Sigma Presentation | August 2021
Transcript of Sigma Presentation | August 2021
Sigma Presentation | August 2021
Sigma Lithium Corporation
TSX-V: SGMA: CN
OTC: SGMLF
www.sigmalithiumresources.com
Disclaimer
1
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking StatementsThis presentation contains “forward-looking information” (also referred to herein as “forward-looking statements”) under the provisions of applicable Canadian securitieslegislation regarding Sigma Lithium Resources Corporation (“Sigma”). Generally, these forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “plans”,“expects”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates”, “believes” or variations of such words and phrases or statements thatcertain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will”, “occur” or “be achieved” or the negative connotation thereof.
Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those in respect of: the economic outlook for the mining industry, including competitors of Sigma; expectationsregarding lithium prices, current project exploration and development expectations and plans in respect of Sigma’s material property located in Minas Gerais, Brazil (the“Sigma Project”); liquidity, capital resources and expenditures; sustainability; business development strategies and outlook; production forecasts; cash flows, sales and othereconomic measures; development of mineral resource and mineral reserve estimates; financing opportunities; business partnerships; and economic performance, financialconditions and other expectations.
Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity,performance or achievements of Sigma and/or the Sigma Project to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, includingbut not limited to, those in respect of: the Sigma Project may not be developed as planned and uncertainty of whether there will ever be production at the Sigma Project;cost overruns; risks associated with Sigma’s ability to successfully secure adequate funding; market prices affecting the ability to develop the Sigma Project; risk to thegrowth of lithium markets; lithium prices; inability to obtain required governmental permits and operations being limited by government-imposed limitations; inability toachieve and manage expected growth; political risk associated with foreign operations, and emerging and developing market risks; risks associated with not havingdevelopment and production experience; operational risks; changes in government regulation; changes to environmental requirements; insurance risk; receipt and securityof mineral property titles and mineral tenure risk; competition; market risk; volatility in global financial conditions; uncertainties associated with estimating mineralresources, including uncertainties relating to the assumptions underlying mineral resource estimates and whether mineral resources will ever be developed into mineralreserves; opposition to development of Sigma’s mineral properties; surface access risk; geological, technical, drilling or processing problems; uncertainties in estimatingcapital and operating costs, cash flows and other project economics; liabilities and risks, including environmental liabilities and risks, inherent in mineral extractionoperations; health and safety risks; unanticipated results of exploration activities; unpredictable weather conditions; unanticipated delays in preparing technical studies; anincrease in the costs of manufacturing products, including the costs of any raw materials used in the process; inability to generate profitable operations; restrictivecovenants in debt instruments; lack of availability of additional financing on terms acceptable to Sigma; shareholder dilution; dependence on key personnel; likelihood ofpayment of dividends in the future; competition for, amongst other things, capital, undeveloped lands and skilled personnel; fluctuations in currency exchange and interestrates; regulatory risk; conflicts of interest; share price volatility; cyber-security risks and threats; nd risks relating to public health crises, including the COVID-19 virus.
Forward-looking statements also include, but are not limited to, factors and assumptions in respect of: the ability of Sigma to fund, advance and develop the Project, Sigma’sability to operate in a safe and effective manner; the ability to obtain and maintain mining, exploration, environmental and other permits, authorizations and approvals; theresults from the pilot plant and laboratory; demand for lithium, including that such demand is supported by growth in the electric vehicle market; the impact of increasingcompetition in the lithium business, and Sigma’s competitive position in the industry; market position and future financial or operating performance of Sigma; generaleconomic conditions; estimates of, and changes to, the market prices for lithium; exploration, development and construction costs for the Project; estimates of mineralresources and mineral reserves, including whether mineral resources will ever be developed into mineral reserves; reliability of technical data; anticipated timing andresults of exploration, development and construction activities; Sigma’s ability to obtain additional financing on satisfactory terms, including the financing contemplated inthe Mitsui HOA; the ability to develop and achieve production at the Project; successful negotiation of definitive commercial agreements, including off-take agreements;accuracy of current budget and construction estimates; the timing and possible outcome of regulatory and permitting matters; and anticipated trends and effects of theCOVID-19 virus.
www.sigmalithiumresources.com
Disclaimer (Cont’d)
2
Although Sigma has attempted to identify important factors, risks and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements, there may be others that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that such forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made as of the date hereof and, accordingly, are subject to change after such date. Forward-looking statements are provided for the purpose of providing information about management’s current expectations and plans and allowing investors and others to get a better understanding of Sigma’s operating environment. Sigma does not intend or undertake to update any forward-looking statements that are included in this presentation, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except in accordance with applicable securities laws.
Cautionary Note Regarding Mineral Resource Estimates
This presentation uses the terms “mineral resources,” “measured mineral resources,” “indicated mineral resources”, and “inferred mineral resources” to comply with the reporting standards in Canada. SEC Industry Guide 7 does not recognize mineral resources and U.S. companies have not generally been permitted to disclose resources in documents they file with the SEC. Although new reporting classification standards have been adopted in the United States which replace and modernize the standards in SEC Industry Guide 7 and permit the disclosure of estimated mineral resources, the modernized estimation methodologies adopted by the SEC may still differ from those permitted by NI 43-101 and the CIM Definition Standards.
