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Transcript of Singapore
SINGAPORE’S
STRATEGIES FOR A PEOPLE CENTRED
LAND TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Choi Chik Cheong What Cities Want : International study on urban
mobility in selected cities worldwide
2
Outline
• Singapore’s Land Transport
• Challenges
• Key Strategies
3
4
Land Constraint
Population: 5.2 million Land Area: 714 sq. km
CBD
High-density
housing
43 km
23 km
Note: Figures accurate as of Jan 12
5
Road Transport
• Road Network: 3,400 km
• Expressway Network: 161 km
• Vehicle Population: 959,699
• Car population: 608,958
Note:
(a) Road & Expressway Figures – Accurate as of Mar 12
(b) Vehicle Figures - Accurate as of Mar 12
6
Main Public Transport Modes
MRT: 149km, 99 stations Buses: 342 routes, 4112 buses
Taxi: 27,163 LRT: 29 km, 43 stations
Note: MRT, LRT, Bus and Taxi figures accurate as of Mar 12
7
Travel Statistics
Daily MRT/LRT trips: 2.4 million
Daily Bus trips: 3.4 million
Daily Taxi trips: 0.9 million
Note: Average daily travel figures for the year 2011
8
Rapid Transit System
• MRT serves the heavy transit corridors
• 2 RTS Operators - SMRT & SBS Transit
• 178 km of MRT & LRT Lines
• Fares and services are regulated
9
Buses
• Provides comprehensive coverage
• 2 bus operators - SMRT Buses & SBS Transit
• Assigned areas of responsibility
• > 340 scheduled services
• 4,000 fleet
• Fares and service standards are regulated
10
Taxis
• Personalised public transport
service
• Industry has been liberalised
• Fares are de-regulated
• New entrants allowed
• 7 taxi companies + some individual
owners (yellow top taxis)
• Service standards are regulated
11
Vision
A people- centred land transport system.
Mission
To provide an efficient and cost- effective land transport system for
different needs.
12
LTA’s Functions
• Formulation of land transport policies
• Integrate transport planning with land use
• Plan, design and develop Rapid Transit System (RTS) and road infrastructure
• Manage road traffic and maintain road infrastructure
• Promote public transport
• Regulate public transport services
• Regulate private transport ownership and usage
• Centralised bus network planning (from 2009)
• Acquiring payment transactions for public transport, road pricing and electronic parking system.
Land Transport MasterPlan (LTMP)
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Three Key Strategies
A People-Centred Land Transport System
S1. Make public
transport a choice
mode
S2. Manage Road
Use S3. Meet Diverse
Needs
Making public transport a choice mode - Key Target by 2020
• Increase AM peak modal share on public transport from 59% to 70%
Target 2020 Mode Share (am peak)
30%
70%
- Public Transport
- Private
Transport
2008 Mode Share (am peak)
41%
59%
S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode
CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES
Today 2020
11 mil
14.3 mil
Increase in Travel Demand must be met
largely by Public Transport
Land Use
12%
73%
Roads
Others
15%
Housing
2) Limited Land Space
Key Challenges
1) Increasing Travel Demand
Crowded Trains
Congestion at Bishan MRT station
MRT Breakdowns & Disruptions
News articles on North South Line MRT
Breakdown on 15 December 2011
Information Integration
Institutional Integration
Fare Integration
Physical Integration
Integrated Public
Transport System
Network Integration
Institutional Integration
Established 1995
Land Transport
Authority
Network Integration Hub-and-spoke system
Central Bus Network Planner (2009)
Backbone: MRT and trunk buses Feeder: Feeder buses and LRT Hubs: Bus and MRT Interchanges
Enhance Commuter Experience
S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode
EZ link system Premium Bus
Services
Upgraded Bus
Poles
Key Bus
Services Map
Real-Time Bus
Info Panels
Upgraded Bus
Stops
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More Priority for Buses
Full Day Bus Lanes Mandatory Give-Way
at Bus Bays
Priority given to
buses at cross
road junctions
S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode
Bus Service
Enhancement
Programme
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More Buses
Government to co-fund EUR 700K bus fleet expansion –
total 800 more buses over the next 5 years
S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode
Expand the Rail Network
NSL
Existing
East
North
West
North-East
