE)
Ms Teo Siew Lan
ASSISTANTDIRECTOR-GENERAL
(CHECKPOINT & CORPORATE SERVICES)
Mr Mok Hei Chee
Head Operations Management 1
Mr Aaron Cheong Loong Wei
Head Operations Management 2
Mr Long Foo Liew
Head IntelligenceMr Samuel Ong Guan
Kun
Head Operations Policy & Development
Ms Ivy Chong
Head Special Investigation
Mr Yeo Sew Meng
Head Suppression & Community Engagement
Mr Wan Boon Oon
Head ProsecutionMr S Krishnan
Head Corporate AdministrationMr K Chandran
Head Checkpoint Services & InvestigationMs Joyce Lim Siok Keow
Head Corporate Information Technology
Ms Yeo Beng Huay
Head PlanningMs Tan Bee LanHead Strategy
Mr Alvin Neo Yeow Leong
Head International Relations
Ms Sung Pik Wan
Head Policy & ResearchMs Ooi Chia Miin
Head Corporate Communications
Mr Victor Seah Teck Siong
Head Competency Development
Ms Sumathi d/o Govindarajan
Head Human ResourceMs Shamala Dhevi
Head FinanceMr Vincent Leong
Head Trade Investigation
Ms Eo Boon Kian
Head Permits Compliance
Mr Peter Cheah Hock Lye
Head Company Compliance
Mr Ho Ann Chuan
Head Risk Assessment
Mr Goh Yeow Meng
Acting Head Client Relations
Ms Patricia Poh Pei Pei
Head Procedures & Systems
Mr Winston Tay Wee Hua
Head Schemes & Licensing
Mr Teh Thiam Siong
Head Trade StrategyMs Fauziah Abdul SaniHead Trade Security
Ms Karen Lim Shu Wen
Head Tariffs & Trade Services
Mr David Foo Ching Yenn
SINGAPORE CUSTOMSORGANISATION CHART FROM 2 AUGUST 2010
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 7
Our Staff ProfileTotal Staff Strength (as of 31 July 2010): 796
Schemes of Service Level of Qualification
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 8
Our Parent Ministry
Departments Statutory Boards
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 9
Chemical Weapons
(Prohibition) Act
Legislations We Administer
Owned by MOF
Owned by MTI
Owned by MFA
Strategic Goods
(Control) Act
Regulation of Imports & Exports Act
Customs Act
GST Act
Free Trade Zones Act
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 10
Our Operating Locations
Customs Corporate HQ is located at Revenue House.
Customs Officers are also deployed at the following places: • Customs Operations Command (COC)• Changi Airport Terminal 1 • Changi Airport Terminal 2 • Changi Airport Terminal 3 • Budget Terminal • Singapore Cruise Centre • Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal • Tuas Checkpoint • Woodlands Checkpoint
11
Examples of Operating Locations
Customs Operations Command
Changi Airport T3
T3 GST Refund (Landside)
T3 Customs Duty Office
Woodlands Checkpoint
Tanah Merah Ferry TerminalRevenue House
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Our Vision, Mission, Motto
(VMM)
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 13
Our Vision, Mission and Motto (VMM)
MottoWe make trade easy,
fair and secure
VISIONA leading Customs that advances Singapore’s economy by assuring
the integrity of the trading system
As the guardian of Singapore’s trade, we
uphold our laws to build trust to facilitate trade and
protect revenue
MISSION
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Our ValuesIntegrityCarrying out operations in an impartial and fair manner.
Making fair and honest decisions.
Upholding honesty and fairness in actions even when it is inconvenient to do so.
TeamworkPutting aside personal differences to achieve the organisation’s goals.
Sharing knowledge to enhance the work of other officers or branches.
Using one’s capabilities or knowledge to help the team to achieve its goal.
CommitmentTaking the initiative to go the extra mile for customers and colleagues.Putting the organisation’s interests or needs above self.Going beyond job scope to ensure issues are resolved.Dedication to seeing a task to the end. CourageAdmitting mistakes readily and taking steps to remedy the situation.
Daring to raise controversial ideas so long as they are for the organisation’s good.
ResponsivenessAnticipating changes and picking up trends, opportunities, risks and threats quickly.
Addressing issues proactively, i.e. not waiting for someone else to take action.Acting promptly on enquiries and requests from both internal and external customers.
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Our Roles and Functions
Our Roles
Trade Checkpoint Services
Compliance
Intelligence & Investigation
Policy & PlanningCorporate Development
Corporate Services
Our Roles
Trade Checkpoint Services
Compliance
Intelligence & Investigation
Policy & PlanningCorporate Development
Corporate Services
Our Roles
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5 Branches • Procedures & Systems Branch
• Tariffs & Trade Services Branch
• Schemes & Licensing Branch
• Client Relations Branch
• Trade Strategy and Security Branch
Trade Division
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Single Window for Trade
• TradeNet® - World’s 1st single-window electronic platform for trade declaration.