Third Party Information
This presentation includes .market, industry, economic data and projections which was obtained from various publicly available sources and other sources believed by Sigma to be true. Although Sigma believes it to be reliable, it has not independently verified any of the data from third party sources referred to in this presentation, or analyzed or verified the underlying reports relied upon or referred to by such sources, or ascertained the underlying economic and other assumptions relied upon by such sources. Sigma believes that the market, industry and economic data is accurate and that the estimates and assumptions are reasonable, but there can be no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness thereof. The accuracy and completeness of the market, industry and economic data in this presentation are not guaranteed, and Sigma does not make any representation as to the accuracy or completeness of such information.
Technical Information
Scientific and technical information contained in this presentation was reviewed and approved by Marc-Antoine Laporte, P. Geo., M. Sc. of SGS Canada Inc. Mr. Laporte is a “qualified person” as defined by National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”). Certain technical information in this presentation was derived from the technical report entitled “Grota do Cirilo Lithium Project, Araçuaí and Itinga Regions, Minas Gerais, Brazil, NI 43-101 Technical Report on Feasibility Study, Final Report” prepared by Fred Claridge, P. Eng, Lucas Duarte, P. Eng, Ara Erzingatzian, P. Eng, Kiedock Kim, P. Eng, Marc-Antoine Laporte, P. Geo, and Porifrio Cabaleiro Rodriguez, MEng, which is dated October 18, 2019 and effective September 16, 2019 (the “Feasibility Study”). The Feasibility Study is available on the SEDAR profile of Sigma at www.sedar.com. Mineral resources in the Feasibility Study are reported inclusive of mineral reserves. Readers are advised that mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. Some figures herein have been rounded for presentation purposes. This presentation and the Feasibility Study contain certain non-GAAP measures. The non-GAAP measures do not have any standardized meaning within IFRS and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. These measures provide information that is customary in the mining industry and that is useful in evaluating the Sigma Project. This data should not be considered as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.
This presentation is confidential and is not to be forwarded or distributed without the consent of Sigma.
Lithium Sector Momentum and Long-Term Outlook
2.264
3.240
5.150
6.551
8.566
11.301
14.797
2019 YTD 2020 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E
4
The Fast & Unexpected “Leapfrogging Growth” of Europe EVDemand in Post-COVID 19 World
Decarbonization as one of the main messages for the post-pandemic economy
Europe overtook China as the leading market for EVs in 2020
EV market share in Europe: 3.3% (2019) JUMPS to 15% Q1 21
China continues to grow: 20% EV penetration in 2025
Source: UBS.
EV Sales in Europe137% YoY (19/20)
Europe
China
Others
World EV sales (‘000) and Market Share (%)
53%
26%
41%
43%
30%
51%
32%
48%
34%
46%
36%
44%
37%
42%
21%
16%
19%
20%
20%
20%
21%
2020
5
Source: Wall Street Research.(1) S&P Global as of August 16th, 2021. Current prices reflect CIF North Asia for Chemicals and FOB Australia for Spodumene.
Lithium Prices (U$/T)
Lithium Carbonate
6% Spodumene Lithium
Lithium Hydroxide
Lithium Prices
Structural changes in the automotive sector have resulted in a dramatic shift toward
EVs
Lithium-based batteries are expected to be key in the decarbonization of ground
transport
KEY Question: what is the long-term incentive price?
8.363
12.000
17.000
20.500 19.133
10.363
13.302
18.500
21.000 19.737
419
835
1.288 1.250 1.232
2020 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E
Lithium Is The Most Leveraged Material in The EV Thematic -Spodumene Spot Prices Increased 3x Since 2020
$14,000/t
$1,300/t
$17,600/t
Current (1)
6
(248)
10
Oversupply (Deficit)
Supply Demand
(65)
Fully Funded New Entrants
U$ 3.7bn+raised by
key lithium players in
1H21(1)
427
982
328
227
2020 HardrockProduction
Brine Production 2025
427
785982
417
850
1,230
2020 2023 2025
Projected Supply is Dependent on Further Funding of New Entrants, and Fully-Funded Players are Few and Far Between
33 ktpaof LCE Production
(2022)+
33 ktpa(2023)
Lithium Supply Increases with Project Executions(k MT LCE)
Lithium Market to Go into Deficit(k MT LCE)
40 ktpaof LCE Production
(2022)+
20 ktpa(Long Term)
25 ktpaof LCE Production
(2022)
Source: Wall Street Research, Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, Company Information(1) Considers recent and planned equity raisings by Lithium Americas, Albermarle, NeoLithium, SQM, Gangfeng, and Piedmont
A Tight Market Heading Rapidly into a Deficit Even if NewProjects Come Online
Sigma – Summary
World’s Next Major Lithium Producer
▪ World’s next relevant spodumene producer with 33,000t LCE production capacity in 2022 (1), doubling to 66,000t LCE in 2023 (2)
▪ Offtake “take-or-pay” agreement with $30m pre-payment from Mitsui(3)
▪ $50m project finance debt from Societe Generale(4)
▪ Lowest CAPEX intensity amongst peers
▪ Competitive operating costs
▪ Stage 1 (Xuxa) 9 years LOM (5) and Stage 2 (Barreiro) 13 years LOM (6)
▪ Stage 1 (Xuxa Deposit) has the 3rd highest grade deposit in the world
▪ Brazil renewable energy competitive advantage enables medium term intermediate chemical strategy
8
(1) As of Xuxa Feasibility Study announcement on October 7th, 2019; (2) As of PEA results announcement on June 2, 2021; (3) As of strategic alliance announcement on April 5th 2019; (4) Under MoU; (5) Considering proven & probable reserves; (5) Phase 1 (Xuxa) DFS; (6) Phase 2 (Barreiro) PEA.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Jan
-20
Feb
-20
Mar
-20
Ap
r-2
0
May
-20
Jun
-20
Jul-
20
Au
g-2
0
Sep
-20
Oct
-20
No
v-2
0
Dec
-20
Jan
-21
Feb
-21
Mar
-21
Ap
r-2
1
May
-21
Jun
-21
Jul-
21
Au
g-2
1
SGMA-CA US Listed Juniors
9
Share Price Performance Since Jan 2020 (USD) (1)
Shareholders Structure
Largest Shareholder Ownership
Management and Directors (A10 Fund) 55.5%
Main Investors
Key Statistics
Date as of 9th August, 2021
Symbol
TSX-V: SGMA:CA
OTC-QB: SGMLF
Shares Outstanding 87,328,212
Average Daily Volume2 75,1524 = C$531K
Market Cap US$ 659 million
Cash(3) US$ 37million
Project Finance
▪ Bank Facility(4): US$ 50 million
▪ Development Bank Facility(5): US$ 15 million
Source: Factsheet as of August 6th and Company Public Fillings. Notes: (1) Considers Standard Lithium Pre-US Listing; 2) Last 30 Days; (3) 2Q21; (4) Under MOU; (5) As of Press Release from December 8th, 2020.
