A Strategic Intervention Material

In Science

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Developed by:

JESHREL B. PLAZATeacher 1-Madrid National High School

Focus Least Learned Competency:

Naming the different bones in the human skeletal system and identifying its functions.

Sub-competency:

K- Name the different bones in human skeletal system and identify its functions;S - locate the different bones in the human skeletal system;A - Appreciate the importance of skeletal system.

Table of Contents

Title Card ------------------------------ 1

Table of Content ------------------------------- 2

Guide Card ------------------------------- 3

Activity Card ------------------------------- 4-8

Assessment Card ------------------------------- 9-10

Enrichment Card ------------------------------- 11

Reference Card -------------------------------- 12

Answer Card ------------------------------- 13

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GUIDE CARD 1

If you’re you ready then take this challenge…Good Luck…

Instruction: There are ten (10) terms that are related to skeletal system that can be found in the table that follows. Identify these words by enclosing them by an oblong.

A D B N M Y F H K H S B J Y PS T E R N U M A D H V D H S EO S D F K J A X I A L J S F RS X A Z E O J R I B C A G E IS A P P E N D I C U L A R K OI D H J O I N T S A A G H O TF A G K F S T A C B M K D H EI Z O S T E O N S F H H D F UC H T G A F A F G K H A S O MA E A C S E X R H S K U L L YT R S F R M F D B Y K T I X GI S Y K F U H F X R H F H C FO A H F D R N N S F G S D B DN H C H O N R O C Y T E S G S

C A R T I L A G E G B A S B

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Hi…Im Mr Bonny…The Explorer…Do you know how important are your bones? Are you interested to know the functions, divisions and locations of your bones? So, Let us take a trip inside the human skeletal System.

Are you ready?

I know you are excited…..But before we explore on human skeleton, we are going to find some words in the puzzle because they are the keywords that will guide us as we go along with our adventure. Are you ready?

Here are the correct words imbedded in the table.

A D B N M Y F H K H S B J Y PS T E R N U M A D H V D H S EO S D F K J A X I A L J S F RS X A Z E O J R I B C A G E IS A P P E N D I C U L A R K OI D H J O I N T S A A G H O TF A G K F S T A C B M K D H EI Z O S T E O N S F H H D F UC H T G A F A F G K H A S O MA E A C S E X R H S K U L L YT R S F R M F D B Y K T I X GI S Y K F U H F X R H F H C FO A H F D R N N S F G S D B DN H C H O N D R O C Y T E S S

C A R T I L A G E G B A S B

1. Joints 5. Ribcage 9. Chondrocytes

2. Femur 6. Ossification 10. Osteons

3. Skull 7. Cartilage 11. Axial

4. Sternum 8. Periosteum 12. Appendicular

ARE YOUR ANSWERS CORRECT? Well, those words are just few info of the skeletal system. To widen the horizon of your knowledge you are going to embark to the following challenge…Are you ready?

Here are some facts about skeletal system………want to know?

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Fact 1

Newborn human has more bones than adult. Babies have

more than 300 bones while adult has 206 bones only.

Fact 1Q and A

How many bones that an adult has? a baby?

ACTIVITY CARD 1

Fact 2Q and A

Match column A to Column Ba. Protection man can sit, stand, walk and run because of skeletal system.

b. Body movement Protects the delicate parts of the body.

c. Mineral Storage Red blood cells , white blood cells and platelets are produced in the marrow.

d. Production of blood cells bones store calcium and phosphorus ions in the form of calcium phosphate.

e. Support bones and muscles make movement of body parts possible.

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Fact 2

Skeletal system has 5 major functions:

a. Support – man can sit, stand, walk and run because of skeletal system.

b. Protection-Protects the delicate parts of the body.

Example: skull for brain and ribcage for heart and lung

c. Production of blood cells-Red blood cells , white blood cells and platelets are

produced in the marrow.

d. Mineral storage – bones store calcium and phosphorus ions in the form of calcium phosphate.

ACTIVITY CARD 2

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Fact number 3

2 Divisions of Skeleton

Axial Skeleton – are bones that lie in the midline of the body.

(skull,hyoid bone , vertebral column , sternum , ribcage)

Appendicular Skeleton- are bones that do not lie in the midline of the body. ( pectoral girdle or shoulder bones , pelvic

girdle or hipbones ,attached limbs or arms and legs)

Fact number 3Q and A

1________________ – a division where bones are lying in the midline of the body.(skull, hyoid bone , vertebral column , sternum , ribcage)

2________________ - a division where bones are not lying in the midline of the body. ( pectoral girdle or shoulder

bones , pelvic girdle or hipbones ,attached limbs or arms and legs)

Fact number 3Q and A

1. How is axial skeleton differ from appendicular skeleton?

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Fact 4Femur - longest bonePeriosteum- a tough membrane that covers the compact bonesOsteons or Haversian system – cylindrical unit of compact bonesOsteocytes - bone cellsThe end of a long bone is less compact and contains many small spaces that make the bone lighter.Bone marrow – are found in the cavities of bones2 types of bone marrow:

Red marrow-produces red blood cells, white blood cells , and platelets

-found in the bones of the ribs, sternum, skull, vertebrae, ends of long bones ,and some short bones.

b. yellow marrow- serve as fat reserve.- found in the cavities of long bones.Cartilage-is softer and flexible than bone because it lacks minerals.