In Progress
NEL
Central Region
Downtown Line 2
North South Line Extension
Thomson Line
Eastern Region Line
Tuas Extension
Circle Line
By 2020
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Rail network by
2020: EUR 38 billion
Today: 178 km By 2020 : 278 km
Downtown Line 3
Downtown Line 1
EWL
S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode
Physical Integration
Improving Accessibility and Connectivity
Creating Lifestyle Hubs
Ang Mo Kio Hub
Sengkang Interchange
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Integrated Public Transport Hubs
S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode
Yishun
Bt Panjang
Boon Lay
Joo Koon
Jurong East
Clementi
Marina South
Ang Mo Kio
Toa Payoh
Sengkang
Serangoon
Hougang
Bedok
Existing Upcoming Ang Mo Kio Hub
Toa Payoh Hub
Increasing Train Capacity
(The Straits Times, Pg C8, 8 March 2012)
• Adding more trains
• Re-signalling to increase train frequency and capacity
PLANET “Analyses 4 billion records within minutes”
Information Integration
Geographic Information
System
Real-time Travel
information
Websites & google map
Data Source: CEPAS
Contactless E-Purse Application Standard
Parking Private
Transport Retail
Public
Transport One Card, Many Uses
A National Standard for Multi-Purpose Contactless Stored-Value Card, a form of Contactless Smart Card (CSC)
33
S2. Manage Road Use
• Develop road network
• Leverage on technology
• Demand management measures
• Ownership control
• Usage restraints
S2: Manage Road Usage
34
• Kallang-Paya Lebar
Expressway (Sept 2008)
• Marina Coastal
Expressway (2013)
• North South Expressway
(2020)
Expand Road Network
S2: Manage Road Usage
Manage Road Traffic – with technology
Parking
Guidance
System
Junction
Eyes
Expressway Monitoring & Advisory System
36
Demand Management
Usage Restraint
Ownership Control
Combination of Ownership and Usage Measures
1.Limit ownership VQS
2.Increase ownership cost
• Additional Registration Fee
(ARF)
• Excise duty
• Road tax
1. Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)
2. Petrol duty
S2: Manage Road Usage
37
Vehicle Quota System (VQS)
•Regulates vehicle population growth at a rate that can be
sustained by road network
• 3% p.a. from 1990 to 2008
• 1.5% p.a. from 2009 to 2012
• 0.5% p.a. from 2013 to 2014
•A Certificate of Entitlement (COE) required to register a new
vehicle, valid for 10 years
•Open bidding exercise on the Internet
S2: Manage Road Usage
38
Electronic Road Pricing
• ERP is a congestion management tool
• Flexible - rates vary by location/time,
based on local traffic conditions
• Equitable - motorists pay for
congestion costs imposed on others or
choose to travel at different time/
route/ use public transport
• ERP rates - determine based on local
traffic conditions, location and time of
the day
S2: Manage Road Usage
39
Electronic Road Pricing
• ERP Rates reviewed every 3 months
• To ensure optimal use of road space
Optimal Speed Range
65 km/h 45 km/h
Increase rate Decrease rate
Expressways
Optimal Speed Range
30 km/h 20 km/h Other Roads
Increase rate Decrease rate
S2: Manage Road Usage
40
S3. Meeting Diverse Needs
Implement barrier-free accessibility
• MRT stations - lifts and tactile guidance system
• Wheelchair accessible buses
• Barrier-free road and road related facilities
Noise Abatement Measures
• Complete island-wide noise measurement study
• Install noise barriers at existing viaducts and
turnouts
S3: Meeting Diverse Needs
41
Facilitate Cycling
• Foldable bicycles allowed on buses and trains
• Better bicycle parking facilities at public transport nodes
• Implement cycling path networks and parking facilities in public housing estates
• Dedicated cycling tracks next to pedestrians footpaths
S3: Meeting Diverse Needs
42
Facilitate Cycling – EUR27 million
S3: Meeting Diverse Needs
43
Achieving Cleaner Transport
S3: Meeting Diverse Needs
Diesel-Hybrid Buses
• To trial on Diesel Hybrid Bus
Technology
Green Transport Research
• E.g. Development of Fuel Cell
Bus, Transport Energy
Efficiency and Cycling
Behaviour
Electric Vehicles (EVs)
• EV Taskforce/Test-Bed
• To conduct feasibility study on
setting up the infrastructure for
Electric Vehicles (EV)
New Carbon Emissions Scheme
• New cars with higher carbon
emissions pay between $5,000 to
$20,000 more
• Rebates within the same range
apply to vehicles producing less
carbon dioxide
44
THANK YOU
Orchard MRT Station