BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 1 Contents 1Overview3 1.1BTSplus4 1.2Key features6 2Modules9 2.1Core base / Core satellite12 2.2Carrier Unit CU15 2.3EDGE carrier unit18 2.4Combining configurations19 2.5Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler DUAMCO22 2.6Filter Combiner FICOM26 2.7Di-Amplifier Multicoupler DIAMCO28 2.8Tower Mounted Amplifier TMA30 2.9High Power Duplexer HPDU32 2.10BIAS-T (DUBIAS)34 2.11Power supply36 3Compatibility39 3.1Comparison between BS2x/6x and BS24x Modules40 4Configuration examples43 4.1Two cells44 4.2Three cells45 4.3Six cells45 5BS240 and BS241 details47 5.1BS240 rack types48 5.2BS240 site configuration52 5.3Functional structure56 5.4BS240 technical data57 6BS40 and BS41 details59 6.1Rack layout61 6.2Site configuration64 BTSplus Architecture SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 2 6.3Technical data65 6.4BS40 functional structure67 7BS240XL details69 7.1Rack layout70 7.2BS240XL site configuration74 7.3BS240XL configuration examples76 8BTSplus type II81 9Exercises83 BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 3 1Overview Fig. 1 BS240 Base Rack (left) and BS241 Base Shelter (right) SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 4

1.1BTSplus There are two BTSE families in the Siemens BSS. The BTS one family including BS60, BS61, BS22, BS21, BS20 and BS11 and the BTS plus family including the e-MicroBTS and the picoBTS and all BTSE gathered under the name BTSplus BTSE. This Chapter is dealing with all BTSplus BTSE. The BTSplus products are: BS240/BS240II/BS241/BS241II with max. 24 TRX in 3 (carrier) racks, BS40/BS40II/BS41/BS41II as an "all-in-one" base station with max 4 TRX in a single rack and BS240XL/BS240XLII providing 24 TRX in 2 (carrier) racks only. For the BTSplus BTSE dual band operation in the GSM900 and GSM1800/GSM1900 frequency bands is possible. Filter and duplex combiners offer high output power and a minimized number of antennas, respectively. A TMA (tower mounted amplifier) for highest receiver sensitivity is available. All BTSplus base stations offer GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and are prepared for EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 5 ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ...................................

BTS one familyBTSplus familyBS60BS61BS20BS21BS22BS240, BS241BS40, BS41BS82 EMICROBS242 PICOBS240XS Fig. 2 BTSE family SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 6 1.2Key features The key features for the BTSplus base stations are: Compatibility with SBS on Abis interface, i.e. full integration in existing multidrop or loop configurations Frequency bands: GSM900 (P, E, R, RE, PS bands), GSM1800, GSM1900 Dual Band GSM900/1800/1900 in the same rack Carrier Units with 50 W output power for GSM900 Carrier Units with 35 W output power for GSM1800/1900 Up to -116 dBm Rx sensitivity Core redundancy, AC/DC (n+1) redundancy, BCCH reconfiguration Up to 4 PCMB lines between BTSE and BSC ( the BR7.0 Releasefeature) Filter and duplex combiners Antenna diversity Tower Mounted Amplifier TMA Integrated Abis cross-connect (on 64 kbit/s level) Space for integration of NTPM and microwave equipment Battery backup (in service rack, integrated in BS4x) up to 57 external alarms (per rack) Temperature range: -5C...+55Cindoor Temperature range: -45C...+50Coutdoor High site efficiency (especially BS240XL) Service racks Rack extension without service interruption Hot plug-in of modules Frequency hopping (base band and synthesizer hopping) Rack extension for BS240/241 and BS240XL: (max.) 24 TRX/site, 24 TRX/cell, 6 cells/rack, 12 cells/site BS40/41 up to 3 / 4 cells (with / without diversity) BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 7 GSM VariantFrequency BandUplink (MHz) Frequency Band Downlink (MHz) GSM900 Primary890 - 915935 - 960 GSM900 Extended880 - 915925 - 960 GSM900 Railway876 - 915921 - 960 GSM900 RE876 - 901921 - 946 GSM900 PS880 905925 - 950 GSM1800 ("DCS")1710 17851805 - 1880 GSM1900 ("PCS")1850 19101930 - 1990 SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 8

BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 9 2Modules SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 10 The BTSEplus differs in the Rack configuration possibilities and the Configuration variants. But for all BTSEplus Racks the same modules are used (exceptions are described in the part referring to the special BTSE type).The BS24x / 4x serves both GSM900 and its variants (GSM1800 / GSM1900). Moreover, the BS24x is the basis from which the Enhanced-MicroBTS and the picoBTS are derived (BTSplus family). The categories for the main BTSplus components are core boards (COBA/COSA), carrier-oriented boards called carrier units (CU) and combining equipment (DUAMCO, FICOM, and DIAMCO). Up to 8 PCM lines can be connected to the two core boards. The BTSE itself is scalable: Up to two (one) extension racks carrying radio equipment may be connected to a BS24x (BS240XL) base rack. The main