• Made its debut in 1989 as the world’s first nationwide electronic data interchange system for clearance of trade documentation. The last major system upgrade was conducted in October 2007 (Version 4).
TradeNet®
• Handling the administration of TradeNet® System, including managing vendors and Controlling Agencies
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Single Window for Trade
TradeNet®
TradersAir Cargo Agents
Shipping Agents
Freight Forwarders
S’pore Customs CA1 CA2 CA3 CA4 CA5
To this
S’pore Customs
CA1 CA3 CA4
CA5
TradersAir Cargo Agents
Shipping Agents
Freight Forwarders
From this
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure
Single Window for Trade
34 Controlling 34 Controlling
UnitsUnits
Agri-food & Veterinary Authority
International Enterprise Singapore
Board
National Environmental
Agency
Central Narcotics Bureau
Media Development
Authority
InfoComm Development Authority of Singapore
Singapore Customs [incl National
Authority (CWC)]
Health Sciences Authority
Singapore Police Force
Ministry of Manpower
Singapore Civil
Defence Force
Ministry of Health
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure
Single Window for TradeAgri-food &
Veterinary Authority
International Enterprise Singapore
Board
National Environmental
Agency
Central Narcotics Bureau
Media Development
Authority
InfoComm Development Authority of Singapore
Singapore Customs [incl National
Authority (CWC)]
Health Sciences Authority
Singapore Police Force
Ministry of Manpower
Singapore Civil
Defence Force
Ministry of Health
Single formSingle form
Single submissionSingle submission
Single interfaceSingle interface
Single processSingle process
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure
Single Window for Trade
Automatic bank account deduction
By cheque and cash8. Customs duties collection
Same electronic doc routed to controlling agencies for processing
Separate documents sent to different controlling agencies for processing
7. Controlled goods handling
Same electronic document routed to customs for processing
Separate documents for customs processing
6. Dutiable goods handling
Within 10 minsFrom 4hrs to 2-7 days5. Turnaround time for approval
Single copyMultiple copies4. Copies of document
NO trips requiredAt least 2 trips or more3. Trips per controlling agency per document
Available 24 hrsWithin office hours2. Time of submission
Electronically from comforts of office (or home)
Via expensive dispatch clerks/ couriers
1. Submission of document
TradeNet® BenefitPrevious Manual processCharacteristics
Source: APEC Economies: Breaking down the barriers, Shanghai 2001 (modified)
9. Trade Documentation Fee
S$10 per document S$2.88 per application
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure
Single Window for Trade
Current Volume & Performance• More than 8,000 users from 2,600 subscribers
• About 30,000 declarations per day
• More than 9 million declarations annually
• Collected over S$7b duties and GST in FY2009
• 100% of customs declarations processed and approved via TradeNet®
• 100% of the collections are made electronically through Inter-Bank GIRO
• 90% of permits processed within 10 minutes
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Single Window for TradeA multi-agency initiative led by SC, IDA and EDB.
• A neutral and secure platform that facilitates the exchange of information within the trade and logistics community, and with the government
Legend:
JP – Jurong Port
TX - TradeXchange®
VAS – Value added Service Providers
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Helping Our Exporters Grow
• Leads ASEAN customs authorities to develop the ASEAN Harmonised Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN)
• The AHTN is a major step in facilitating trade among ASEAN countries while forging closer economic cooperation
• Determining Rules of Origin (ROO) for preferential treatment & providing advice on valuation and classification of goods
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Free Trade Agreements (FTA) • SC supports in negotiating the Customs Chapter of
the various FTAs.
• SC also supports MTI in the rules of origin negotiations.
• These work are done to help improve the market access of our exporters.
• We have currently 20 FTAs in force.
• We collaborate closely with IE Singapore to conduct outreach to exporters to fully benefit from FTAs.
• In 2009, companies based in Singapore have enjoyed more than S$700 million in tariff savings.
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Customs Trade Facilitation Schemes
Licensed Warehouse
Zero GST Warehouse
Temporary Import
Air Store BondExcise Factory Apex Licence
Container Freight
Warehouse Scheme
Industrial Exemption
Factory Scheme
Duty-Free Shop
• Promoting and administering customs schemes
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Delivering Schemes that Work
• Suspending GST - Zero GST Warehouse Scheme
• Developing Niche Industries – Temporary Import Scheme
• From “Multiple Licences to One” – Apex Licence
Business Times, 19 August 2008
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure
Securing Supply Chains
• Complex nature of today’s trade system means that all components of system are dependent upon one another for safe and secure trade.
• The WCO SAFE Framework of Standards secures the movement of global trade in a way that facilitates the movement of that trade.