Dec 13, 2020: Lock Up Ended
Lock-Up EndedJune 13, 2021
707%
401%
Capital Structure: Sigma Has Been Publicly Traded Since 2018in TSX-v, But It is Tightly Held By Large Institutional Investors
Pursuing a Listing in a Major U.S.A. Exchange
10
Nasdaq has unparalleled access to the EV thematic investors and highlights
sigma’s uniqueness in greentech lithium mining
Follows Brazil joining US critical minerals group strategically positioned to
supply USA with lithium
Decision based on close benchmarking of Sigma’s advanced pre-production
stage of execution with peers
(Producer)
(Producer) (Producer)
(Pre-Producer )
11
Shipping: Ilhéus Port
Road: Existing Highway to Port
Ilhéus Port: 500 km away and allows smaller 40,000t ships
Connected to theport by severalhighways
Power: Hydroelectricity
Irapé power plant,360MW capacity
Favorable Atlantic Port Location Transmission Lines
Water Licensefor River at Property
Minas Gerais
Belo Horizont
e
680km
500kmAraçuaí
Port Ilheus
Existing transmissionlines at property
(Hamburgo)(Houston)
Ilhéus Port
(Shanghai)
Strategically Well Positioned to become a Leader in Lithium
3
Source: Sigma’s Feasibility Study.Notes: (1) Reserves; (2) As of strategic alliance announcement on April 5th 2019.
Global Strategic
Relevance
4
2Near Term
Cash Flow
Integrated pre-chemical concentrate with downstream clients
Strategic alliance with Mitsui for phase 1 (2)
100% owned - largest hardrock lithium project in the Americas (1)
Highest quality & purity: 3rd highest grade in the world
Commercial production in 2022 of high purity lithium
concentrate
12
1
5
Proactively
Green &
Sustainable
Best-in-Class Management
Based Locally
Featured as “Sustainable Miner” at UN - COP 25 in 2019
100% dry stacking, 100% hydroelectric power and 100% water
recirculation
Track record of achieving milestones since IPO with superb
execution
Integrated
Supply
Sigma: Large Near-Term Producer of Unique “Green” Lithium
A Vertically Integrated Near-Term Lithium Producer and Key Player in the EV Value Chain
13
Battery ProducersSpodumene Mining Greentech DMS Plant Chemical
Tollers
Battery Producers
EV Manufacture
rs
Nossa Vantagem Competitiva: Concentrado Pré-Químico de LítioGrau Bateria de Alto Teor, PRODUZIDO COM TECNOLOGIA LIMPA
8
Produto do Beneficiamento da Sigma: Concentrado Pré-Químico Grau Bateria
Austrália Grau Bateria Granulometria Fina Seco
RochaAustrália Grau Bateria
Granulometria Fina Úmida
Spodumene Ultra High Purity 6% Premium Pre-Chemical
20
x Sig
ma
pre
miu
m
Lithium Hydroxide
or Carbonate
EV Grade Battery
Completed Electric Vehicle
(Sigma Today: 52Mt –
4 out of 9 former producing mines
)
(Expanded Potential
All Open Pit)
Sigma to Become Strategic & Dominant in the Atlantic
(Greenbushes)
Li2O
G
rad
e (
%)
(Wodgina)
Million Tonnes of Lithium Carbon Equivalent (LCE)
Projects Producing or in Feasibility - Measured and Indicated NI-43101 Mineral Resource
Buble Size: Measured and IndicatedMineral Resource
Current producers
Development Projects
Source: Company Fillings 14
Clear Investment Plan to Get to Production by 2022
15
2035
High Quality Leads to Low Processing and Overall ProductionCosts
16
2,00%
1,65%
1,55%
1,54%
1,47%
1,43%
1,42%
1,41%
1,40%
1,38%
1,34%
1,25%
1,18%
1,17%
1,16%
1,12%
1,06%
1,06%
1,01%
0,98%
0,50%
Greenbushes (Abermale, Tinaqui &…
Manono (AVZ Resources)
Sigma Phase 1
Mt Holland (SQM & Wesfarmers)
Wabouchi (Nemaska Lithium)
Mt Cattlin (Galaxy Resources)
Sigma Phase 2
Finnis (Core Lithium)
James Bay (Galaxy Resources)
Kathleen Valley (Liontown)
Mt Marion (Ganfeng & MRE)
Greater Pilgangoora (Pilbara Minerals)
Wolfsberg (European Lithium)
Wodgina (Abermale & MRE)
Piedmont (Piedmont Lithium)
Arcadia (Prospect Resources)
Mibra (AMG)
Mina do Barroso (Savannah)
Authier (Sayona Mining)
Rose Tantalum (Critical Elements)
Bald Hill (Alita Resources)
Cash Cost BreakdownAmount per Ton
DFS
Mining Cost $149
Processing Cost $75
G&A Cost $13
FOB Mine $238
Transportation Cost $104
Total Cash Cost at China Port
$342
High Lithium Oxide Grade(Measured & Indicated %)
Sigma Spodumene Cash-Cost Breakdown
Source: Company Fillings
Sigma: One of the Lowest Cost Spodumene ProducersGlobally
17
Current Market PriceUS$ 1,300 per tonne (1)
Australia I Australia II Australia III Australia IV Australia V Australia VI Australia VII
DFS - $342
Source: Shanghai Metals Market.Notes: (1) S&P Global as of August 16th, 2021
18
Benchmark Cost Curve: Sigma’s Low Cost Validated By ItsFormer Mine “Cachoeira”, in Brazil, After Greenbushes in AUS
Source: Benchmark Mineral Intelligence.
