Silicon Fertilizer Enhances Stress Tolerance of...
Transcript of Silicon Fertilizer Enhances Stress Tolerance of...
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Silicon Fertilizer Enhances Stress
Tolerance of Bedding and Potted PlantsNeil Mattson
[email protected] Research & Extension
Webinar
©2015
Plant Nutrition Research Update
Webinar online at:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzez3yIvARI
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What is silicon?What is silicon?• Si, the 14th element on
the periodic table• Second largest
constituent of soils– Oxygen 47% (by
weight)– Silicon 27%– Aluminum 8%
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Silicon not SiliconeSilicon:• Orthosilicic acid: H4SiO4
– Form absorbed by plants
• Silica, SiO2, Quartz, amorphous glass– Form deposited into plant tissue
Silicone:• polymer of Si, C, H, and O• Rubber-like consistency• Commonly used in cookware,
sealants, adhesives, lubricants
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Do floriculture species in a soilless substrate take up Si?
Soilless substrate: 2 ppm Si(Soils: 3-30 ppm Si)
Cornell water: 0.8 ppm Si
Objective: Screen 21 floriculture species to determine if supplemental Sienhances leaf tissue Si
Bedding plants grown for 10 weeks with weekly drenches of 0 or 112 ppm Si (potassium silicate, Dyna Gro ProTeKt) Mattson and Leatherwood, HortScience, 2010
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Petunia
'Cas
cadia
Che
rry Spa
rk'
Tubero
us Beg
onia
Scaev
ola 'B
rillian
t'
Fuchs
ia 'M
arink
a'
Ivy G
eraniu
m 'Glob
al Soft
Pink'
Ivy G
eraniu
m 'Glob
al Rub
y Red
'
Portula
ca 'J
oy W
ine R
ed'
Zonal
Geraniu
m 'Patr
iot Brig
ht Red
'
Bacop
a 'Gull
iver W
hite'
Lysim
achia
'Gold
II'
Bractea
ntha '
Golden
Beauty
'
Vinca '
Wojo's
Gem'
Variag
ated V
inca
DBL Impa
tiens
'Cam
eo Sca
rlet S
uper'
Calibra
choa
'Cele
bratio
n Blue
'
Lobe
lia 'H
ot Wate
rblue
'
NG Impa
tiens
'Pure
Beauty
Whit
e'
Calibra
choa
'Cele
bratio
n Ros
e'
Verben
a 'Trop
ical B
reeze
Purple'
Argyran
themum
'Sun
light'
Torenia
'Blue
Moo
n'0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000Le
af S
i Con
tent
(μg
· g-1
)
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Portula
ca 'J
oy W
ine R
ed'
Tubero
us Beg
onia
Ivy G
eraniu
m 'Glob
al Soft
Pink'
Variag
ated V
inca
Ivy G
eraniu
m 'Glob
al Rub
y Red
'
Lysim
achia
'Gold
II'
Fuchs
ia 'M
arink
a'
Vinca '
Wojo's
Gem'
Scaev
ola 'B
rillian
t'
Bractea
ntha '
Golden
Beauty
'
Zonal
Geraniu
m 'Patr
iot Brig
ht Red
'
Bacop
a 'Gull
iver W
hite'
Argyran
themum
'Sun
light'
NG Impa
tiens
'Pure
Beauty
Whit
e'
DBL Impa
tiens
'Cam
eo Sca
rlet S
uper'
Lobe
lia 'H
ot Wate
rblue
'
Calibra
choa
'Cele
bratio
n Blue
'
Torenia
'Blue
Moo
n'
Verben
a 'Trop
ical B
reeze
Purple'
Petunia
'Cas
cadia
Che
rry Spa
rk'
Calibra
choa
'Cele
bratio
n Ros
e'0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160In
crea
se in
Lea
f Si C
onte
nt (%
)
Mattson and Leatherwood, HortScience, 2010
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Horticultural Traits
F0.05; + Increase; - Decrease
Petunia
'Cas
cadia
Cherry
Spark'
Tubero
us Beg
onia
Scaev
ola 'B
rillian
t'
Fuchs
ia 'M
arink
a'
Ivy G
eraniu
m 'Glob
al Soft
Pink'
Ivy G
eraniu
m 'Glob
al Rub
y Red
'
Portula
ca 'Jo
y Wine
Red'
Zonal
Geraniu
m 'Patr
iot Brig
ht Red
'
Bacop
a 'Gulli
ver W
hite'
Lysim
achia
'Gold
II'
Bractea
ntha '
Golden
Beauty
'
Vinca '
Wojo's G
em'
Variag
ated V
inca
DBL Impa
tiens
'Cam
eo Sca
rlet S
uper'
Calibrac
hoa '
Celebra
tion B
lue'
Lobe
lia 'Hot
Waterbl
ue'
NG Impa
tiens
'Pure
Beauty
Whit
e'
Calibrac
