SIMTARS SHIFTWORK AT BURTON MINE © SIMTARS 2000. Objectives of Project Determine alertness levels...
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Transcript of SIMTARS SHIFTWORK AT BURTON MINE © SIMTARS 2000. Objectives of Project Determine alertness levels...
SIMTARS
SHIFTWORK AT BURTON MINE
© SIMTARS 2000
Objectives of Project
• Determine alertness levels during work periods
• Sleep quantity and quality during home and work periods
• Factors affecting fatigue including: – job activity, alcohol, exercise, caffeine,
medication, environmental factors
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Data Collection - Part 1
• Lifestyle Questionnaire• Demographic and background information;
• Food and drink, including alcohol usage;
• Activity and exercise;
• Smoking status;
• Drug usage including medication, sleeping pills, recreational or illegal drugs;
• Work environment.
– 145 responses
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Data Collection - Part 2
• Sleep logs– Sleep ruler– Sleep scale– Sleep factors
questions
• Alertness logs– Time– Break– Activity– Environment– Rating of shift
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Data Collection - Part 2SLEEP RULER/ SLEEP SCALE/ SLEEP FACTORS QUESTIONS FOR WORK PERIODS
MARK WITH AN "X" THE TIME YOU WENT ASLEEP; MARK WITH A " " THE TIME YOU WOKE UP.
10 11 12
Midnight
Evening Morning Afternoon
Noon
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
USING THE SCALE BELOW, HOW WOULD YOU RATE YOUR LAST MAJOR SLEEP (PLACE AN "X´ON THE SCALE)
DATE OF SLEEP:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10very restless sometimes restless sound sleep
PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS WHEN YOU WAKE FROM YOUR LAST MAJOR SLEEP
I consumed 'x'amount caffeinateddrinks(cola, coffeeetc) in the
Approximately 2-3 hrsbefore going to bed, Iconsumed:
I exercised at least 20minutes
Medication(s) I took -(list the name of medications/timeeg 2 x Panadol at 7am)
My sleep last night wasdisturbed by:
record numberbeside time of day
Morning _____
Afternoon ____
About 2-3 hrs beforegoing to bed _____
Not applicable ____
Alcohol_________record number
Heavy Meal
Not Applicable
tick appropriate time
Before work
After work
About 2-3 hrs beforegoing to bed
Not applicable
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Data Collection - Part 2ALERTNESS SCALE Date Shift Commenced………………….
Feeling Active, alert or wide awake…………………………………….…. (1)
Functioning at high levels but not at your peak, able to concentrate…….…(2)Awake but relaxed; responsive but not fully alert………………………….(3)Somewhat foggy, let down…………………………………………………(4)Sleepy woozy fighting sleep prefer to lie down………………...………….(5)
HOURS BREAK( )
ACTIVITY(eg driving)
ENVIRONMENT(eg hot , air conditioned, noisy)
ALERTNESS(use scale)
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
*****
0400
0500
Was this shift: Easy Physical Stressful
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Data Collection - Part 3
• FIT2000 Measurements– Some measurements relate to fatigue
– Compare before and after shift to subjective alertness scales
– Readings taken at end of shift only
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Results - Part 1Demographics
• Number of Males - 133• Number of Females - 10• Undecided - 2
Workgroup Average Age Time in Mining Industry
(years) (years)
Production 39 7.4
Maintenance 38 4.0
CPP 34 7.5
Administration 34 5.7
Management 43 7.5
Other 39 2.7
The average age of all work groups at Burton mine is 38 years.
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Results - Part 1Alcohol Consumption
Alcohol intake Home Work
More than 4 standarddrinks per day 39% 15%
Persons drinking onmore than 5 days perweek
11%
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Part 1 - Results
• Food – No major differences in terms of unsaturated
fats, fruit and vegetables, grains and cereals
• Exercise– More workers exercise at home
– If regular exercisers, maintain this at work
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Part 1 - Results
• Smoking– 35% of workers still regularly smoke– 25% have never smoked
• Medication– very few use medication regularly (5)– 7 use sleeping pills when working night shift
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Part 1 - ResultsWork environment and shift system
• 75% - happy with shift arrangements
• ~10% - problems balancing • Shiftwork
• Family commitments
• Work performance
May have an important
effect on safety!