Superior Quality of Sigma’s High Purity Lithium Concentrate isVisible to The Naked Eye
19
Australian Wet Fines
Australian Wet Fines
Sigma’s Dry Coarse
Sigma’s Dry Control Sample
19
One of the World’s Most Capital Efficient Lithium Projects
20
Start-up Capital Intensity (1)(2)
(US$/tpa)
323
382
445
689
739
777
779
835
1.362
G. do Cirilo
Finniss
Goulamina
Kathleen V.
James B.
Barroso
Manono
Authier
Rose
(3)Sigma’s strategic advantages allows
its operations to be one of the lowest start-up capital intensity in terms of spodumene production
Source: Company announcements, Bloomberg. Ratio of upfront capital cost (including contingencies) and average annual spodumene concentrate production. Capital cost estimates converted to USD at spot rate of AUD/USD 0.7423. Based on Stage 1 DFS upfront capital cost estimate of A$89m and average annual production of 173ktpa
Sigma’s Integrated Business Model with End-Users SupportsExponential Growth: Lowers Capex and Increases ROIC
Lithium “Major” Producers
1 Majors 1 Chemical Asset Light
Lithium “Junior” Pre-Producers
Low ROICLow Capex | High ROIC
BatteryMiningAdvancedMetallurg
y
(Owned or
Tolled)Chemica
l
Cathode
Client Driven Integrated Demand for Green Lithium
BatteryMiningAdvancedMetallurg
y
TolledChemica
l
Cathode
Customer3
13,000 t LCE
Customer2
10,000 t LCE
2023 Phase 2: 33,000 t LCE / year
Customer10,000 t LCE
Customer 2 Customer 3
2022 Phase 1: 33,000 t LCE / year
Mitsui1
Customer10,000 t LCE
Same Customer Base
21
22
▪ Mitsui is one of the largest Japanese companies, with a global footprint and an extensive network of relationships with key players in the sector
▪ Sigma can leverage Mitsui’s expertise in several aspects of the market to create value, optimizing its strategy / operations
▪ Take-or-pay contract ensures capital and cash flow predictability for future projects
▪ Sets Mitsui as a potential future partner in other projects, securing funding for further growth
Spodumene Producers Chemical Tollers Battery ProducersElectric Vehicle Manufacturers
Ongoing Commercial Discussions
Lithium demand to skyrocket in coming
years as few players enter the market...
...leading end-users and traders to rush to
secure future supply...
...as Sigma continues to forge relationshipsacross the chain...
...and holds groundbreaking
commercial discussions
Paved Relationship Network and Potential GrowthOpportunities
23
“Green” and ESG Sustainable Lithium: Sigma Lithium Featuredas “Responsible Miner” at the United Nations ClimateConference COP 25
“S”- Socially Transformational
• 500 direct jobs and 6,500 indirect jobs• US$100mm to be paid in royalties over
14 years• Workforce training programs in
partnership with SENAI
• 100% green-powered by hydroelectricity• Dry stacking tailings & low residue mining• Greentech dense media digitally
automated• Water recycling of 90%
“E”- State-of-the-Art Environmental “G”- Canadian Governance
• Out of 5 board members 2 are independent
• Canadian Corporation listed in the TSX• Audited by KPMG Canada and SGS
Canada for 5 years
Sigma was invited to present its Sustainable Mining Case Studyat the World Climate Summit (United Nations Climate Conference COP25)
24
“Examples of actions include dry-stacking tailings management from inception at the pilot plant and investing in water recirculation equipment that would lead the company to recycle 90% of the water. And then there is energy efficiency, 100% of the energy is green, power is sourced from hydro (…) But why?
Because being in battery materials… the purpose of that value chain is to decarbonize at the “mobility-end” of the value chain. So, if we did not behave accordingly by being 100% green and by powering the energy with 100% green energy and enforcing those practices all along, we would not be a sustainable member of
that [EV] value chain.”
- Ana Cabral (CSO and Co-Chairman)
“Sigma produces environmentally sustainable high-quality lithium concentrate from its pilot plant on site in Brazil… the Company has some of the world’s largest and richest deposits of spodumene ore... and we set
out to develop it since the very beginning six years ago as an ESG green mining case study, pioneering amongst lithium companies … and we did that by focusing 15% of the CAPEX towards always keeping up with best environmental practices [management and rehabilitation] and obviously focusing on the way
[electric] power was sourced to beneficiate the material [lithium].”