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Securing Supply Chains
Singapore Customs Director-General Mr Fong Yong Kian signing Mutual Recognition Arrangements with Canada Border Services Agency and Korea Customs Service at the WCO Council Sessions in June 2010
• National Authority for Secure Trade Partnership (STP) programme
• STP provides companies with a framework to guide development, implementation, monitoring and review of company's supply chain security measures
• Benefits include enhanced visibility, better branding, less inspection, expedited clearance (under Mutual Recognition Arrangements)
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 33
Securing Supply Chains
• Endorsed by APEC leaders in Sydney in 2007, APEC Trade Recovery Programme (TRP) establishes principles for ensuring swift trade restoration among APEC economies in the immediate aftermath of a terrorist attack on the global supply chain
• Fast trade recovery is of paramount importance to international trade
APEC Trade Recovery Programme
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Export Control
• Security and Peace – Preconditions for trade to flourish
• Prevent proliferation of Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD)
• Strategic Goods (Control) Act regulates trade and transfer in sensitive goods and technology
• Adopted Full Lists of the 4 Informal Export Control Regimes
• Control with Facilitation – Strategic Trade Scheme
• National Authority for Chemical Weapons Convention (NA, CWC)
Exercising control over trade in strategic goods
The 4 Informal Export Control
Regimes
Missile Technology Control Regime
(MTCR)
The Australia Group
(AG)
Wassenaar Arrangement
(WA)
Nuclear Suppliers
Group
(NSG)
35
Trade Checkpoint Services
Compliance
Intelligence & Investigation
Policy & PlanningCorporate Development
Corporate Services
Our Roles
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4 Branches • Permits Compliance Branch
• Company Compliance Branch
• Trade Investigation Branch
• Risk Assessment Branch
Compliance Division
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Compliance Framework
(1) Timely Detection of Violations through Risk Management Techniques
(2) Deterrence through Effective Enforcement and Penalties
(3) Education through Outreach
(4) Monitoring Compliance Status
CustomsComplianceFramework
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• Conducting compliance checks on trade documents
• Conducting informed audits on companies customs requirements, and conducing stuffing and unstuffing functions
• Conducting investigations into revenue fraud
• Assessing the risk level of SC's external business processes and monitoring and targeting of companies for revenue evasion
• Setting incentives and penalties to promote voluntary compliance
• Conducting outreach and education to enhance compliance capability of trading community
Key Roles of Compliance Division
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Compliance Efforts• In the last 2 years, there has been an increase in the
number of parallel importers (PI) and growing market share of Motor Vehicle imports by PI.
2004 2007 2008
No. of Parallel Importers
66 142 187
% of Total MV Imports by Parallel Importers
4% 20% 24%
• Suspected cases investigated and errant traders prosecuted in court.
• Message sent to parallel importers that fraud will not be tolerated.
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Straits Times – 16 Jan 2009 Case 1
Errant Traders - Parallel Import of Motor Vehicles
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Case 2
Errant Traders - Parallel Import of Motor Vehicles
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 42
Case 3
Errant Traders - Parallel Import of Motor Vehicles
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6 Branches • Operations Policy and Development Branch
• Operations Management Branch
• Intelligence Branch
• Special Investigation Branch
• Suppression & Community Engagement Branch
• Prosecution Branch
Intelligence & Investigation Division
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• Providing intelligence support • Undertaking functions on strategic and policy issues as well as the
development of its computer application systems • Focusing on improvements to the investigation and enforcement
operations by identifying systemic lapses and recommend corrective actions and guidance
• Coordinating interdiction of IPR infringing goods at the borders• Conducting surveillance and investigations to suppress duty
evasion and syndicate smuggling
Key Roles Of Intelligence & Investigation Division
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• Conducting analysis to identify companies suspected of commercial fraud
• Conducting risk review and working with stakeholder branches to formulate strategies and implement control measures on risk elements identified
• Handling prosecution cases and providing legal advice on arrest and Customs cases.
• Driving community engagement to heighten public education and maintain public confidence in the enforcement of customs laws.