hoa '
Celebra
tion R
ose'
Verben
a 'Trop
ical B
reeze
Purple'
Argyran
themum
'Sun
light'
Torenia
'Blue
Moo
n'
Horti
cultu
ral T
raits
+++
++
+-
+-
+
-
---
+++
+
+
-
+++--
+ +
-
+
-+
- +
-
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Conclusions – Si Screening• Weekly Si supplementation increased leaf
Si concenctration for ½ of species studied• Cultivars within a species can vary in Si
accumulating ability; and Si growth effects• Differential Si accumulation not required to
see a growth affect – continual supply of plant available Si may be
more important• In absence of (a)biotic stresses, Si did not
have any dramatic effects on plant growth
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Does Si enhance salt tolerance of floriculture species?
• 28 species• Seedlings transplanted into a soilless substrate• Fertilized daily• Treated 5 weeks, then harvestedTreatments1. -NaCl -Si (Control)2. -NaCl +Si3. +NaCl -Si4. +NaCl +Si
920 ppm Na + 1416 ppm Cl, 56 ppm SiCost of Si application 2 cents / pot
Dr. Jinrong Liu
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Si benefits• For 8 species, salt stressed
plants +Si were significantly larger than -Si
Of these +Si increased DW by 47% to 152%
• +Si did not reduce growth of unstressed plants
• 4 additional species showed some benefit
+Salt +Si not sig. diff. from control
Si DW of salt stressed plants• Bacopa• Begonia (Fibrous)• Calibrachoa• Cuphea• Dahlia• Impatiens• Pansy• Snapdragon
Letters represent Tukey’s HSD separation comparison, alpha=0.05
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Si benefits• For 12 species, salt stressed
plants +Si were significantly larger than -Si
Of these +Si increased DW by 47% to 152%
• +Si did not reduce growth of unstressed plants
• 4 additional species showed some benefit
+Salt +Si not sig. diff. from control
Letters represent Tukey’s HSD separation comparison, alpha=0.05
A CA B0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
-NaCl +NaClSh
oot D
W (g
)
Impatiens Dry Weight
-Si
+Si
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New Guinea Impatiens ‘Sonic Deep Purple’
-NaCl +NaCl +NaCl-Si +Si -Si
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Postharvest Wilt
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Petunia heat stress, 1 day exposurePlants had received 0 or 100ppm Si weekly for several weeks
102° F 95° F
+Si +Si-Si -Si
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3 days at 102 °F
- Silicon + Silicon
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Stress Induced Silicon Accumulation
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Using Potassium Silicate• Liquid potassium-silicate (ex: Dyna Gro Pro-TeKt)
cannot be mixed in the same stock tank as your standard fertilizer, solutions:– Second injector in series– 1x weekly drench when not fertilizing
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Using Potassium Silicate• Suggested Trial Rate
– 50 ppm silicon if Constant Liquid Feed– 100 ppm silicon for weekly drench
• Raises pH slightly (ex: 0.3 pH units)
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Neil’s thought on silicon…
The addition of Si to greenhouse plants growing in soilless substrates appears to be beneficial for certain plants under certain conditions
1) A stress is present (heat, salt, biotic)2) Tap water, fertilizer, or substrate does not
continually supply enough Si as a contaminant3) Not a miracle cure for every stress
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THE END
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