- Ana Cabral (CSO and Co-Chairman)
Emis
sio
n +
En
viro
nm
en
tal
Imp
act
Plant
Sco
pe
1
Tailings
Mining Operatio
n
Lithium Peers
Water efficiency of dry process: 90%of water recirculated
Does not use hazardous chemicalsin beneficiation
Tailings are dry stacked
“Areas de pasto” selected for drytailings piles
Tailings: Feldspar and Quartz
Mining pit designed for minimalvegetation suppression
Ecosystem of river stream preservedfor community
Sco
pe
2
Power 100% Green Hydro Power
Wet process
Flotation process requireshazardous chemicals
Brine/Salars displace undergroundfresh water basis
Slurry Tailing Dooms: flotationoutputs 100% ultra fines
Brine pools occupy vast areas
Super pits: “Bigger is Better”
Brine pools disrupt wide ecosystemsin Atacama
Diesel generators (Australia /Atacama)
Coal powered electrical grid
25
Green Tech Plant and Practices: Why is Sigma Very DifferentEnvironmentally?
26
General Site: Phase 1General Site: Phase 1 and 2
5km
Phase 2: The Proximity of Deposits Brings Capex Economies ofScale to Plant
28
29
Phase 2: Successfully Completed Pre-Feasibility DMS PilotPlant Testing with High 60.7% Recovery
30
Drilling 18 hours for 6 days a week
2025 and Beyond: Large Proximity Enables Sigma to Scale Upwith Industry Growth
Note: For Phase 1 refer to Xuxa Feasibility Study announcement on October 7th, 2019. For Phase 2 refer to PEA results announcement on June 2, 2021. Phase 3 numbers are company estimates.
Increase Mineral Resource: Preparing Phase 3, a Major-ScaleProducer
31
Lavrado
Meio
Algodão
Maxixe
Nazinho do Chicão
January, 2021
5km
Lavra do Meio
Murial
Grota do CiriloProperty NI 43101 Deposits
Ph
ase
1
ReservesAvg.
Grade
13.7MT 1.55%
M&I Resources
17.4MT
Ph
ase2
Measured and
Indicated
Avg. Grade
20.5MT 1.43%
Ph
ase
3
Estimated Volume
Avg. Grade
[15 – 18] 1.5%
Key Highlights
▪ Ongoing Drilling to Significantly Increase Mineral Resource
▪ Grota do Cirilo: 3 close large ore bodies with similar high-quality mineralogy 52,4 Mt of Total Resource:
▪ 43,6 Mt Resources at Phase 1 and 2 at 1.48% Li2O Grade
▪ >20,000 hectares of properties (200 km2), 27 mineral rights
▪ Drilled only 4 out of 9 lithium former mines. 7 Additional Targets Remain
▪ Sigma has been amongst the top 10 investors in core drilling in Brazil since 2014: over US$20mm
▪ Proximity of Deposits brings CAPEX economies of scale to plant
▪ Focus on high-grade and high purity formal artisanal mines
Note: For Phase 1 refer to Xuxa Feasibility Study announcement on October 7th, 2019. For Phase 2 refer to PEA results announcement on June 2, 2021. Phase 3 numbers are company estimates.
Key Milestones Achieved
32
• Bulk earthworks initiated as Sigma enters into the construction phase
• Engaged Brazilian construction and engineering firm Promon for Phase 1 of the Grota do Cirilo Project, joining Primero
• Donated 150 hectares of forest land to create state park, part of its carbon “in-setting” initiatives to decrease footprint
• Delivered an agreement for the creation of an Independent Development Agency as part of its commitment to the towns where the project is situated• Filed Preliminary Economic
Analysis Report for Phase 2: Doubling production capacity to 440,000tpa
1
2
3
4
5
Sigma’s Corporate Strategy
33
Stage 2 Stage 3Stage 1
• Become one of the only three funded projects to start production in 2022 (1)
• Ride the wave of lithium supply deficit from 2022 onwards
• Continuous drilling work streams to increase resources
2022 - 2023 2023-2024 2024+
• Double plant production capacity in 2023 to 66,000t LCE becoming world top 3 lithium producer (2)
• Increase Grota do Cirilo Life of Mine to additional 13 years (2)
• Scale up with industry growth
• Explore intermediate chemical opportunities (lithium sulphate) leveraging in Brazilian renewable power source
Notes:(1) Sigma Lithium, Core Lithium and Lithium Americas; (2) As of PEA results announcement on June 2, 2021
Appendix I. Lithium 101
35
The Time is Right: EV Transition Boosts Lithium Demand, butPlayers Cannot Catch Up
Key Challenges for New Lithium Mining Players
Time to Build a Mine (5-7
Years)
Environmental Concerns
High LithiumGrade
Requirementsfor Batteries
Securing Top Buyers & Meeting Demand on Time
ComplexRequired
Infrastructure
Location ofSupply
Transition to EVs Supports Global Carbon Emission Reduction Initiatives(Annual lb of CO2 Equivalent Emissions Per Vehicle)
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
BEV PHEV HEV Gasoline
64% LessCO2
Emissions
Increasing Demand and Significant Challenges for New Entrants Create a Perfect Opportunity for Sigma to Tackle the Market
Lack ofFinancing
Building & Execution Risk
Source: Mordor Intelligence, US Department on Energy(1) BEV signifies battery electric vehicle, PHEV signifies plug-in electric behicle, and HEV signifies hydrid electric vehicle
36
Supported by favorable regulatory measures,
auto OEMs commitments and corporate sustainability