All Workers - Problems with Shiftwork
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
% o
f R
esp
on
ses
Sleep Family Social Work Performance
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Limitations of Data
• Total of 199 log books completed - small number for third period
• Some log books only partially completed
• Results based on aggregated data and individuals may differ significantly
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Part 2 - ResultsSleep Logs
5
6
7
8
9
Day Shift NightShift
Home
Sleep Quantity (hours)Sleep Quality
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Results - Part 2Sleep Logs
• Alcohol
• Medication
• Exercise
• Caffeine Consumption
• Environmental Factors
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
"A" CREW ALERTNESS
0
1
2
3
4
6AM 9AM 12PM 3PM 6PM 9PM 12AM 3AM
TIME
AL
ER
TN
ES
S
SC
AL
E
MEAN ALERTNESS ("A" CREW - DAY SHIFT)
MEAN ALERTNESS ("A" CREW - NIGHT SHIFT)
DAY SHIFT - LESS ONE STD DEV
DAY SHIFT - PLUS ONE STD DEV
NIGHT SHIFT - LESS ONE STD DEV
NIGHT SHIFT - PLUS ONE STD DEV
Results - Part 2Alertness Logs
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
"B" CREW (NIGHT SHIFT) ALERTNESS PER SHIFT
1
2
3
6PM 7PM 8PM 9PM 10PM 11PM 12AM 1AM 2AM 3AM 4AM 5AMTIME
AL
ER
TN
ES
S S
CA
LE
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - NIGHT SHIFT - DAY 1 )
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - NIGHT SHIFT - DAY 2 )
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - NIGHT SHIFT - DAY 3 )
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - NIGHT SHIFT - DAY 4 )
"B" CREW (DAY SHIFT) ALERTNESS PER SHIFT
1
2
3
6AM 7AM 8AM 9AM 10AM 11AM 12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PMTIME
AL
ER
TN
ES
S S
CA
LE
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - DAY SHIFT - DAY 1 )
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - DAY SHIFT - DAY 2 )
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - DAY SHIFT - DAY 3 )
MEAN ALERTNESS ("B" CREW - DAY SHIFT - DAY 4 )
Results - Part 2Alertness Logs
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
ALL CREW DAY SHIFTBREAK TIMES
0
20
40
60
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
Time of Breaks
Nu
mb
er
of
Bre
ak
s
A B C D
ALL CREWS - NIGHT SHIFTBREAK TIMES
0
20
40
60
1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 100 200 300 400 500 600
Time of Breaks
Nu
mb
er
of
Bre
ak
s
A B C D
Results - Part 2Alertness Logs
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
% of Responses
Shift Easy Physical Stressful
Day 54% 24% 22%
Night 32% 32% 36%
First day shift was the most stressful Third night was most stressful
Results - Part 2Alertness Logs
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Results - Part 3FIT2000 Measurements
• Average alertness levels at start of shift correlated with saccadic velocity for day shift but not night shift
• Length of sleep correlated with constriction latency for night shift but not day shift
• Quality of sleep not significantly correlated
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Summary
• Lifestyle factors such as food intake and exercise not different to home
• Reduced alcohol consumption during work periods
• 75% are happy with shift arrangements but 10% adversely affected by shiftwork and the effect on safety may be significant
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Summary
• Sleep quantity and quality on night shift reduced - significant sleep debt unlikely
• Caffeine, alcohol or exercise did not affect the quantity or quality of sleep
• Small number of reported uses of medication and environmental disturbances - effect not determined– Site level unlikely to be problem– Individual level needs consideration and management
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Summary
• Alertness levels fall over night shift more rapidly than during the day shift
• Alertness level at the end of night shift is lower
• Considerable individual variation in the alertness levels reported
• The timing of breaks important and different on day and night shifts
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Summary
• Workers find working the night shift more stressful than working the day shift
• The limitations of data prevented determining effect of change of activity/ environmental factors
• Effective site management of fatigue at Burton - individual worker need management at an individual level
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Conclusions
• Education and information programs at individual level should continue - diet and exercise for general health – important for the 10% having difficulties
• High standard of accommodation and catering for quantity and quality of sleep
• Flexibility when scheduling breaks
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Conclusions
• Scheduling - – lowered alertness levels at the end of each night shift
– effect of unfavourable environmental conditions
– time in unfavourable conditions or high levels of concentration should be scheduled during times of higher alertness
• Fitness for duty testing - part of shiftwork management
© SIMTARS 2000THIESS
Thank you!
• Murray Wiggins - DME
• Workers and Management at Burton Mine