communication between the modules runs via a bi-directional serial link between the carrier units and the core boards (CC-Link). The serial link is also used for base band frequency hopping. All non-CU boards (e.g. DUAMCO) report their alarms to COBA via the CAN bus. Alarms of the CU boards are transmitted via CC-Link. BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 11 DC PANELFAN FANFAN FANFAN FANCU0CU1CU4CU5COSACOBACU6CU7CU2CU3DIAMCODIAMCOACOMACOMACOMACOMCOSACOBA1,60 m Fig. 3 BS240 Base Rack SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 12 2.1Core base / Core satellite The main functions of Core Base COBA and Core Satellite COSA are: local control of entire BTSE generation of system clock providing max 8 Abis interfaces to BSC and other BTSE up to 4 of themcan be between BTSE and BSC, increasing the Abis capacity from existing 4Mbit/s to 8Mbit/s ( release BR7.0 feature) routing Abis data to max 24 CU providing T-interface to LMT handling and processing of O&M messages COBA stores the BTSE SW on Flash-EPROM, supervises the SW download and terminates all internal system alarms. Beside the O&M functions (LPDLM) the COBA handles the signaling messages between BSC (Abis) and CU (LPDLR). COBA can be expanded with the core satellite COSA board. COBA supports max 2 PCM30/PCM24 interfaces and 8 CU. COSA is required for expanding the BTSplus capacity with an additional 6 Abis and 16 CU. The ability to connect the BTSE to BSC with up to 4 PCMB lines improves the traffic capability on Abis interface which is absolutely needed due to introduction of EDGE and higher data rate coding schemes for GPRS in release BR7.0.The cabling between Abis OVPT and CU and the core unit is done via the backplane. For core redundancy, the COBA and its satellite are duplicated. In this case one of the board pairs (COBA+COSA) is active, working as the master. The other pair has inactive/(cold) standby status. COBA controls the switchover between active and inactive boards. Central boards can be hot-plugged; i.e. there is no need to switch off power first. Note: COBA can only be removed after COSA has been removed first (mechanical provision). COSA provides 6 PCM30/24 interfaces for Abis, 16 CU interfaces, Cross-connect functionality. COSA is controlled from the COBA via the satellite interface. The key element of the PCM30/24 interface is the FALC (Framing and Line Interface Component). The FALC performs analogue receive and transmit circuitry, data and clock recovery, frame alignment/synthesis, BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 13 line supervision. Other essential components are SELIC (Serial Link Interface Controller) and BISON (Bit-Switch for Optimized Network Architecture, between SELIC and FALC). Between port pairs (0 and 1, 2 and 3 etc.) relays short-circuit the ports of the same pair in case of failure. DC PANELFAN FANFAN FANFAN FANCU0CU1CU4CU5COSACOBACU6CU7CU2CU3DIAMCODIAMCOACOMACOMACOMACOMCOSACOBASTLP5STLP4STLP3STLPS1PPXX7STLP9STLP8STLP7STLP6CPEX0CPEX1IXLT0IXLT1UBEX0UBEX1SNAP0SNAP1TDPC0TDPC1MEMT0MEMT1MPCC0MPCC1PWR0PPLH0PWR1STLP1STLP0STLPS0PPLH1STLP2PPXX1PPXX0PPXX6PPXX5PPXX4PPXX3PPXX2PPXX13PPXX12PPXX11PPXX10PPXX9PPXX8Up to 4 PCM lines Fig. 4 SE connected to BSC with 4 PCMB lines SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 14 2 x AbisPCM24/306 x Abis PCM24/308 x CCLinks to CU16 x CCLinks to CUCC-LinkClockCore - CPURedund. LogicAbis-LinkCOBACOSAInterfacesAlarmsAbis-LinkCC-LinkLMT Fig. 5 Structure of COBA/COSA BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 15 2.2Carrier Unit CU The carrier unit CU contains all analog and digital signal processing units (including a RF power stage) to provide a single GSM / EDGE carrier (with 8 time slots). The carrier unit interfaces to the combining equipment (via semi-rigid cabling) and to the core modules (via CC-Link).Frequency RangeOutput power (W) GSM90050 GSM180035 GSM190035 The carrier unit is composed of the following units: Power Amplifier and Transceiver Unit PATRX provides the main analogue functions of the CU. In uplink direction two (diversity) pre-amplified and filtered RF signals are received from the antenna combining equipment. These signals are converted to IF and channel filtered. The IF signals are then transmitted to SIPRO, where they are sampled and digitally converted to base band. In downlink direction the GMSK modulated signal is received from the SIPRO, I/Q modulated and converted. The resulting RF-signal is then power amplified and transmitted to the antenna combining equipment. PATRX supports synthesizer frequency hopping.The power control loop implements 6 static power steps (each 2 dB, BSC database) and additional 15 dynamic power levels (each 2 dB).Power Supply Unit PSU is the DC/DC converter for the CU. The PSU generates the voltages +26/28V, +6V (only GSM1800/GSM1900), +12V, +5.3V and -5.3V for the analogue circuitry and +3.35V for the digital circuitry from a -48V primary input voltage. The SIPRO performs digital to analogue conversion (and back) (local) clock