Offer 25 EVs in 2023
Offer EV Version of all
Models by 2022
All Electric Line-Up by
2025
100% of Rides in EVs in
US/EU by 2030
100k EVs Order
10K Electric Delivery Vans
Order
Battery will take 92% of lithium
demand by 2025 vs. 68% in
2020
28.6x
4.1x
2.9x
Gigafactory Battery Capacity Evolution(GMh)
▪ Biden to transition the entire US Gov. fleet to EVs
▪ Record # of ~100 pure EV models are set to debut by 2025
▪ U$400bn in federal procurement for key clean energy inputs
▪ Setting a goal of raising the ratio of hybrids to 75% of all gasoline cars by 2030 and 100% by 2035
▪ Two-year EV incentive extension to 2022
44
330
17
129
1.365
489
2020 2025
▪ 37.5% reduction of EU fleet-wide average emissions for new cars by 2030
▪ Subsidies, tax incentives, grants, and ICE vehicle bans across the EU
Grow 2025x2020
Source: Wall Street Research, and Wood Mackenzie(1) Roskill report as of Aug-20. battery linked applications includes industrial, motive products, portable electronics, power devices, electric stationary storage, automotives (xEV)
EV Producers Require Accelerated Lithium Supply as Battery Producing Capacity Grow
The Lithium Market Opportunity: Renewed Green Agenda and Rise of EVs Dramatically Accelerating Lithium Demand
37
2%5%
9%10%
>30%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
46%
34%
46%
22%22%
Electric Vehicles as a % of Total Sales(‘000 Units, %, RHS)
Forecast in 2019 Actual Forecast in 2021
2018 2020 2025
Global EV Sales and Market Share(BEV and PHEV, ‘000 & %)
Others
45%40%33%
36%22%
25%
2.082
8.717
15.549
2018 2023 2025
1.166 5.597
13.734
4%
20%
48%
2018A 2025E 2030EChina EV Penetration Percentage
416
6.219
10.299
8%
34%
58%
2018A 2025E 2030EEurope EV Penetration Percentage
EV Sales and Penetration in China(‘000 Units, %)
EV Sales and Penetration in Europe(‘000 Units, %)
Source: GRU Group, EV World, IHS Market, Wall Street Research(1) BEV refers to battery electric-vehicle and PHEV refers to plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
Inflection Point in EV Growth Trajectory: Still a Lot of New Demand to Come
38
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2019 2020 2021
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2035
Global Production Units, 1Q21
EV Production Units
0
500,000
North America161,000 units
1,20 Production ratio
EU &EFTA & UK337,000 units
0.78 Production ratio
Rest of Asia93,000 units
2.64 Production ratio
China495,000 units
1.02 Production ratio
+88%
+101%
+183%
+257%
Subsidy extended for 2 years in 2020Subsidy will gradually reduce until 2022
Subsidy was increased under the COVID-19 packageSubsidy increased to maximum value, and will run through 2025
Subsidy introduced in 2019 at €6,000
Subsidy gradually decreasing until 2030
Introduced in 2019 for a 3 year period of up to 50% of the battery cost
Introduced in 2016 at a maximum of $7,700
US will have gas emissions by 2030
Cars 0 emission by 2035All cars LCV &
pure electric by 2030
Global PC & LDV EV Sales by Month(‘000 Units per Month)
Source: Rho Motion(1) PC refers to personal vehicles, while LDV refers to light-duty vehicle
A Tight Market Heading Rapidly into a Deficit Even if New Projects Come Online
39
LithiumHydroxide
Market SizeCAGR 21-30: 19.0%
LithiumCarbonate
Market SizeCAGR 21-30: 18.7%
Demand by Lithium Compound(%)
▪ Lithium Carbonate has dominated the market until recently,
a trend that has changed with the new technologies using
hydroxide that increase battery performance
▪ Lithium Carbonate is a lithium compound which
associates with carbonate to become a salt, mainly
from underground brine pools
▪ Lithium Hydroxide is a compound that decomposes at
a lower temperature than carbonate, allowing for the
battery cathode producing process to be more
sustainable, and the final product to be more long-
lasting
Processing Costs: Hydroxide Production is Becoming Cheaper as Technologies Evolve($/t)
73%
40%
27%
60%
2018 2030
Lithium Carbonate Lithium Hydroxide
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
LiOH:20202025
Carbonate:20202025Business Cost
Cumulative Production (kt)
Next Generation Lithium Cathode Requirements: LessCarbonate and more Hydroxide(%)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2015 2020 2025 2030
Lithium Carbonate Lithium Carbonate/Hydroxide Lithium Hydroxide
Source: Source: Magna Intelligence, Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, and Mordor
Appendix II. Pre-Construction and Detailed Engineering Update
41
Phase 2 Production Line
Phase 1 Production Line
Common Infrastructure
Modular processing production lines
Increase scale with marginal capex only
Most of capex deployed for Phase 1 (“common infrastructure)
Design contemplates features for seamless phase 2 expansion (trade-off studies)
Size of DMS
Size of crusher
Crushing plant layout and fines DMS storage of crushed materials
Fines DMS
Design confirmations (dry stacking, iron removal, reflux classifier)