Key Roles Of Intelligence & Investigation Division
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Marlboro retail price/pack (S$)
Contraband Cigarettes EnforcementIncentive to smuggle due to high duty rate on cigarettes and huge price difference compared to neighbouring countries
2.70
1.78
1.331.27
3.51
11.60
1.58
3.10
0.92
Source: Philips Morris as @ July 2008
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Multi-pronged strategies to tackle demand and supply side of problem:• Closing regulatory gaps to prevent abuse of customs
procedure for smuggling• Risk profiling to interdict smuggling via commercial
consignments• Increased quantum of composition sums and having
tougher prosecution guidelines• Increased resources to combat smuggling, including
engaging CISCO and leveraging on other enforcement agencies
• Enhanced technological support for enforcement operations
• Publicity campaign against contraband cigarettes• New marking requirement on individual sticks of
cigarettes
Contraband Cigarettes Enforcement
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Contraband Cigarettes Enforcement
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 49
Case 1
Contraband Cigarettes Enforcement
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Case 2
Contraband Cigarettes Enforcement
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Collaboration with Other Agencies
• ICA detects smuggling through checkpoints• Joint operations and intelligence sharing with
other enforcement agencies• Coordinate with MOM, ICA and MOE on
foreign offenders• Coordinate with NEA, MEWR and ICA on illicit
shipments of Environmentally Hazardous Goods
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3 Branches • Checkpoint Services & Investigation Branch
• Corporate Information Technology Branch
• Corporate Administration Branch
Checkpoint & Corporate Services Division
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• Providing essential customs services at the major checkpoints
• Planning and providing IT services to meet the needs of the department and create greater value in customs service delivery
• Providing the functions of office administration, facilities management and security
Key Roles Of Checkpoint & Corporate Service Division
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Efficient and Customer-centric Checkpoint Services
• Collection of duty and GST payment from travellers.
• Facilitating tourist GST refund of over $125 million in 2009.
• Providing essential customs services at the major checkpoints
Trade Checkpoint Services
Compliance
Intelligence & Investigation
Policy & PlanningCorporate Development
Corporate Services
Our Roles
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3 Branches • Policy & Research Branch
• Planning Branch
• International Relations Branch
Policy & Planning Division
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• Driving SC's strategic and corporate planning processes and plans, and policy formulation
• Conducting policy reviews
• Promoting technical cooperation to further national interests
• Participating in international/regional customs meetings and Free Trade Agreement negotiations
Key Roles Of Policy & Planning Division
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Contributions to International Trade and Customs Community
• Chair of APEC 09 Sub-Committee on Customs Procedures (SCCP)
• Chair of WCO and APEC Special Group on drafting of Trade Recovery annex to the SAFE Framework of Standards
• Chair of ASEAN Customs Procedures and Trade Facilitation Working Group (CPTFWG)
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4 Branches Communications Branch
Finance Branch
Human Resource Branch Corporate
Competency Development Branch
Corporate Development Division
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• Managing SC’s corporate reputation and facilitating internal and external stakeholder communications.
• Managing SC’s monetary resources and providing full range of financial management services
• Attracting and retaining the best talent for SC through implementation of effective HR practices
• Strengthening SC staff competencies through various competency-based specialised training
Key Roles of Corporate Development Division
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Internal Audit Branch
• Evaluating the adequacy and effectiveness of internal controls and ascertain whether policies and guidelines are complied with.
Internal Audit Branch
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To summarise our roles and functions….
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Summary
• Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement are two sides of the same coin.
• Risk management plays an important role in every facet of customs work.
• Concept of traffic controls at the highways.
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Our Customers and Partners
Singapore CustomsSingapore CustomsWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and SecureWe Make Trade Easy, Fair and Secure 65
Our Customers
Our CustomersOur Customers
TravellingTravellingCommunityCommunity
Trading Trading CommunityCommunity
DepartingTravellers
ArrivingTravellers
FreightForwarders
Importers/Exporters
Manufacturers Licensees
• Approx 90,000 entities registered with SC to engage in import/export activities.
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Customer Engagement • 24X7 Call Centre (outsourced to CrimsonLogic)• Regular dialogue sessions with traders• Account Managers for traders under various
schemes/programmes• Key Customers Programme• Strategically engage and enhance service experience of key
customers through assignment of relationship managers• Training the Trading Community:
- Customs Competency Programme for Businesses (CCPFB) and Strategic Goods Control Programme for Businesses (SGCPFB)
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Our Partners
PartnersPartners
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Importance of Fostering Partnerships
• Greater rapport and understanding of each other’s needs and challenges.
• Leveraging on each others’ resources and expertise.
• Sharing timely and reliable intelligence and information.
• Streamlining existing and/or future working procedures.
• Gathering innovative ideas and new growth opportunities for the future.
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Our Challenges Ahead
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Singapore’s Success: A World-Class Global Trade Hub
• In 2009, Singapore total trade volume reached $747 billion.
• Ranked 1st in Ease of Doing Business and Trading Across Borders by The World Bank Report 2010.
• Overall, Singapore Customs contributes to Singapore’s trade growth.
• Singapore lives by international trade since its founding in 1819. • Trade has been and will continue to be a key pillar in Singapore’s
economy.
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Our Challenges
• International trading environment has become more complex.
• Security is a world-wide concern.
A Fast-Changing Landscape
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Our Challenges• Maintaining Singapore’s international competitiveness.• Striking a good balance between being business-friendly and
maintaining trust and integrity of our trading system.• Collaborating with other countries to enhance trade security,
e.g. through more mutual recognition arrangements to facilitate Singapore’s exports.
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Thank you