supply Signal processing in uplink and downlink(encoding, ciphering, interleaving, burst formation) Control of RF on PATRX Base band and synthesizer hopping Radio link and channel control O&M functions (incl. CC-Link handling) SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 16 BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 17 ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... PATRX SIPROPSURX inputTX outputCC Link-48VCU Fig. 6 Carrier Unit structure SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 18 2.3EDGE carrier unit Both the BTSone and the BTSplus family support GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) since release BR5.5. For the Base Transceiver Stations, no hardware upgrade is required, i.e. GPRS can be introduced simply by a software download (new PPCU/PPXX modules are required for BSC, however).For the new GSM phase 2+ feature EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution), EDGE CU ( E-CU) are introduced for BTSplus. The EDGE CU hardware is available with BR6.0while software supporting EDGE is available with release BR7.0. E-CU HW is able to handle GSM/GPRS/HSCSD as well as ESCD/EGPRS. It is possible to replace an GSM-CU (G-CU) by E-CU at any arbitrary rack position. Mixed configuration with G-CU and E-CU are possible. BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 19 HighCapacityBSCUp to 12 CUsPer Rack (GSM-CU and/or E-CU) BTSplusAbisPCU 1FAAS:flexible (dyn.) Abisallocation strategy,1x16kbps - 5x16kbpsnew "concatenated" PCU framesE-CUE-CUCOMBINEREDGECarrierUnitPacketControlUnitG-CUCORECORE4 x PCM30 per BTSPCU 12Hardware Requirements Fig. 7 Hardware requiements for EDGE 2.4Combining configurations For downlink transmission, there is a trade-off between the number of antennae and the insertion loss for a given number of carriers: Increasing the number of antennae decreases the DL insertion loss.When there are many carriers per cell, filter combining becomes advantageous with respect to insertion loss. However, filter combiners are more expensive than duplex combiners and do not support synthesizer frequency hopping.When insertion losses are unimportant, e.g. in micro cells, a configuration with DUAMCO 8:2 minimizes cost (incl. the number of antennae) and also supports synthesizer frequency hopping.SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 20 BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 21 ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... 8:2 2:2 4:22x 4x 8xDuplex Combining: DUAMCOTower MountedAmplifier (opt.)TMA2:1 2:1FICOM2x88x 8xDIAMCOFilter CombiningHPDUHigh PowerDuplexer (opt.) Fig. 8 Combining options - overview SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 22 2.5Duplexer Amplifier Multicoupler DUAMCO The DUAMCO x:y are named according to the number x (x=2, 4, 8) of transmit connectors fed by the CU and the number y (always y=2) of antenna connectors. The DUAMCO contain duplexers for routing both transmit and receive path over the same antenna. In addition, there are filters for transmit and receive signal. All DUAMCO are composed of two independent sub-modules operating in the same frequency band (but which can be assigned to different cells). The receive path consists of a LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) and a power splitter. The LNA provides for a low system noise and consists of two branches (for redundancy). In case of malfunction of one amplifier the RX gain of the DUAMCO decreases by about 6 dB. The power splitter distributes the received band to the carrier units (splitting factors 2, 4 and 8 are available, depending on the type of DUAMCO). The transmit path contains isolators, a hybrid coupler (with heat sink) and an ASU (Antenna Supervision Unit, for measuring the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR). The isolators have to protect the power amplifiers inside the CU from each other i.e. they provide the required inter-modulation suppression. Two different hybrid couplers (2:1, 4:1) combine up to 4 carriers to one antenna. The power, which is not transmitted, is terminated in a load including cooler. The O&M interface of the DUAMCO transmits error messages to the BTSE core via the CAN bus. BTSplus ArchitectureSiemens MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 23 Antenna #0Rx TxLNAASUCouplerControlCAN busDC i / fto/from corefromTxRx TxLNAASUCouplerto RxAntenna #1fromTxto RxESNRXCA RXCATriplexer TriplexerTMADC/DCTMASignall.DUAMCO 4:2 Fig. 9 DUAMCO 4:2 DUAMCO 8:2CTRLDC O&MCAN-Bus -48VModule0 Module1Antenna# 0RXCA0TX0TX1RX0RX1RX2RX3CouplerRX4RX5RX6RX7TX2TX3LNALNAModeAMCOMUC ORX TXTriplexerASUTMADC+Sign.Antenna#1RXCA1TX0TX1RX0RX1RX2RX3RX4RX5RX6RX7TX2TX3CouplerLNALNAModeAMCOMUCORX TXASUTriplexer Fig. 10 Internal structure of DUAMCO 8:2 SiemensBTSplus Architecture MN1780EU10MN_0001 2001 Siemens AG 24 The Antenna Supervision Units measure the amount of reflection on the antenna cable, the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR. Three ranges are distinguished: VSWR