Trade-Off Studies
Modular DMS (Dense Media Separation) Processing Plant – Simplicity to Scale
Features of Modular Plant
Environmental State-of-the-Art Equipment, Automated and Digitally Controlled“Green-Tech” Plant
Investment Plan Overview - Detailed Engineering Pre-Construction of Plant for Phase 1 Production
42
▪ Bulk earth moving for foundations starts in 3Q21
▪ Detailed engineering concludes and final capex costing (FEL-3)
Plant
Pre-Construction Plant
Detailed Engineering
Construction Production Permitting
4Q20 ✓ Geotech drilling
1Q21✓ Foundation
modeling✓ Trade Off Studies
2Q21✓ Structural
calculations✓ Design
Confirmations
3Q21
✓ Final Designs✓ Implementation
Capex (Fel-3)✓ PEP
✓ Long Lead Item
✓ Bulk Earth Moving for Foundations
4Q21✓ Plant Eletro
mechanical Build
1Q22✓ Electronics Digital
Control Panels
2Q22✓ Plant
Commissioning
3Q22 ✓ Operating License
Methodology
Preliminary PEP
Definitive PEP
Application of PEP
43
Promon
100 Site Wide Bulk Earthworks Brazilian Engineer
200 Crushing
Civil ConcreteStructure SteelMechanical EquipmentPipingPlateworkElect, Insta & ControlsCommunication
PrimeroMetsoMetsoPrimeroMetsoPrimeroBrazilian Engineer
300 Wet Plant
Civil/ConcreteStructural SteelMechanical EquipmentPipingPlateworkElect, Inst & ControlsCommunications
PrimeroPrimeroPrimeroPrimeroPrimeroPrimeroBrazilian Engineer
600 Infrastructure Power/Water/Buildings/Etc. Brazilian Engineer
700 MiningMining GeneralMining Facilities
Mining ContractorMining Contractor
WBS AreaDetailed
EngineeringWork Breakdown
Structure
Firm @ Construction
Oversight Execution
Brazil Engineer Brazilian EPCM
Promon Brazilian EPCM
Primero Brazilian EPCM
Primero Brazilian EPCM
U & M U & M
U & M (Mining)
Project Execution Plan Work Allocation: Engineering Strength
44
IPA Front End Loading
FEL1 FEL2 FEL3
AACE Usage (18R-97)
Study or Feasibility Capex Authorization
EstimatingMethodology
Factored Calculated Detailed Detailed
Contingency 15% to 20% 10% to 15% 5% to 10% 0% to 5%
OtherJuniors
Definitive Feasibility Study
Basic Engineering
Detailed Engineering
Project Execution Plan
FEL3 Accuracy of Capex
No Cutting Corners: Sigma takes a detailed execution approach without sacrificing time to market
Typical Junior Mining Approach
Best-in-class Engineering Partners
✓
Project StagePre
FeasibilityFeasibility
Detailed Engineering
Implementation
Extensive experience
building lithium plants
Differentiated Risk Mitigation Plan and Best-in-ClassEngineering Partners
Outstanding Mineralogy Enables Simple DMS Process with No Floatation Required to Achieve Good DMS Recovery Results
45
Xuxa Pit Mining Truck Primary Crusher Secondary CrusherTertiary Crusher Dry Screens 10mm Crushed Ore Front End Loader
Wet Screens Coarse Primary DMS D&R Screen Coarse Secondary DMS
D&R Screen Ore Sorter Coarse DMS Concentrate
Rolls Crusher
Reflux ClassificationFines Primary DMS D&R Screen Fines Secondary DMS D&R Screen Magnetic Separation
Fines DMS Concentrate
Wet Screen Reflux Classification D&R Screen Magnetic Separation
Front End Loader
Ultrafines DMS Ultrafines DMS Concentrate
Horizontal Belt Filter
Rejects Stockpile Mining TruckThickener Dry Strack Tailings
Wet Screens Coarse Primary DMS D&R Screen
Dry
T
aili
ng
s
Pate
nte
d G
ree
n B
en
efi
ciat
ion
to
P
re C
he
mic
al L
ith
ium
C
on
ce
ntr
ate
Processes Xuxa Ore Through a Low Capex Dense Media Separation Concentrator
Appendix –Sigma Investment Highlights
Quality Production Coming Online at the Perfect Time
Paved Path for a Full Steam Start… …at a Key Strategic
Location
✓Fully funded project with technical work, approvals and permits(1)
✓
1st product batch to hit the market in 2022, at the right time to meet the increasing demand driven by Electric Vehicles
✓ Construction starting in 3Q 2021
✓
Tolling agreement with main refining companies with flexibility to convert the high-quality spodumene into battery-grade hydroxide or carbonate
Legend
Deposit
Grota do Cirilo
Xuxa
Barreiro
NC
Lavra doMeio
Murial
~6 km
Located in Minas Gerais, a mining-friendly jurisdiction with existing
infrastructure and at significantly low cost
47(1) Project Finance under MoU
48
Finalized 1st
phase of mineral
exploration Convertible
bonds offering
Capital Markets
Acquired Margaux “Shell”
Filed NI-43-101
RTO / IPO
Closed Alliance with
Mitsui
Pilot Plant and Project
Development
LI / LP Environmental
License Obtained
Achievements Recognized in
ESG Case Study (COP-19)
2020
Project Finance Signing
Detailed Engineering
2021
Fully Funded(1)
20182017
2019
2015
Sigma to Progress from Exploration to Fully-Funded to Near Term Production in 2022 and Clear Investment Plan to Double Capacity in 2023
Control Group Established
Strategic Partnership
✓ 2x size of Company
▪ 2x Reserves
✓ Plant Commission
✓ Phase I (Xuxa) Production
✓ Debt Closing
✓ Enhanced Agreement w/ Mitsui
✓ UN Climate Week Net Zero Achievement
(1) Project Finance under MoU