-has gellike matrix and contains many collagenous and elastic fibers

-Has no blood vessels-is found at the ends of the long bones ,larynx ,trachea ,tip of

nose , and external ear.Chondrocytes-the cells of a cartilage.Ossification –the process of bone formation.

ACTIVITY CARD 3

Fact 4Q and A

1. What do you call to the process of bone formation?

2. What is the longest bone of human?

3. What parts of your body that the cartilage be found?

4. Is a tough membrane that covers the compact bones?

5 . What do you call to the bone cells?

6. How is red marrow differ from yellow?

JOINT-is any point where two or more bones meetComparison of the Types of JointsType of Joint Characteristics/Functions Location

1. Immovable Fixed;allows no movement Skull,pelvis2. Movable

a. Hinge

b. Ball –and- Socket

c. Pivot

d. Gliding

Allows a wide range of movement

Permits movement in one direction only

Allows rotation and movement in all direction

One bone rotates in a ring of another bone.

One part of s bone glides over another bone

Knees , elbows , fingers

Hips , shoulders

Neck

Wrists , ankles , vertebrae

Instruction:

Complete the table by filling with correct word/s or term/s. The table above is your guide.

JOINT-is any point where two or more bones meet

Comparison of the Types of Joints

Type of Joint Characteristics/Functions Location

1.Immovable ____________________ Skull, pelvis

2.Movable

A______________

B.Ball –and- Socket

C.____________

D.Gliding

Allows a wide range of movement

Permits movement in one direction only

Allows rotation and movement in all direction

One bone rotates in a ring of another bone.

One part of s bone glides over another bone

Knees , elbows , fingers

______,___________

Neck

Wrists , ankles , vertebrae

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ACTIVITY CARD 4

Instruction: Name the parts of the skeletal system below.The illustration above is your guide.

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1

4

68

7

3

12

9

2

11

10

5

ACTIVITY CARD 5

Instruction:

Answer the following question. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which part of human skeleton is immovable joint be found?

a. neck b. hips c. pelvis d. wrist

2. Is a system responsible for the framework and structure of the body?

a. lymphatic system b. circulatory system

c. digestive system d. skeletal system

3. A bone marrow which functions as fat reserve.

a. red marrow b. yellow marrow

c. osteons d. white marrow

4. The following are bones of appendicular skeleton except

a. pectoral girdle b. pelvic girdle c. limbs d. sternum

5. Are cells of a cartilage?

a. chondrocytes b. osteoblast c. osteons d. marrow

6. Has gellike matrix and contains many collagenous and elastic fibers. It is softer and more flexible than bone because it lacks minerals .

a. fiber b. marrow c. cartilage d. blood

7. Which part of the human skeleton a gliding joint be found?

a. knees b. shoulder c. neck d. ankles

8. Is any point where two or more bones meet?

a. bones b. cartilage c. joint d. muscle

9. The longest bone in the body.

a. femur b. fibula c. ulna d. sternum

10. The following are the major functions of skeletal system except:

a. support b .protection

c. production of gametes d. storage

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Assessment Card 1

A. Instruction:

Match column A to Column B. Write the letter of your choice in a blank provided before the number.

______1.Protection a .man can sit, stand, walk and run because of skeletal system.______2.Body movement b. protects the delicate parts of the body.______3Mineral Storage c. Red blood cells , white blood cells and platelets are produced in the marrow.______4.Production of blood cells d. bones store calcium and phosphorus ions in the form of calcium

phosphate.______5. Support e. bones and muscles make movement of body parts possible.

B.Instruction:

Complete the table by supplying the correct word/s in a blank.

_________-is any point where two or more bones meetComparison of the Types of Joints

Type of Joint Characteristics/Functions Location1. Immovable Fixed;allows no movement Skull, pelvis2. Movable

a.Hinge

b.__________________

c.Pivot

d.________________

_____________________________

Permits movement in one direction only

Allows rotation and movement in all direction

One bone rotates in a ring of another bone.

One part of s bone glides over another bone

______ ,_____ , ______Hips , shoulders

_________

Wrists , ankles , vertebrae

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Assessment Card 2

Instruction:Select a word from the box to name the parts of the skeleton.

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Enrichment Card

Tibia skull radius humerus

Patella Fibula clavicle ulna

Pelvis spine rib cage femur

Books:

Dela Cruz,Susana B.Biology Textbook-BEC 2002 Compliant

Phoenix Publication, p.222-224

Capco,Carmelita M..Biology Textbook-You and The Natural World

Phoenix Publication, p.148-154

Electronic Sources:

Parts of the skeletal System. Accessed at Encarta

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SCORE CARD

S

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