Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions Simulation and Observation of Land- Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN) Bart Geerts, Jeff Snider, Zhien Wang, Jeff French, Perry Wechsler, Al Rodi, Bob Kelly … Dept. of Atmospheric Science

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Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN). Bart Geerts, Jeff Snider, Zhien Wang, Jeff French, Perry Wechsler, Al Rodi, Bob Kelly … Dept. of Atmospheric Science. SOLPIN - Motivation. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

Page 1: Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

Bart Geerts, Jeff Snider, Zhien Wang, Jeff French, Perry Wechsler, Al Rodi, Bob Kelly …

Dept. of Atmospheric Science

Page 2: Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN - Motivation

• Cloudiness and precipitation in the Western USA are strongly modulated by the land surface – … at the same time clouds and precip exert much control on

the surface energy balance and vegetation types

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

Koster et al., Science 305, 1138 -1140 (2004)

Koster et al. (Science, 2004) shows that summertime land-atmosphere coupling is strong in the interior West

Shown is the {Omega} difference, a dimensionless diagnostic that describes the impact of soil moisture on precipitation, averaged across the 12 climate models participating in GLACE

Page 4: Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

Wintertime precipitation trend over the next 100 years remains highly uncertain

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN motivation: biosphere-precip coupling examples

• In summer certain ecosystems may release primary organic aerosols that can nucleate ice at unusually warm temperatures, and this can affect the dynamics and the precipitation efficiency of cumulus convection.

• Winter orographic precip appears to be strongly coupled with PBL turbulence, and possibly with surface vegetation. Also, the timing of the springtime snow melt-off and soil moisture spike relative to the onset of summertime quiescent conditions aloft may affect monsoon strength .

• The mean precip intensity may increase in a changing climate

scale dependency of water cycle in climate models

currentclimate

futureclimate

Page 6: Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN Motivation

• A better understanding of these processes is essential to – their incorporation in climate models– to the prediction of water resources in the West in a

warmer global climate

• Complexity of land surface – atmosphere interactions exceeds the capacity of a single discipline.

• Both focused observations and coupled numerical simulations are needed to move forward.

Page 7: Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation Interactions (SOLPIN)

NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN focus

• cloud and precipitation interactions, over timescales ranging from hours to decades.

• dual approach:– new measurement techniques– the improvement of cloud-resolving, coupled land-

atmosphere weather and climate models

• Geographic focus: Western USA

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN building blocks

1. UW King Air– 95 GHz cloud radar (WCR)– cloud lidar (WCL)– PMS probes, PCASP, CCN/CN …

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN building blocks

1. UWKA: proposed new capabilities – water vapor / temperature Raman lidar (Zhien

Wang)

- temperature and water vapor @ (Dx~1 km, Dz~100 m) - cloud / aerosol backscatter coefficient, extinction, and depolarization ratio

ARM Raman lidar,22 December 2005

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN building blocks

1. UWKA: proposed new capabilities – in situ measurements : temperature, water

vapor, cloud and precipitation particles (Jeff French)• ice water content• riming intensity• in-cloud temperature and humidity• larger sample sizes for large particles

– better probe characterization and siting requires airframe flow modelling (Rodi, Mavriplis)

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN building blocks2. Aerosol measurements New aerosol probes needed for super-m particles (primary

biogenics and dust particles). For an existing technique (PCASP), the sample volume rate is orders of magnitude too small for useful super-m measurement.

New Aerosol Instruments:

Super-m aerosol lidar (infrared)

Bio-APS (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer)

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN building blocks

3. Two new decade-long initiatives at NCAR:

4. NCAR Supercomputing Center 5. The new Earth System Science (ESS) undergraduate

degree program at UW

Colorado Headwaters Research Program(Gochis & Rasmussen)

BEACHON (Guenther)

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN human infrastructure

• faculty position in cloud and precipitation modelling– work closely with UW observationalists and with NCAR– assimilate/ compare field campaign data

• SOLPIN links with other proposed faculty positions– Boundary-layer meteorologist – Dynamic-vegetation modeler

• SOLPIN links with the new WY Excellence Chair in Atmosphere-Biosphere Interaction

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NSF EPSCoR - Simulation and Observation of Land-Precipitation INteractions

SOLPIN observational efforts: field campaigns

wintertime campaign – focused on orographic precipitation processes

• BEACHON campaign – during the growing season ?

• Colorado Headwaters campaign– early summer?

• continuous monitoring (with FoSTER)