A Successful Story Ready to Enter Into its Highest Growth Chapter
World-Class Corporate Governance
49
Board Member Technical Committee Audit Committee
Corporate Governance,
Nomination and Compensation
Committee
Finance Committee
Gary Litwack
Frederico Marques
Calvyn Gardner
Ana Cabral
Marcelo Paiva
Vicente Lobo1
Wes Roberts1
Chair of the Committee
Member of the Committee
Board Members are Active Participants of Sigma’s Committees, Ensuring the Highest Governance Standards
(1) Board Advisors
50
Marcelo Paiva, CFA
Corp. Finance & Investor Relations Director
Gary LitwackIndependent
Director
Frederico Marques
Independent Director
Dedicated team has been extremely successful in reaching DFS at record speed, despite low lithium prices, a result not only of the quality of the asset, but also of
the team’s professionalism and commitment to the project
Calvyn Gardner CEO &
Co-Chairperson
Ana CabralChief
Sustainability Officer &
Co-Chairperson
Vicente LoboCo-Chairman
Wes RobertsCo-ChairmanCo-Founder
CEO
20+ Years Co-Founder
Mittal Family Office
Senior Partner
Mining Committee Chair
Founding Partner at S4G Incand
New Board Member
Independent Director
Post-US Listing
Executive Directors Board Advisors
Support by a Committed Sponsor Team with Broad Industry Expertise…
… And Highly Technical Management Team
Calvyn GardnerCEO
Ana CabralPresident & COO
Rinaldo StefanProject Officer
Colette WardenProcess Engineer
Iran ZanOperations Director
Dyonn HageSenior Geotechnical Geologist
Maria José SallumChief Sustainability Officer
Daniel AbdoBusiness Development Director
Patricia Duarte LaraMining & Mineral Rights Affairs
Vitor OrnelasBusiness Development Manager
Marina BernardiniCorp. Sec. & Director, Legal Affairs
Vicente LoboTechnical Committee
Andre BankoPhD Mineralogy
Kessianne LimaQA/QC Geologist
Wes RobertsTechnical Committee
51
Utpal GoshProject Officer
Felipe PeresFinancial & Controller VP
Marcelo Paiva, CFACorporate Finance & IR Director
Hugo RibeiroOperations Manager
Guilherme GuimarãesChief Finanical Officer
Mission, Vision & Values
52
To provide ultra-high quality lithium
pre-chemical to battery-chain clients
Mission
Vision
Values
To become a world-class, low-cost,
high-quality lithium producer to help
drive the EV movement
▪ Environmental Preservation
▪ Low-Carbon Lithium▪ UN Development Goals▪ Socioeconomic Impact▪ Adherence to
Compliance & Governance Standards
ESG
ESG-Centric Strategy: Practices are Measured as per the UNSustainable Development Goals
Corporate Mission(UN Goals)
“E” Environmental “G” Governance“S” Social
United Nation Goals Are Covered by Each ESG Workstream at Sigma (15 out of a total of 17)
54
Short-Term Impact
240,000 Protected
People by Sigma's COVID Actions
12,000 Liters of Hypochlorite
Delivered and 840 kg
of Alcohol Sanitizer
16 Hospitals, Clinics,
and Supplied Entities
ModelingSupport on Mapping
Stakeholders and Modulation of
Management Models
StateSupport, Along with Various
Companies, Entities & Organizations
AnchoringInitial Grant for the Project
as an Anchor Company
Leading RoleIn the creation of a
Economic Diversification Bureau
4 Areas of Focus: Investment
Intelligence, Territory Promotion, Investment Facilitation, and
Advocacy
Full SupportFrom Sigma’s Management
to Conduct Mentoring, Hiring and Economic
Feasibility Studies
Sigma is a True ESG Champion, Fully Committed to Positively Impact the Environment and Its Stakeholders
Mid-Term Impact
Long-Term Impact
6,000 Food
Baskets Delivered over 10 Months
Sigma’s ESG Mission: Delivering Constant Impact
55
Sigma Actions in Times of Pandemic
56
Distributed basic food baskets to 2,400 people since the start of the Pandemic
Protected 240,000 people
Donated 12,000 liters of disinfectants and 840kg of gel sanitizer
Supplied sanitizing items to 16 hospitals, clinics, and entities
Distribution of prevention booklets
Community Action Plan
Exemplary community partnership in fighting COVID-19, exemplifying its ESG-focused
mission
Best-in-class high risk protocols to ensure workplace safety and operations continuity
Internal Covid-19 Protocol
24 hour temperature testing at entrance and contractors are required to submit daily temperature tests
Mandatory usage of masks within the central office and prohibited access of people who do not work at the office
Constant disinfection at bathrooms and meal breaks to be set outside the building
Non essential maintenance suspension and contractors and others required to meet outdoors
57
Sigma “Walk the Talk” of ESG-Centric Strategy: EnvironmentalPreservation and Expansion of Licenses
Sigma decided to sacrifice 20% of its mineral reserves in first deposit VOLUNTARILY PRESERVE aseasonal River creek running through it: PREVENTED relocation of families riverside
Preserved area became source of Carbon In-Setting Credits
Phase 1 – Expanded Environmental License –Integrated Production Plant Tailing for Phase 2