Signature (unit, name, etc.) A Global Greencard? Putting Migration Back into Development Malcolm...
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Transcript of Signature (unit, name, etc.) A Global Greencard? Putting Migration Back into Development Malcolm...
Signature (unit, name, etc.)
A Global Greencard? Putting Migration Back into Development
Malcolm Langford,
Director, Socio-Economic Rights Programme
Norwegian Centre for Human Rights
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Signature (unit, name, etc.)
Arguments For Open Borders
• Locational luck as basis for life?
• Migration as a right – (Rawls and Nozick)• Migration as a duty – (Rawls, Pogge and Sen)• Economic gains* • Historical justice
*Particularly to LICs for sending low-skilled/educated citizens.
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Arguments for Closed Borders
• Sovereignty?
• Other Rights at Stake– E.g. Self-Determination
• Compatriotism – Special Obligations
• Communitarianism – Protection of Ethno-National Culture or Cultural Rate of Change
• Utilitarian
– Closed Borders better for Achieving Democracy and Public Order
- Little impact on poverty and brain drain problem
• Social Welfare – Avoids Social Dumping
• Reflective Equilibrium – Faily open borders
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Reflective Equilibrium?
• “Fairly open borders”• Open borders for some individuals not others• Open borders for some countries not others • Open borders at some times but not others
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A Proposal
• 2015: Include a goal/target of promoting free movement of labour
• Target could be 10, 20 or 30 per cent of persons living in income poverty being granted greencards between 2015 and 2030.
• Target would cover all middle-to-higher and higher-income countries – with some graduatrion for GDP PPP
• Greencards would give permanent residency rights and path to citizenship except if serious crimes committed.
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Implementation
• Implementation could follow the model of the US Diversity Visa (one of the ’Greencards’)
• Target would be monitored by World Bank, ILO and IMO.
• IMO could provide international coordination for scheme as is done with UNHCHR refugeess
• Countries could possibly buy out their migation quota in a similar was as carbon emissions.
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Open your borders or open your wallets!Veit Bader, Ethics of Immigration (2005)
Citizenship in Western liberal democracies isthe modern equivalent of feudal privilege – an inherited status that greatly enhance one’s life chances.
Jospeh Carens, Aliens and Citizens (1987)